scholarly journals DISTRIBUTION OF A CROSS-REACTIVE IDIOTYPIC SPECIFICITY IN INBRED STRAINS OF MICE

1973 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
pp. 855-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura L. Pawlak ◽  
Alfred Nisonoff
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Chain ◽  
Parental Strain ◽  
Inbred Strains ◽  
The Other ◽  
Congenic Mice ◽  
Congenic Strains ◽  
Inbred Strains Of Mice ◽  
F1 Progeny ◽  
The Cross

The expression of an idiotype characteristic of anti-p-azophenylarsonate antibodies of all A/J mice was explored in F1 progeny, in other inbred strains, and in congenic mice. Of the strains tested only those closely related to A/J produced antibodies with the cross-reactive idiotype (CRI). None of the mice synthesized intermediate levels of CRI. No relationship between H-2 type and idiotype was noted. Congenic mice with a strain A background but a different H-2 type produced CRI in amounts quantitatively equivalent to those of strain A mice. Conversely, the presence of the H-2 genotype of strain A on an unrelated background was not associated with the formation of CRI. Nearly all F1 progeny of strain A mice formed CRI, indicating that failure of the other (non-A) parental strain to produce CRI is not attributable to the presence of a gene controlling the synthesis of a suppressor of CRI. NZB mice, which have the same heavy chain allotype as strain A, but are unrelated in origin, failed to produce CRI, although allotype has been shown to be linked to idiotype in congenic strains.

scholarly journals Hydronephrosis in inbred strains of mice with particular reference to the BRVR strain

1973 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Taylor ◽  
H. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Mouse ◽  
Inbred Strains ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Inbred Mouse Strains ◽  
Concomitant Infection ◽  
Inbred Strains Of Mice ◽  
Dietary Variation

Hydronephrosis occurred in 6 of the 13 inbred mouse strains maintained in the same colony. Its incidence was high only in the BRVR strain, where about half of the cases could only be detected microscopically. There was no concomitant infection even in severely abnormal BRVR kidneys and the incidence of the condition was not influenced by dietary variation. The hydronephrosis found, less frequently, in 5 of the other strains was of a different type from that in BRVR mice.

scholarly journals The susceptibility to cortisone-induced cleft palate of recombinant inbred strains of mice: lack of association with the H-2 haplotype

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vekemans ◽  
B. A. Taylor ◽  
F. C. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Recombinant Inbred ◽  
Inbred Strains ◽  
Chromosome 17 ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Strains ◽  
Chromosome 5 ◽  
Major Locus ◽  
Inbred Strains Of Mice ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Different Strains

SUMMARYRecombinant-inbred (RI) strains of mice derived from the cross of strains C57BL/6J and DBA/2J were used to study the inheritance of susceptibility to cortisone-induced cleft palate. Most of the RI strains could be classified as either resistant, like C57BL/6J, or susceptible, like DBA/2J, suggesting the segregation of a major locus. An association with the phosphoglucomutase-1 locus (Pgm-1) on Chromosome 5 was observed. There was no association with the H-2 locus on Chromosome 17 as had been reported in previous studies utilizing different strains. We conclude that susceptibility to cortisone-induced cleft palate may be determined by different loci depending on the strains studied.

Relation Between Body Fat and Glycogen Levels of Inbred Strains of Mice

1958 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 681-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Lyon
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Muscle Glycogen ◽  
Inbred Strains ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Animals ◽  
Inverse Relation ◽  
Inbred Strains Of Mice ◽  
Fat Stores ◽  
Genetically Determined ◽  
Old Mice

Previous studies suggested that an inverse relation existed between concentrations of body fat and muscle glycogen among inbred strains of mice. Of six strains, one, the I strain, was resistant to obesity, and the levels of muscle glycogen were 3–6 times greater than those of the other five strains. Because the tentative proposal was based on data from only one lean strain, mice of the DBA strain were studied as another possible lean strain. Although small animals, sublines 1 and 2 of this strain became obese when fed a 50% fat diet, and the levels of muscle glycogen were in the range of the other five obese strains. It was also found that concentrations of body fat up to 25% could be induced in 4–5-month-old mice of the I strain, and by dietary means alone. The concentrations of muscle glucogen in these mice were not lower than those of I strain mice exhibiting concentrations of body fat of 11%. It was concluded, therefore, that an inverse relation between carbohydrate and fat stores does not exist among inbred strains of mice. The unusually high levels of muscle glycogen in the I strain appear to be unique, and are most likely genetically determined.

Sexual Behavior in Three Inbred Strains of Mice

Behaviour ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. McGill
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Inbred Strains ◽  
The Other ◽  
Behavioral Differences ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Inbred Strains Of Mice ◽  
Physiological Studies

AbstractThe sexual behavior of three inbred strains of mice was studied. Sixteen different behavioral measures were scored; twelve of these sixteen measures revealed statistically significant behavioral differences. The results were as follows: I. C57BL males are characterized by speed. They gain intromission sooner, spend less time between intromissions, and ejaculate sooner than do the other two strains. 2. DBA/2 males show significantly longer intromission latencies, interintromissior. intervals, preintromission mount durations, and mounts than do the C57BL and BALB/c males. DBA/2 males ejaculate with fewer intromissions and thrusts than the other two strains. 3. BALB/c males require the longest time (over one hour), the greatest number of intromissions, and the greatest number of thrusts prior to ejaculation. The sexual behavior of the inbred strains of mice was compared to the sexual behavior of the rat, hamster, and guinea pig. Mention was made of the possibility for genitical and physiological studies of the behavioral differences.

scholarly journals Strain variation in spermatozoal β-glucuronidase in mice

1976 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert P. Erickson
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Strains ◽  
Strain Variation ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Glucuronidase Activity ◽  
Inbred Strains Of Mice ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Difference

SUMMARYVariation in spermatozoal β-glucuronidase levels of inbred strains of mice was found to parallel the known variation usually studied in liver with one outstanding exception: BALB/cJ spermatozoa, but not other tissues, showed an anomalously low level. This difference in spermatozoal β-glucuronidase activity was studied in hybrids and backcrosses but the data did not establish the number of loci affecting the difference. The levels of β-glucuronidase in F1's between C3H/HeJ and A/J depended markedly on the sex direction of the cross.

scholarly journals Genetics of plasma transferrins in the mouse

1960 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Inbred Strains ◽  
The Other ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Widespread Distribution ◽  
Agouti Locus ◽  
Inbred Strains Of Mice ◽  
Starch Gel

1. The plasma proteins of six inbred strains of mice have been studied, using starch-gel electrophoresis.2. The existence of two alternative plasma transferrin (β-globulin) phenotypes has been demonstrated. Five of the strains have one of these and one strain has the other. Each of the two transferrin patterns comprises three (or possibly only two) electrophoretic bands. The two patterns differ in all of these bands.3. The two transferrin types recognized are determined by a pair of allelic, autosomal genes (designated TrfA and TrfB). The TrfA phenotype (CBA strain) is determined by the genotype TrfA/TrfA, and the TrfB phenotype (A, C57BL, JU, KL, RIII strains) by the genotype TrfB/TrfB. The phenotype TrfAB, of the heterozygote (genotype TrfA/TrfB), is distinguishable and shows four (or possibly only three) bands. In this way it closely resembles a mixture of equal parts of TrfA and TrfB plasma.4. No linkage was detected between the Trf locus and sex, the agouti locus or the haemoglobin locus.5. The possible molecular basis of the action of the transferrin alleles in the mouse, and the widespread distribution in mammals of polymorphism involving the transferrins, are discussed.

The inheritance of responses to schistosomiasis mansoni in two pairs of inbred strains of mice

Parasitology ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet T. Jones ◽  
J. R. Kusel
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Parental Strain ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Inbred Strains ◽  
Bimodal Distribution ◽  
Immunological Responses ◽  
Schistosomiasis Mansoni ◽  
Inbred Strains Of Mice ◽  
Hybrid Mice

Genetic differences in mice influence both the pathological and immunological responses to schistosomiasis mansoni. We have investigated the nature of the genetic factors influencing these responses by crossing two different pairs of strains of mice which vary in their response to infection, and measuring responses in the F1hybrid and backcross offspring. The two pairs of parental strains differed with respect to faecal egg excretion, accumulation of eggs in the tissues, splenomegaly and pattern of antibody response. The numbers of adult worms which establish do not differ between strains. The inheritance of the responses measured was different in the two pairs of strains. The F1hybrid from the C57BL/6/Ol/a /c cross resembled the low-responding parental strain (CBA/Ca) with respect to faecal egg excretion, accumulation of eggs in the tissues and splenomegaly, and was intermediate in its pattern of antibody response. The F1hybrid mice from the NIH /Ca cross resembled the high-responding strain (CBA/Ca) with respect to faecal egg excretion, accumulation of eggs in the tissues and splenomegaly, and had an earlier and greater antibody response than either parental strain. No evidence of single gene influence on any of these responses was seen in the backcross offspring. The differing patterns of inheritance and the absence of a bimodal distribution of responses in the backcross offspring indicate that each of these responses is influenced by multiple genes. The pattern of antibody response did not correlate between strains with any of the pathological res The positive correlation of egg accumulation in the tissues and faecal egg excretion suggests that there are genetic influences on the fecundity of the worms.

Thyroidal Iodine Metabolism in Inbred and F1 Hybrid Mice

1957 ◽  
Vol 188 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Chai ◽  
A. Amin ◽  
E. P. Reineke
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Strain Differences ◽  
Inbred Strains ◽  
The Other ◽  
Output Rate ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Inbred Strains Of Mice ◽  
Iodine Metabolism ◽  
Hybrid Mice

Thyroidal iodine metabolism was studied in four inbred strains of mice and two groups of F1 hybrids by use of radioiodine. Significant strain differences were found in both the 48-hour thyroidal retention of I131 and its output rate constant. Three closely related groups studied were C57BL/6, C57BR/cd and BBF1, their F1 hybrid. The other three groups included A/Jax, BALB/c and CAF1, their F1 hybrid. C57BL/6 mice had a significantly faster output rate and lower 48-hour I131 retention than any other group. The first three groups listed had a more rapid output rate and lower 48-hour retention than the last three. In intergroup comparisons and inverse relationship between I131 output rate and 48-hour retention was clearly shown. The results indicate that in mice pituitary TSH output, as indicated by thyroidal I131 output rate and thyroidal iodine pool size, is controlled by separate genetic factors.

scholarly journals Glucose Homeostasis and Tissue Transcript Content of Insulin Signaling Intermediates in Four Inbred Strains of Mice: C57BL/6, C57BLKS/6, DBA/2, and 129X1

Endocrinology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 145 (7) ◽  
pp. 3307-3323 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Joseph Goren ◽  
Rohit N. Kulkarni ◽  
C. Ronald Kahn
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Inbred Strains ◽  
The Other ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Inbred Strains Of Mice ◽  
First Phase Insulin Secretion

Abstract Transgenic mice phenotypes generally depend on the background strains used in their creation. To examine the effects of genetic background on insulin signaling, we analyzed glucose homeostasis in four inbred strains of mice [C57BL/6 (B6), C57BLKS/6 (KLS), DBA/2 (DBA), and 129X1] and quantitated mRNA content of insulin receptor (IR) and its substrates in insulin-responsive tissues. At 2 months, the male B6 mouse is the least glucose-tolerant despite exhibiting similar insulin sensitivity and first-phase insulin secretion as the other strains. The 129X1 male mouse islet contains less insulin and exhibits a higher threshold for glucose-stimulated first-phase insulin secretion than the other strains. Female mice generally manifest better glucose tolerance than males, which is likely due to greater insulin sensitivity in liver and adipose tissue, a robust first-phase insulin secretion in B6 and KLS females, and improved insulin sensitivity in muscle in DBA and 129X1 females. At 6 months, although males exhibit improved first-phase insulin secretion, their physiology was relatively unchanged, whereas female B6 and KLS mice became less insulin sensitive. Gene expression of insulin signaling intermediates in insulin-responsive tissues was generally not strain dependent with the cell content of IR mRNA being highest. IR substrate (IRS)-1 and IRS-2 mRNA are ubiquitously expressed and IRS-3 and IRS-4 mRNA were detected in significant amounts in fat and brain tissues, respectively. These data indicate strain-, gender-, and age-dependent tissue sensitivity to insulin that is generally not associated with transcript content of IR or its substrates and should be taken into consideration during phenotypic characterization of transgenic mice.

The growth of mice in a fluctuating temperature environment

1964 ◽  
Vol 160 (978) ◽  
pp. 137-148 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Inbred Strains ◽  
The Other ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Constant Heat ◽  
Fluctuating Temperature ◽  
Fluctuating Environment ◽  
Inbred Strains Of Mice ◽  
Temperature Environment

Two inbred strains of mice and the F 1 hybrid between them have been reared from 3 to 12 weeks of age in a fluctuating temperature environment. The environment was characterized by temperatures of 90 °F (d.b.) 85 °F (w.b.) and 70 °F (d.b.) 61 °F (w.b.) for the same length of time each day. Mathematical curves of the form y = a + br x have been fitted to body weight and tail length growth. It is shown that in both characters the hybrids display a greater adult size, a more rapid growth and a superior canalization of growth than the inbreds from which they were derived. When the growth in the fluctuating environment is compared with that, previously described, in corresponding constant temperature environments, i.e. either 90 °F (d.b.) 85 °F (w.b.) (heat) or 70 °F (d.b.) 61 °F (w.b.) (control) it is found that hybrid luxuriance is most manifest in constant heat. However, in these conditions, the inbreds tend to disperse their growth rate relatively more rapidly than they do in the other environments. It is also shown that growth in the fluctuating environment is not strictly intermediate between growth in the constant conditions, but much more closely resembles growth in the heat than in the control.

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