Soybean Callus—A Potential Source of Tocopherols

In vitro cultures have been used as an effective means to achieve a high level of secondary metabolites in various plants, including soy. In this study, the contents of α-, γ-, and δ- tocopherol were quantified in soybean callus, and their amounts were compared to those of soybeans cultivated using the conventional tillage system with three weed controls (respectively without herbicide and with two variants of herbicide). Soybean callus was produced using Murashige and Skoog 1962 (MS) medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0. 1 mg/L Thidiazuron (TDZ). The highest amount of fresh callus was obtained from soybeans from the conventional tillage system with second weed control (S-metolachlor 960 g/L, imazamox 40 g/L, and propaquizafop 100 g/L) respectively 13,652.4 ± 1177.62 mg. The analyzed tocopherols were in much higher content in soy dry callus than the soybean seeds (5.63 µg/g compared with the 0.35 α-toco in soybean, 47.57 µg/g compared with 18.71 µg/g γ-toco or, 5.56 µg/g compared with 1.74 µg/g β-toco). The highest content of the three analyzed tocopherols was γ -tocopherol, both in callus and soybeans. Furthermore, the data showed that herbicides used in soybean culture significantly influenced both the in vitro callus production and the tocopherol callus content (p ˂ 0.05). Altogether, soybean callus can be an important source of tocopherols, and herbicides significantly influence in vitro callus production and the tocopherol callus content.

Respon Pemberian Hormon 2,4-D dan BAP terhadap Pertumbuhan Subkultur Kalus Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) secara In Vitro

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the response of administration of a combination of 2,4-D and BAP on the growth of soybean callus subculture and determine the combination of 2,4-D and BAP most good for the growth of soybean callus subculture. The study design used completely randomized design (CRD) with a pattern factorials. The factor one e.i 2,4-D consists of 4 levels, namely: 0, 5, 10, and 15 ppm. A factor of 2 e.i BAP consists of 4 levels, namely: 0, 2, 4, dan 6 ppm. Every combination treatment repeated three times. Parameters measured include the percentage is growing callus, type of callus, dry weight and wet weight of soybean callus. The results showed that administration of the hormone 2,4-D and BAP can spur the growth of soybean callus subculture, the combination of BAP 2 ppm and 10 ppm of 2,4-D is the best combination for a percentage of callus and growing callus types, whereas the wet weight and the weight dried callus is not driven by a combination of the hormone 2,4-D and BAP