The relationship between profit-sharing schemes and R&D activities: evidence from German firm-level data

Empirical analyses that rely on micro-level panel data have found that exporters are generally less pollutant than non-exporters. While alternative explanations have been proposed, firm level data has not been used to examine the role of destination markets behind the relationship between exports and pollution. In this paper we argue that because consumers in high-income countries have higher valuations for clean environments than consumers in developing countries, exporters targeting high-income countries are more likely to improve their environmental outcomes than exporters targeting destinations where valuations for the environment are not high. Using a panel of firm-level data from Chile we find support to this hypothesis. A 10 percentage point increase in the share of exports to high-income countries is associated with a reduction in CO2 pollution intensity of about 16%. The results have important implications for firms in developing countries aiming to target high-income markets.

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Failing to Learn from Failure: How Optimism Impedes Entrepreneurial Innovation

Organization Science ◽

10.1287/orsc.2020.1359 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mario Daniele Amore ◽

Orsola Garofalo ◽

Victor Martin-Sanchez

Keyword(s):

Laboratory Experiment ◽

Task Performance ◽

Negative Feedback ◽

Dispositional Optimism ◽

Belief Updating ◽

Firm Level ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

Level Data ◽

Firm Level Data ◽

The Relationship

Extant research shows that entrepreneurs are typically overly optimistic about their ventures’ prospects and that such optimism hampers performance. We analyze how dispositional optimism affects the adjustments to entrepreneurs’ expectations after they receive negative feedback on their task performance. We then explore the relationship between optimism and the effectiveness of innovation. Exploiting unique firm-level data and a laboratory experiment involving 205 entrepreneurs, we find that dispositional optimism is negatively associated with both the likelihood and extent of belief updating in response to negative feedback. Furthermore, dispositional optimism triggers a discrepancy—between innovation inputs and outputs—that reduces a firm’s innovation effectiveness.

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Diagnosing cluster competitiveness using firm-level data in the profit—growth nexus framework

Acta Oeconomica ◽

10.1556/032.2016.66.3.4 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 66 (3) ◽

pp. 439-463 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Áron Perényi

Keyword(s):

Firm Level ◽

Robust Solution ◽

Level Data ◽

Two Samples ◽

Firm Level Data ◽

Using Data ◽

The Relationship ◽

Comparative Examination ◽

Cluster Level ◽

Profit Growth

Competitiveness is defined at the level of firms, clusters, regions, and nations. Although researchers have extensively explored the concept of competitiveness in each of these respective categories, an understanding of the relationship between levels of competitiveness is lacking. The simple aggregation of indicators to approximate broader categories of competitiveness is challenged as a robust solution. This paper proposes an alternative solution to aggregating firm-level competitiveness, based on the profit—growth nexus. Using data collected from SMEs in two ICT clusters, the size— profit—growth relationships were tested. Based on 83 Hungarian and 71 Australian responses, positive relationships were found in both samples, demonstrating high cluster-level competitiveness. It is argued that this outcome better represents cluster-level competitiveness based on firm-level data, than other — linear and additive — aggregation methods. However, a comparative examination of the data across the clusters showed significant differences between the results of the two samples, ascertaining limitations for the generalisability of the results.

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Determinants and effects of foreign direct investment: evidence from German firm-level data

Economic Policy ◽

10.1111/j.1468-0327.2005.00133.x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 20 (41) ◽

pp. 52-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 72

Author(s):

C. M. Buch ◽

J. Kleinert ◽

A. Lipponer ◽

F. Toubal ◽

R. Baldwin

Keyword(s):

Foreign Direct Investment ◽

Direct Investment ◽

German Firm ◽

Firm Level ◽

Level Data ◽

Firm Level Data

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THE PREVALENCE OF PERFORMANCE-RELATED PAY: A 23-COUNTRY EXAMINATION

ISPEC International Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities ◽

10.46291/ispecijsshvol4iss2pp111-128 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 111-128

Author(s):

Fulya AYDINLI KULAK ◽

Sevgi ELMAS ATAY

Keyword(s):

Organizational Performance ◽

Pay For Performance ◽

Profit Sharing ◽

Comparable Data ◽

Firm Level ◽

Level Data ◽

Firm Level Data ◽

Variable Pay ◽

Country Clusters

This study intends to determine the current situation regarding the prevalence of pay for performance systems established for managers. Examining performance-related pay, we focus on individual, team and organizational performance and explore how widespread several pay components are in 23 countries. The research consists of the firm-level data of 5217 large companies from 23 countries from the Cranfield Network on Comparative Human Resource Management database. The data has been presented descriptively via frequencies and percentages and then analyzed via cluster analysis. In this way, diverging country clusters have been determined regarding the prevalence of pay for performance. Findings show that individual bonus is the most frequently used variable pay component provided to managers in general. Following that, paying for organizational performance is highly prevalent, whereas team-based bonuses are rarely used as a whole. On the other hand, long term incentives are rarely used except profit sharing. The results are descriptive in nature. This study addresses how widespread performance-related pay in various countries. Evidence regarding the use and prevalence of pay for performance systems across countries is quite limited. So this research, reflecting the current scene regarding variable pay in various countries, contributes to current literature by presenting recent comparable data.

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