Improving website accessibility for people with early-stage dementia: A preliminary investigation

2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 442-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ed Freeman ◽  
Linda Clare ◽  
Nada Savitch ◽  
Lindsay Royan ◽  
Rachael Litherland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Preliminary Investigation

Preliminary investigation on the use of low current pulsed power Z-pinch plasma devices for the study of early stage plasma instabilities

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 014031 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Kaselouris ◽  
V Dimitriou ◽  
I Fitilis ◽  
A Skoulakis ◽  
G Koundourakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Pulsed Power ◽  
Plasma Instabilities ◽  
Pinch Plasma ◽  
Z Pinch

Investigation of mammary blood flow changes by transrectal colour Doppler sonography in anEscherichia colimastitis model

2010 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Potapow ◽  
Carola Sauter-Louis ◽  
Sandra Schmauder ◽  
Jutta Friker ◽  
Cordula Poulsen Nautrup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Doppler Sonography ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Colour Doppler Sonography ◽  
Colour Doppler ◽  
Flow Changes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

The objectives of this preliminary investigation were to evaluate the feasibility of transrectal colour Doppler sonography (TCDS) for determining blood flow of the pudendoepigastric trunk in cows with experimentally inducedEscherichia coliMastitis. Five primiparous Holstein dairy cows, 4–6 months after calving, were examined in two trials. All monitored udder quarters were initially clinically healthy, somatic cell count (SCC) was <50 000 cells/ml and bacteriologically negative. The blood flow of the left and the right pudendoepigastric trunk was described by the blood flow volume (BFV). In the methodological part of the study, the intra-observer precision of the method was evaluated. The coefficients of variation of the BFV were 7·1% for the left and 9·4% for the right pudendoepigastric trunk. The intraclass correlation coefficients of the BFV were 0·99 (P<0·001) for the left and 0·75 (P=0·004) for the right vessel. BFV did not differ significantly between the left and the right side nor between pre- and post-milking nor between oestrus and dioestrus. In the experimental part of the study, significant differences of increasing BFV between 0 and 12 h p.i. (post infectionem) (P=0·043) and decreasing BFV between 12 and 24 h p.i. (P=0·043) were discovered for the pudendoepigastric trunk of the infected right side. In the left-right (control-infection) comparison a significant increase of the right BFV was observed at 12 h p.i. (P=0·043). The difference of an increasing SCC correlated positively with the difference of an increasing BFV between 0 and 12 h p.i. (Spearman's ρ=1·00;P=0·043) for the right infected side. It was shown that TCDS is a reproducible technique for investigating pathological mammary blood flow changes at an early stage of acute mastitis.

scholarly journals The bronchial vascular system in the dog

1931 ◽  
Vol 109 (762) ◽  
pp. 214-228 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular System ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Bronchial Tree ◽  
Bronchial Arteries ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
Chief Interest ◽  
The Moment

The distribution of the bronchial arteries (the vasa nutritia of Reisseissen) within the lung has been investigated by many anatomists but, beyond our knowledge that they are nutritional vessels to the bronchial tree (Reisseissen and Sömmering, 1808; Reisseissen, 1808, 1822 ; Luschka, 1863; Königstein, 1903), little is known of their significance for the maintenance of the normal functions of the lungs. At the moment their chief interest lies in the number of reports describing the changes in the bronchial blood vessels resulting from interference with the pulmonary vascular system and from lesions in the lungs. Two years ago Professor E. B. Verney and one of us (I. de B. D.) were conducting experiments in this laboratory which involved the separation of the pulmonary from the systemic circulation in the dog, the two systems being perfused by separate pumps. In one experiment it appeared that blood was being transferred from the aorta to the left auricle through the bronchial vascular system. It became desirable, therefore, to inquire into the conditions which govern the bronchial blood supply. At an early stage in this inquiry it was evident that, owing to the variations in the origin of the bronchial arteries, a study of the gross and minute anatomy of the bronchial vascular system in each perfusion experiment would be necessary if anything approaching a correct interpretation of our results was to be expected. As a preliminary investigation to our perfusion experiments, we have examined the bronchial vascular system in a number of animals and the results form the subject of this paper. In it are also incorporated the anatomical findings on the perfused lungs used for physiological investigations. We have concentrated our efforts on two main issues: the first, the arrangement of the bronchial arteries and veins with a view to setting up apparatus for perfusion of the bronchial arteries and the collection of the blood from the bronchial veins ; the second, an enquiry into possible arterial and venous communications between the bronchial and pulmonary vascular systems. It is clear that if arterial anastomotic channels exist between the two systems it will not be possible to separate completely the arterial blood of each.

scholarly journals Preliminary investigation of the effects of an FCF inhibitor interference with Septin in the early stage embryos in mice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao‑Qin Ge ◽  
Yin‑Ling Wu ◽  
Jin‑Liang Zhu ◽  
Yuan Tian ◽  
Shu‑Song Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Preliminary Investigation

La portada del corregidor

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre de Macêdo Wahrhaftig
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
Preliminary Examination ◽  
Restoration Work ◽  
Stone Material ◽  
Set Up ◽  
High Degree

This is a preliminary examination related to a portal faced of a public building in the city of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, carved in the mid-sixteenth century, of rich lines and architectural symbols characteristic of the Renaissance early stage. It was set up in ashlars, of chemical composition and granulometry that gave to it the classification of toba basaltic volcanic, compact granular, reddish in colour. Its high chemical resistance was not able to withstand the 450 years of exposure and at the time of diagnosis its surface had a high degree of dirt adhered and a profound loss of material by disaggregation and breakdowns, what had partially destroyed valuable elements of its characterization. This preliminary investigation fell exclusively on the stone material that composed the faced, although could be observed other elements like roof tile in the ceiling, and carpentry on the window and door. For that reason, the focus of this work has been directed to the stylistic symbolism and diagnose of the main element, being restricted to the stonework, where was the essence of the centennial facade. Therefore, this previous analysis was performed objecting to prepare the base for a restoration work considering the archaeological line of thought, in order to retrieve and maintain its forms and volumes, working on fundamental architectural elements to rescue and ensure to future generations the true message that was exteriorized.

scholarly journals Zinc Content and Fruit Quality of Pecan as Affected by Application of Zinc Sulfate

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 1243-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruimin Huang ◽  
Chao Shen ◽  
Susu Wang ◽  
Zhengjia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Embryo Sac ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Mature Embryo ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Zn Nutrition ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Nut Production

Pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] is an important nut tree species, and Zn nutrition is critical for its growth and nut production. The aim of this study was to provide a perspective on Zn accumulation in pecan fruit over time and to determine the effects of Zn application on fruit quality. Two concentrations of ZnSO4 (0.4% and 1.6%) were sprayed onto the shuck or the nearest pair of leaflets. Purified water was sprayed similarly as the control. The results show that Zn application to the shuck and leaves increased the Zn concentration and content in embryos. The greater the concentration of the Zn solution sprayed, the greater the Zn concentration in the embryo. The greatest zinc concentration in the embryo was found during the early stage of embryo development. In the treatment during which 1.6% ZnSO4 was sprayed onto the shuck, the Zn concentration in the early embryo was 242.91 mg·kg–1, which was 2.2 times that of the control. Thereafter, embryo Zn concentration decreased gradually until maturity. The treatments could be ranked, from greatest Zn concentration in the mature embryo to least, as follows: 1.6% ZnSO4 on shuck (66.36 mg·kg–1) > 1.6% ZnSO4 on leaflets (64.28 mg·kg–1) > 0.4% ZnSO4 on leaflets (55.51 mg·kg–1) > 0.4% ZnSO4 on shuck (49.67 mg·kg–1) > control (47.34 mg·kg–1). A model was presented that showed Zn was transported from the shuck and leaves to the stalks through the conducting tissue, and then to the embryo through the embryo sac. The application of 0.4% ZnSO4 to the shuck resulted in the greatest oil content (74.05%), which was 10% greater than that in the control. Applications of 0.4% ZnSO4 to the shuck and leaflets resulted in a greater proportion of oleic acid (≈69%) and a lower proportion of linoleic acid (≈20%), palmitic acid (≈6.0%), and linolenic acid (≈1.1%). The results of this preliminary investigation are useful for exploring the mechanism of action for Zn on pecans.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Biomechanism of Impact Resistance in the Cat’s Paw Pad

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueqing Wu ◽  
Baoqing Pei ◽  
Yuyang Pei ◽  
Yan Hao ◽  
Kaiyuan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Biomechanical Study ◽  
Cylindrical Shape ◽  
Von Mises ◽  
The Impact

Cats are able to jump from a high-rise without any sign of injury, which is attributed in large part to their impact-resistant paw pads. The biomechanical study of paw pads may therefore contribute to improving the impact resistance of specific biomimetic materials. The present study is aimed at investigating the mechanics of the paw pads, revealing their impact-resistant biomechanism from macro- and microscopic perspectives. Histological and micro-CT scanning methods were exploited to analyze the microstructure of the pads, and mechanical testing was conducted to observe the macroscopic mechanical properties at different loading frequencies. Numerical micromodels of the ellipsoidal and cylindrical adipose compartments were developed to evaluate the mechanical functionality as compressive actions. The results show that the stiffness of the pad increases roughly in proportion to strain and mechanical properties are almost impervious to strain rate. Furthermore, the adipose compartment, which comprises adipose tissue enclosed within collagen septa, in the subcutaneous tissue presents an ellipsoid-like structure, with a decreasing area from the middle to the two ends. Additionally, the finite element results show that the ellipsoidal structure has larger displacement in the early stage of impact, which can absorb more energy and prevent instability at touchdown, while the cylindrical structure is more resistant to deformation. Moreover, the Von Mises of the ellipsoidal compartment decrease gradually from both ends to the middle, making it change to a cylindrical shape, and this may be the reason why the macroscopic stiffness increases with increasing time after contact. This preliminary investigation represents the basis for biomechanical interpretation and can accordingly provide new inspirations of shock-absorbing composite materials in engineering.

Surface ultrastructure of danazol treated rat endometrium: A SEM study

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 556-557
Author(s):  
R.P. Apkarian ◽  
J.S. Sanfilippo
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Breast Disease ◽  
Distal Segment ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Sprague Dawley

The synthetic androgen danazol, is an isoxazol derivative of ethisterone. It is utilized in the treatment of endometriosis, fibrocystic breast disease, and has a potential use as a contraceptive. A study was designed to evaluate the ultrastructural changes associated with danazol therapy in a rat model. The preliminary investigation of the distal segment of the rat uterine horn was undertaken as part of a larger study intended to elucidate the effects of danazol on the female reproductive tract.Cross-sections (2-3 mm in length) of the distal segment of the uterine horn from sixteen Sprague-Dawley rats were prepared for SEM. Ten rats in estrus served as controls and six danazol treated rats were noted to have alterations of the estrus cycle i.e. a lag in cycle phase or noncycling patterns. Specimens were fixed in 3% glutaraldehyde in 0.05M phosphate buffer containing CaCl2 at pH 7.0-7.4 and chilled to 4°C. After a brief wash in distilled water, specimens were passed through a graded series of ethanol, critical point dryed in CO2 from absolute ethanol, and coated with 6nm Au. Observations were made with an IS1-40 SEM operated at 15kV.

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