Retrofitting isomerization process to increase gasoline quality and decrease CO2 emission along with energy analysis using Pinch Technology

In this work, a non-conventional distillation sequence with thermal coupling (Petlyuk Column) was presented as a technique to perform the separation of the NGL consist of ethane, propane, butane or other higher alkanes. The improvements were investigated through the energy analysis and remixing effect. From the result obtained, it was found that the Petlyuk arrangement consumes less amount of energy and able to reduce the remixing effects as compared to the conventional column sequencing. The Petlyuk arrangement saved about 44.49% and 12.83% in terms of cooling and heating duty, respectively. The overall annual energy saving shown by this arrangement is 39.22%. This arrangement proved to be able to prevent the remixing effect occurrence that contributes to thermal and separation inefficiency. The desired separation efficiency also obtained by this arrangement as all the product specifications are met. The ability in avoiding remixing effect by the Petlyuk column permits a significant reduction in CO2 emission with an average of 29.43 % of each equipment involved. Hence, it can be concluded that the Petlyuk arrangement model is a better alternative to be implemented in the NGL fractionation train.

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Energy analysis and CO2 emission evaluation of a solar hydrogen energy system for the transportation system in Japan—II. Evaluation of the system

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy ◽

10.1016/0360-3199(91)90074-s ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 16 (11) ◽

pp. 755-764

Author(s):

K HIRAOKA ◽

K WATANABE ◽

T MORISHITA ◽

M NOMURA ◽

S KAN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Co2 Emission ◽

Energy Analysis ◽

Energy System ◽

Transportation System ◽

Hydrogen Energy ◽

Solar Hydrogen

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Energy analysis and CO2 emission evaluation of a solar hydrogen energy system for the transportation system in Japan—I. Conceptual design of the system

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy ◽

10.1016/0360-3199(91)90088-z ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. 631-638

Author(s):

K HIRAOKA ◽

K WATANABE ◽

T MORISHITA ◽

M NOMURA ◽

S KAN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Conceptual Design ◽

Co2 Emission ◽

Energy Analysis ◽

Energy System ◽

Transportation System ◽

Hydrogen Energy ◽

Solar Hydrogen

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A General Method for Spectrometer Design in the Scoff Approximation

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100092657 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 34 ◽

pp. 538-539

Author(s):

J. R. Fields

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Transmission Electron Microscope ◽

Energy Analysis ◽

Incident Beam ◽

Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope ◽

Chemical Identification ◽

Scanning Transmission Electron ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Scanning Transmission ◽

General Method

The energy analysis of electrons scattered by a specimen in a scanning transmission electron microscope can improve contrast as well as aid in chemical identification. In so far as energy analysis is useful, one would like to be able to design a spectrometer which is tailored to his particular needs. In our own case, we require a spectrometer which will accept a parallel incident beam and which will focus the electrons in both the median and perpendicular planes. In addition, since we intend to follow the spectrometer by a detector array rather than a single energy selecting slit, we need as great a dispersion as possible. Therefore, we would like to follow our spectrometer by a magnifying lens. Consequently, the line along which electrons of varying energy are dispersed must be normal to the direction of the central ray at the spectrometer exit.

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EXELFS Studies of Carbon Fibers

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100133953 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 72-73

Author(s):

V. Serin ◽

K. Hssein ◽

G. Zanchi ◽

J. Sévely

Keyword(s):

Carbon Fibers ◽

Energy Analysis ◽

Electron Excitation ◽

Complex Structures ◽

High Modulus ◽

Promising Technique ◽

X Ray ◽

Fine Structures ◽

X Ray Absorption

The present developments of electron energy analysis in the microscopes by E.E.L.S. allow an accurate recording of the spectra and of their different complex structures associated with the inner shell electron excitation by the incident electrons (1). Among these structures, the Extended Energy Loss Fine Structures (EXELFS) are of particular interest. They are equivalent to the well known EXAFS oscillations in X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Due to the EELS characteristic, the Fourier analysis of EXELFS oscillations appears as a promising technique for the characterization of composite materials, the major constituents of which are low Z elements. Using EXELFS, we have developed a microstructural study of carbon fibers. This analysis concerns the carbon K edge, which appears in the spectra at 285 eV. The purpose of the paper is to compare the local short range order, determined by this way in the case of Courtauld HTS and P100 ex-polyacrylonitrile carbon fibers, which are high tensile strength (HTS) and high modulus (HM) fibers respectively.

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A Fault Detection Approach Based on Sound Signal Analysis for Equipment Monitoring

International Journal of Scientific Research in Science Engineering and Technology ◽

10.32628/ijsrset207430 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 129-139

Author(s):

Weihai Sun ◽

Lemei Han

Keyword(s):

Fault Detection ◽

Signal Analysis ◽

Energy Analysis ◽

Detection Method ◽

Sound Signal ◽

Practical Significance ◽

Time Frequency ◽

Detection Approach ◽

Machine Fault ◽

Learning Data

Machine fault detection has great practical significance. Compared with the detection method that requires external sensors, the detection of machine fault by sound signal does not need to destroy its structure. The current popular audio-based fault detection often needs a lot of learning data and complex learning process, and needs the support of known fault database. The fault detection method based on audio proposed in this paper only needs to ensure that the machine works normally in the first second. Through the correlation coefficient calculation, energy analysis, EMD and other methods to carry out time-frequency analysis of the subsequent collected sound signals, we can detect whether the machine has fault.

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