Differential Glycosylation of Tractin and LeechCAM, Two Novel Ig Superfamily Members, Regulates Neurite Extension and Fascicle Formation

By immunoaffinity purification with the mAb Lan3-2, we have identified two novel Ig superfamily members, Tractin and LeechCAM. LeechCAM is an NCAM/FasII/ApCAM homologue, whereas Tractin is a cleaved protein with several unique features that include a PG/YG repeat domain that may be part of or interact with the extracellular matrix. Tractin and LeechCAM are widely expressed neural proteins that are differentially glycosylated in sets and subsets of peripheral sensory neurons that form specific fascicles in the central nervous system. In vivo antibody perturbation of the Lan3-2 glycoepitope demonstrates that it can selectively regulate extension of neurites and filopodia. Thus, these experiments provide evidence that differential glycosylation can confer functional diversity and specificity to widely expressed neural proteins.

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The organization of the atrial nervous system of amphioxus ( Branchiostoma lanceolatum (Pallas))

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rstb.1961.0002 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 243 (704) ◽

pp. 241-269 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Sensory Neurons ◽

Dorsal Root ◽

Sensory Cell ◽

Branchiostoma Lanceolatum ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Feeding Process ◽

The Cross ◽

Peripheral Sensory

The Acrania possess an histologically complex peripheral nervous system, the atrial nervous system, lying just under the epithelium lining the atrium and covering the various organs within it. The system contains both sensory and motor components, and is especially rich in peripheral sensory cell bodies. It is in connexion with the central nervous system by way of the dorsal root nerves. Most of the motor axons entering the system pass to the cross-striated pterygial muscle flooring the atrium, others pass to the cross-striated trapezius muscles, and there is also a large ciliarymotor component, which controls the action of the lateral ciliary tracts of the gill bars. Unipolar sensory neurons are abundant upon the surface of the pterygial muscle, and are also found upon the parietal walls of the atrium. Multipolar sensory neurons are abundant upon the foregut and its diverticulum. The hindgut (outside the atrium) is more sparsely innervated, but occasional multipolar sensory neurons occur there. The multipolar neurons of the foregut and diverticulum appear to be in connexion one with another asynaptically, but their axons pass to the central nervous system. Similar sensory neurons of several types are found in the richly innervated atrio-coelomic funnels. The function of the atrial nervous system is not yet entirely understood, but it is probable that it is mainly concerned with the regulation of the feeding process, and with spawning. It is concluded that the system is not evidently homologous with the ‘sympathetic’ systems of the craniates, and that it is unwise at present to attempt to homologize the visceral nervous systems of the two groups.

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Glucuronyl 3-sulfate occurs exclusively on distal unmyelinated terminals of selected sensory neurons in the peripheral nervous system

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100141160 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 958-959

Author(s):

S.S. Spicer ◽

B.A. Schulte

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Cerebral Cortex ◽

Peripheral Nervous System ◽

Sensory Neurons ◽

Sensory Nerves ◽

Tissue Antigens ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

The Brain ◽

Leu 7

Generation of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against tissue antigens has yielded several (VC1.1, HNK- 1, L2, 4F4 and anti-leu 7) which recognize the unique sugar epitope, glucuronyl 3-sulfate (Glc A3- SO4). In the central nervous system, these MAbs have demonstrated Glc A3-SO4 at the surface of neurons in the cerebral cortex, the cerebellum, the retina and other widespread regions of the brain.Here we describe the distribution of Glc A3-SO4 in the peripheral nervous system as determined by immunostaining with a MAb (VC 1.1) developed against antigen in the cat visual cortex. Outside the central nervous system, immunoreactivity was observed only in peripheral terminals of selected sensory nerves conducting transduction signals for touch, hearing, balance and taste. On the glassy membrane of the sinus hair in murine nasal skin, just deep to the ringwurt, VC 1.1 delineated an intensely stained, plaque-like area (Fig. 1). This previously unrecognized structure of the nasal vibrissae presumably serves as a tactile end organ and to our knowledge is not demonstrable by means other than its selective immunopositivity with VC1.1 and its appearance as a densely fibrillar area in H&E stained sections.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Distinct and nonredundant in vivo functions of IFNAR on myeloid cells limit autoimmunity in the central nervous system.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1108807.567147 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Murali Ramanathan

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Myeloid Cells ◽

The Central Nervous System

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Distinct and nonredundant in vivo functions of IFNAR on myeloid cells limit autoimmunity in the central nervous system.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1108807.565335 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Reinhard Hohlfeld

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Myeloid Cells ◽

The Central Nervous System

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Real-time in vivo imaging of fungal migration to the central nervous system.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.717957672.793462077 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Stéphane Bretagne ◽

Alexandre Alanio

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Real Time ◽

In Vivo Imaging ◽

The Central Nervous System

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Plant Species of Sub-Family Valerianaceae—A Review on Its Effect on the Central Nervous System

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10050846 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 846

Author(s):

Gitishree Das ◽

Han-Seung Shin ◽

Rosa Tundis ◽

Sandra Gonçalves ◽

Ourlad Alzeus G. Tantengco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Plant Species ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Biological Properties ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Food Species ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Preclinical And Clinical Studies

Valerianaceae, the sub-family of Caprifoliaceae, contains more than 300 species of annual and perennial herbs, worldwide distributed. Several species are used for their biological properties while some are used as food. Species from the genus Valeriana have been used for their antispasmodic, relaxing, and sedative properties, which have been mainly attributed to the presence of valepotriates, borneol derivatives, and isovalerenic acid. Among this genus, the most common and employed species is Valerianaofficinalis. Although valerian has been traditionally used as a mild sedative, research results are still controversial regarding the role of the different active compounds, the herbal preparations, and the dosage used. The present review is designed to summarize and critically describe the current knowledge on the different plant species belonging to Valerianaceae, their phytochemicals, their uses in the treatment of different diseases with particular emphasis on the effects on the central nervous system. The available information on this sub-family was collected from scientific databases up until year 2020. The following electronic databases were used: PubMed, Scopus, Sci Finder, Web of Science, Science Direct, NCBI, and Google Scholar. The search terms used for this review included Valerianaceae, Valeriana, Centranthus, Fedia, Patrinia, Nardostachys, Plectritis, and Valerianella, phytochemical composition, in vivo studies, Central Nervous System, neuroprotective, antidepressant, antinociceptive, anxiolytic, anxiety, preclinical and clinical studies.

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A radiotracer method for the measurement of central nervous system catecholamines in vivo

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/y78-085 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 535-538 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

S. W. Tang ◽

H. C. Stancer ◽

J. J. Warsh

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Animal Model ◽

Nervous System ◽

Specific Activity ◽

Brain Catecholamines ◽

Radiotracer Method ◽

New Strategy ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

6 Hydroxydopamine

A new strategy for measurement of brain catecholamines was tested in an animal model. [3H]Norepinephrine was infused intravenously in rabbits to label the peripheral norepinephrine pools. The specific activity of urinary 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelic acid was consistently higher than that for 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG). Central sympathectomy with 6-hydroxydopamine abolished this difference. Using the formula we propose, it is estimated that 30–50% of urinary MHPG originates from the central nervous system.

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