Attenuation of vanillic acid toxicity by foliar application with indole-3-acetic acid in tomato seedlings

Indole-3-acetic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, and maleic hydrazide were applied as foliar sprays to 10-week-old sugarcane plants during initial studies of the interrelationships of growth-regulating materials with the sugar-metabolizing enzymes of sugarcane. Leaf samples were harvested at 1, 3, 9, and 27 days following treatment for sugar and enzyme assays. Sugar analyses were run for total ketoses, sucrose, fructose, and total reducing sugars, with glucose being determined by calculation. A series of acid phosphatase assays were conducted using as substrates the following compounds: ß-glycerophosphate, adenosinetriphosphate, uridine diphosphate glucose, glucose-1-phosphate, glucose-6-phosphate, fructose-6- phosphate, fructose-1,6-diphosphate, and 3-phosphoglyceric acid. Additional enzymes included invertase, amylase, hexokinase, phosphohexose isomerase, aldolase, triosephosphate dehydrogenase, phosphoglyceryl kinase, condensing enzyme, isocitric acid dehydrogenase, transaminase, peroxidase, and glucose oxidase. All enzyme preparations consisted of dialyzed water-soluble protein extracted from freeze-dried leaf tissue and precipitated with ammonium sulfate between 35 and 95 percent of saturation.

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Indole-3-Acetic Acid and Humic Acid Increase the Bio-Degradation of Diesel Oil in Soil Polluted with Pb and Cd

Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development ◽

10.18502/jehsd.v6i2.6541 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Amir Hossein Baghaie

Keyword(s):

Plant Physiology ◽

Acetic Acid ◽

Humic Acid ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Organic Amendments ◽

Diesel Oil ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Introduction: Soil remediation is one of the most important fields in environmental studies. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and humic acid (HA) on increasing the bio-degradation of diesel oil in soil polluted with (lead) Pb and cadmium (Cd). Materials and Methods: Treatments included foliar application of IAA (0 (control) and 30 ppm) and soil application of HA (0 (control) and 200 mg/kg soil) in the soil contaminated with Cd (0 (control), 10 and 15 mg/kg soil), Pb (0 (control) and 1600 mg/kg soil), and diesel oil (0 (control), and 8% (W/W)). The sunflower was planted in all soil samples. The plants were harvested after 70 days and Pb and Cd concentrations of plants were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Results: Foliar application of IAA at the rate of 30 mg/l significantly increased the Cd and Pb phytoremediation by 14.8% and 13.4%, respectively. For HA application, it was increased by 11.3% and 10.2%, respectively. A significant increase was found in degradation percentage of diesel oil in soil by 12.6%, when the soil was treated with 200 mg HA/kg soil. Conclusion: It can be concluded that application of organic amendments such as IAA or HA can be a suitable way for increasing plant growth and increasing plant phytoremediation efficiency, especially in the soil contaminated with diesel oil. However, the phytoremediation efficiency is dependent on the plant physiology and the type of soil pollution that should be considered.

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