scholarly journals ‘The Futurist mountains’: Filippo Tommaso Marinetti's experiences of mountain combat in the First World War

Modern Italy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selena Daly
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
General Public ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World ◽  
Alpine Landscape ◽  
Newspaper Articles

Filippo Tommaso Marinetti's first experience of active combat was as a member of the Lombard Battalion of Volunteer Cyclists and Motorists in the autumn of 1915, when he fought in the mountains of Trentino at the border of Italy and Austria-Hungary. This article examines his experience of mountain combat and how he communicated aspects of it both to specialist, Futurist audiences and to the general public and soldiers, through newspaper articles, manifestos, ‘words-in-freedom’ drawings, speeches and essays written between 1915 and 1917. Marinetti's aim in all of these wartime writings was to gain maximum support for the Futurist movement. Thus, he adapted his views to suit his audience, at times highlighting the superiority of the Futurist volunteers over the Alpine soldiers and at others seeking to distance Futurism from middle-class intellectualism in order to appeal to the ordinary soldier. Marinetti interpreted the war's relationship with the natural environment through an exclusively Futurist lens. He sought to ‘futurise’ the Alpine landscape in an effort to reconcile the urban and technophilic philosophy of his movement with the realities of combat in the isolated, rural and primitive mountains of Trentino.

Arab uprising

Maska ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (200) ◽  
pp. 146-155
Author(s):  
Miha Turk
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
General Public ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
First World War ◽  
Recent History ◽  
World War ◽  
The West ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Great War ◽  
First World

With an influx of refugees from the Middle East and Syria in particular it is important to understand their recent history so as to familiarize our audience with historical context that helped shape the contemporary conflict. The article is composed of an accessible and non-formalized narrative of the so called ‘Arab revolt’ where Arab rebels sided with the Entente forces in a bid to gain independence from the Ottomans on the side of the Central powers. Their bid was ultimately betrayed as the war ended with colonization from the their former allies - the French and the British. This betrayal is still very much alive and fueling the modern conflict and general distrust of the West. The Great War fundamentally changed the Middle East much more than the second war though its effect and aftermath are for the greater part unfamiliar to the general public. The article aims at adding the ‘Middle East’ piece to the general imaginarium pertaining the First World War.

scholarly journals Erratum

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-384
Author(s):  
Kenneth Wald
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Recent Article ◽  
First World War ◽  
The Other ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World

There is an error in Table 1 of my recent article, ‘Class and the Vote Before the First World War’ (this Journal, October 1978, p. 445). The ‘N’ column for middle-class Anglicans should indicate a total of twenty-four cases, with eighteen Conservative identifiers and just six respondents in the ‘Other’ partisan category. These adjusted figures correspond to the percentages which are printed correctly in the adjacent column.

A Shared Rhetoric: The Western Front in 1914/15 as reported by Harry Gullett and Philip Gibbs

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Kerby
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Western Front ◽  
Political Upheaval ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
First World ◽  
Newspaper Articles

The newspaper articles written by the Australian Harry Gullett and his English counterpart Philip Gibbs during the opening months of the First World War provide important insights into the nature of war reporting, propaganda, censorship, and the relationship between the press and the military. Despite differences in background and temperament, their reports, which were written prior to official accreditation, were remarkably similar in tone and content for Gullett and Gibbs shared the belief that war was a regenerative force that would purify and strengthen a degenerate pre-war Britain. Both writers adopted a rhetoric in their initial wartime correspondence that emphasized traditional martial and patriotic values that they believed were an antidote to the weakness and disunity of a pre-war Britain beset by industrial, social and political upheaval. Battles would therefore be best presented as extended heroic narratives in which there was order, honour and greatness. This approach exerted an influence as pervasive as censorship itself.

scholarly journals ‘No longer clad in corduroy’? The Glasgow University Irish National Club, 1907–1917

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-294
Author(s):  
Máirtin Ó Catháin
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Public Life ◽  
First World War ◽  
Home Rule ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Great Transition ◽  
The University ◽  
First World

Unique among university clubs in Britain, the Glasgow University Irish National Club emerged before the first world war among mainly second generation, Scots-born Irish students to assist in the campaign for Irish home rule. It was a useful adjunct to the home rule movement and helped the Irish and mainly catholic students at the university carve out a niche for themselves firstly within the institution and thereafter in wider society. This reflected a growing Irish catholic middle class desirous of playing a greater role in Scottish public life during a time of great transition for the Irish in Scotland.

scholarly journals Making (Anti)Modern Childhood: Producing and Consuming Toys in Late Victorian Canada

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Braden P. L. Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Consumer Culture ◽  
First World War ◽  
The Other ◽  
Popular Press ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World

Prior to the First World War much of Canada’s toy supply came from Germany. When the guns of August sounded in 1914, Canadian consumers found themselves in the midst of a shortage of mass produced toys, dubbed the ‘toy famine’ in the popular press. Two incompatible solutions ultimately arose to deal with this problem of consumer demand and industrial supply. Middle class women, drawing on their work over the preceding decades distributing and producing toys for philanthropic means and the discourse of the conditioned child, turned to craft production using the labour of returned soldiers to refurbish second hand playthings and produce new ones as artisans. Canadian manufacturers, with the support of the state, pursued a policy designed to industrialize toy production in Canada for competition at home and abroad. In some cases, one group openly resisted the efforts of the other. Ultimately, these two visions made possible a debate about modernity and the role of industrial technology in Canadian family life and consumer culture.

Propaganda and Youth

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Dogliani
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
First World War ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
World War ◽  
Political Class ◽  
Professional Qualification ◽  
Italian Fascism ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World

Throughout its history, Italian fascism emphasized that it was a revolutionary and youthful phenomenon. During its rise from 1919 to 1922, the fascist movement, like its communist competitor, was novel in its appeal to youth. Fascism entailed the rejuvenation of the national political class of Liberal days and fostered a social and economic transformation whereby members of a middle class lacking an ancient inheritance of land and professional qualification could take up the reins of power. Most of the fascist leadership under the dictatorship were men born in the mid-1890s, framed by their experience of the First World War as twenty-year-olds. Fascism similarly could count on support from the next generation, a group who had only just been old enough to join in the last months of battle or who had missed the war altogether and felt frustrated at their loss.

Conclusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 235-244
Author(s):  
Timothy Bowman ◽  
William Butler ◽  
Michael Wheatley
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The South ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Marked Disparity ◽  
Volunteer Force ◽  
First World

Previous works, notably by David Fitzpatrick, have stressed the concept of a ‘collective sacrifice’ in Ireland during the First World War. However, it is clear that, in Ireland, there was a marked disparity of sacrifice. Disparities are clear between Ulster and the South and West of Ireland, urban and rural Ireland and between Ireland and Great Britain. Much of the recruitment in Ireland was heavily politicised, especially in the opening months of the war, relying on the Irish National Volunteers and Ulster Volunteer Force. While in GB ‘Pals’ units mobilised skilled working class and middle class recruits, remarkably few of these were formed in Ireland. British Dominion Forces contained many of those who could be considered Irish; however, very few, if any, of these men were recruited in Ireland itself. British recruiting propaganda remained amateurish until the Summer of 1918.

‘The crowd would have it that I was a hero’: populism, New Humour and the male clerk in Marsh’s Sam Briggs adventures

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mackenzie Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
First World War ◽  
Literary Marketplace ◽  
World War ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
Suburban Sprawl ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Economic Position ◽  
First World

This chapter situates the adventures of Marsh’s male clerk Sam Briggs (1904–1915) within the context of the ‘New Humour’ of the late-Victorian and Edwardian periods, in order to explore the intersections between populism, comedy and mass readership at the turn of the twentieth century. Specifically, the chapter examines how Marsh tapped into the burgeoning lower-middle-class literary marketplace by deploying slapstick, satire and farce to interrogate some of the most pressing issues of his day, including the expansion of London and the effects of suburban sprawl, the ambiguous social and economic position of the male clerk, the crisis in masculinity, the contentious debates about evolution and degeneration, the rapid advancements in industry and technology and the profound consequences of the First World War.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Bland ◽  
Richard Carr
Keyword(s):  
Doctoral Students ◽  
General Public ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Local Labour ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World

As politicians and the general public alike debate the meaning of the First World War in the context of recent centennial anniversaries, this volume contributes to the discussion over what the conflict meant for various facets of British radicalism, broadly interpreted. The book emerges from a public conference held at Anglia Ruskin University in Cambridge on 3 May 2014, which saw papers from academics and archivists, and was attended by a divergent range of people from local Labour activists to doctoral students. The discussions seen at this event explored various social, economic and political themes related to Britain’s path between 1914 and 1918 – and thus this book crosses over a number of historiographical debates too. The aim with the following introduction is not to provide a sweeping discussion of all facets of this work, but to draw out the relevant key themes and discussion points....

Race, Nationality, and Citizenship

2021 ◽  
pp. 151-178
Author(s):  
Vanda Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
First World War ◽  
Military Occupation ◽  
Nation State ◽  
World War ◽  
Race Theory ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
New Nation ◽  
First World

As a relatively new nation-state, which considered itself to be territorially incomplete, Italy faced a challenge in defining Italian identity. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, italianità—Italianness—became understood in increasingly racialized terms. Eugenics thrived in Italy and race theory underpinned attitudes not only to colonialism and colonial subjects but also to the conduct of war, among the general public and particularly in military circles. The results can clearly be seen in the conduct of the Italian army in Libya, both in 1911–12 and during the First World War, and in Italy’s treatment of Slav and German civilians under military occupation. Racial definitions of italianità also shaped attitudes to the rights, duties, and delimitation of Italian citizenship, especially under the pressures of war.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document