scholarly journals Human B-lymphocyte antigens expressed by lymphocytic and myelocytic leukemia cells. I. Detection by rabbit antisera.

1976 ◽  
Vol 144 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Billing ◽  
B Rafizadeh ◽  
I Drew ◽  
G Hartman ◽  
R Gale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
B Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Immunofluorescent Staining ◽  
Leukemia Cells ◽  
Acute Myelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Normal Peripheral Blood ◽  
Myelocytic Leukemia

A previously uncharacterized human B-lymphocyte antigen has been detected by rabbit antisera raised to papain digests of spleen cell membranes. The unabsorbed sera reacted in both cytotoxicity and immunofluorescent tests with normal B lymphocytes and cultured B-cell lines but not with normal T lymphocytes or cultured T-cell lines. The cytotoxicity titers against B cells were as high as 1:32,000, whereas the same sera undiluted were negative against T cells. By immunofluorescent staining 6-14% of unfractionated normal lymphocytes and 48-85% of B-rich lymphocyte preparations were positive. Normal peripheral blood granulocytes, platelets, erythrocytes, and phytohemagglutinin blasts were negative. The antisera reacted with the same high titers against leukemia cells from approximately 70% of the patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myelocytic leukemia, chronic myelocytic leukemia, and seven of eight cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. From absorption studies it appeared that the same antigen was being expressed by leukemia cells and normal B lymphocytes. Using immunofluorescent staining the anti-B-cell antisera were able to detect positive leukemia cells in the bone marrow of patients with advanced leukemia and to monitor the elimination of these cells after chemotherapy. Soluble B-cell antigen was found in the serum of some leukemia and lymphoma patients do but not in normal serum.

scholarly journals Influence of cytotoxicity enhancers in combination with human serum on the activity of CD22-recombinant ricin A against B cell lines, chronic and acute lymphocytic leukemia cells

Leukemia ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ van Horssen ◽  
YVJM van Oosterhout ◽  
S Evers ◽  
HHJ Backus ◽  
MGCT van Oijen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Leukemia Cells ◽  
Ricin A

Effects of Rituximab on JAK-STAT and NF-κB signaling pathways in acute lymphoblastic leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayşegül Dalmızrak ◽  
Nur Selvi Günel ◽  
Burçin Tezcanlı Kaymaz ◽  
Fahri Şahin ◽  
Güray Saydam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
B Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Protein Expressions ◽  
Apoptotic Effect

AbstractObjectivesRituximab is a monoclonal antibody that targets the B-lymphocyte surface antigen CD20. It is used in the treatment of some diseases including B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). There are a lot of data regarding effect of Rituximab on lymphoma cells. But, there is no satisfactory information about the effect of Rituximab on the signaling pathways in leukemia cells. In this study, it was aimed to understand the effect of Rituximab on JAK-STAT and NF-κB signaling pathways in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and B-CLL.Material and methodsApoptotic effect of Rituximab in the TANOUE (B-ALL) and EHEB (B-CLL) cell lines were evaluated by using the Annexin V method. mRNA expression levels of STAT3 and RelA were analysed by quantitative RT-PCR (Q-PCR). Alterations in STAT3 and RelA protein expressions were detected by using a chromogenic alkaline phosphatase assay after Western Blotting.ResultsRituximab had no apoptotic effect on both cell lines. Complement-mediated cytotoxicity was only detected in EHEB cells. mRNA and protein expressions of STAT3 and RelA genes were decreased following Rituximab treatment.ConclusionOur preliminary results suggest that the use of Rituximab might be effective in B-ALL though both signaling pathways.

scholarly journals bcl-2 gene hypomethylation and high-level expression in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Blood ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 1820-1828 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Hanada ◽  
D Delia ◽  
A Aiello ◽  
E Stadtmauer ◽  
JC Reed
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Gene Rearrangements ◽  
Normal Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Abstract The bcl-2 gene becomes transcriptionally deregulated in the majority of low-grade non-Hodgkin lymphomas as a result of t(14;18) translocations that place the bcl-2 gene at 18q21 into juxtaposition with the Ig heavy- chain locus at 14q32. This chromosomal translocation or similar bcl-2 gene rearrangements involving the Ig light-chain genes have been reported to occur in some cases of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). We analyzed the structure, methylation, and expression of the bcl-2 gene in 20 cases of B-CLL or closely related variants of this lymphoproliferative disorder, including at least 16 typical examples of CD5+ B-CLL. None of the 20 specimens had evidence of bcl-2 gene rearrangements, based on Southern blot analysis using three different bcl-2 probes. However, immunoblot analysis using antibodies specific for the Bcl-2 protein showed that 14 of 20 cases (70%) contained levels of p26-Bcl-2 that were equal to or greater than those found in a t(14;18)-bearing lymphoma cell line. Furthermore, in 19 of 20 cases (95%), the Bcl-2 protein was present at levels that were 1.7- to 25- fold higher than in normal peripheral blood lymphocytes. These differences in the relative levels of Bcl-2 protein among cases of B- CLL appeared to be functionally significant, in that a preliminary analysis of 3 representative cases showed that CLL cells with higher levels of Bcl-2 protein survived longer in culture and were delayed in their onset of DNA degradation relative to CLL cells with lower Bcl-2 protein levels. Evaluation of the methylation status of the bcl-2 gene using the isoschizomers Msp I and Hpa II, and a probe corresponding to the first major exon of the gene showed complete demethylation of both copies of the bcl-2 gene in a region corresponding to a 2.4-kb Msp I fragment in all 20 cases of B-CLL. In contrast, analysis of 6 of 6 B- cell lines that harbor a t(14;18) was consistent with hypomethylation of only one of the two bcl-2 alleles. Neither copy of the bcl-2 gene was demethylated in this region in 5 of 5 lymphoid cell lines that lack this translocation. However, hypomethylation of the bcl-2 gene did not necessarily correlate with the relative levels of Bcl-2 protein present in the B-CLL cells, suggesting that additional mechanisms for regulating bcl-2 expression are involved.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

scholarly journals Immunoglobulin secretory function of B cells from untreated patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and hypogammaglobulinemia: role of T cells

Blood ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 767-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
LA Fernandez ◽  
JM MacSween ◽  
GR Langley
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
B Cell ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Suppressor Activity ◽  
Normal Peripheral Blood

Abstract The mechanism of the hypogammaglobulinemia in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) was studied by determining the generation of specific immunoglobulin-secreting cells in response to mitogen and antigen stimulation in culture. Normal peripheral blood B lymphocytes from 18 normal subjects cocultured with equal numbers of autologous T cells generated cells secreting 2,542 +/- 695 IgG, 2,153 +/- 615 IgA, and 2,918 +/- 945 IgM. Normal B lymphocytes cocultured with normal allogeneic T cells generated similar numbers. However, B lymphocytes from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia cocultured with T cells from the same patient generated only 0.5% as many cells secreting IgG and 11% and 23% as many secreting IgA and IgM, respectively. The reason for this markedly defective generation of immunoglobulin-secreting cells was investigated by evaluating T-helper, T-suppressor, and B-cell function using B cells from tonsil and T and B cells from peripheral blood of normal and leukemic individuals. T cells from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia provided somewhat greater help than did normal T cells to normal peripheral blood B cells and normal help to tonsil B cells, whether stimulated with mitogen or antigen. T cells from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia did not demonstrate increased suppressor function compared to normals with B cells from normal peripheral blood. The hypogammaglobulinemia in these patients therefore was associated with a markedly defective generation of immunoglobulin secreting cells, and as there was normal or increased T- cell helper activity without excessive suppressor activity, it seems likely that this was due to an intrinsic B-cell defect.

scholarly journals Isolation and immunological characterization of a major surface glycoprotein (gp54) preferentially expressed on certain human B cells.

1979 ◽  
Vol 149 (6) ◽  
pp. 1424-1437 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Y Wang ◽  
S M Fu ◽  
H G Kunkel
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cytotoxicity Assay ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Immunofluorescent Staining ◽  
Single Individual

A major membrane glycoprotein with mol wt of approximately 54,000 has been isolated from membrane preparations of B-type lymphoid cell lines. Antiserum prepared against the isolated material specifically precipitated this glycoprotein from membranes labeled by surface radioiodination or by metabolic labeling. This antiserum was shown by complement-mediated cytotoxicity assay, membrane immunofluorescent staining, and by quantitative absorption analysis to react preferentially with certain B-lymphoblastoid cell lines, with a minor population of peripheral blood B lymphocytes, and a major population of tonsillar B lymphocytes. Certain B-cell leukemias also expressed the antigen, whereas others did not. Considerable variability was observed among positive B cells in the intensity of fluorescent staining even among the leukemic cells from a single individual. Although T cells, including T cells, were negative by direct immunofluorescent and cytotoxicity assay, evidence for low levels of the antigen on the cells of T cell lines was obtained. The whole specific antiserum and its F(ab')2 fragments stimulated B lymphocytes to proliferate. This proliferation did not produce differentiation to plasma cells and was T-cell independent. The monovalent Fab fragments had no effect. None of these preparations timulated T cells. The possibility that this antigen, termed gp54, may play some role in B-cell activation is discussed.

scholarly journals Frequency of monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis in relatives of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia

2016 ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Rossana Villegas Gracia ◽  
Catalina Franco Alzate ◽  
Javier Rendón Henao ◽  
José Domingo Torres Hernández ◽  
Patricia Elena Jaramillo Arbelaez
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
B Cell ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
B Lymphocyte ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patient ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Female Participant ◽  
Color Flow ◽  
The One

Introduction: Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis is a symptom free condition characterized by the circulation of small clonal population of B lymphocytes in peripheral blood (less than 5x109/L) expressing an immunophenotype similar to chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Different studies based on big hospital series have manifested a higher risk in subjects with monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis to progress to a chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The behavior of this hematologic entity is unknown therefore its frequency in sporadic chronic lymphocytic leukemia patient relatives was determined. Methods: Transversal descriptive study, 8 color flow cytometry was performed using two of the tubes of the Euro Flow recommended panel, with modifications, for the diagnose of chronic lymphoproliferative disorders of B lymphocytes; besides, a fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed. univariate and bivariate analyses of the information were performed. Results: Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis frequency found in 51 analyzed relatives was 2%, it was a female participant, 59 years old, with a total leukocyte count of 7.7x109/L and a B lymphocyte count of 0.124x109/L; from these, 0.04x109/L were clonal cells with restrictions of the kappa light chain. Rearrangements of the IGH gene (14q32) were found. Conclusion: Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis was detected in one relative of a patient with sporadic chronic lymphocytic leukemia in a frequency similar to the one reported in general population.

scholarly journals The expression of myeloid-specific antigens on myeloid leukemia cells: correlations with leukemia subclasses and implications for normal myeloid differentiation

Blood ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 456-463
Author(s):  
ED Ball ◽  
MW Fanger
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Leukemia Cells ◽  
Acute Myelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Normal Peripheral Blood ◽  
Myelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Specific Cell Surface

The expression of three distinct myeloid-specific cell surface antigens detected by monoclonal antibodies (PMN 6, PMN 29, and AML-2–23) on acute and chronic myeloid leukemia cells is correlated with blast cell morphology and normal myeloid cell antigen display. In studies on normal peripheral blood cells, monoclonal antibodies PMN 6 and PMN 29 have previously been shown to react exclusively with neutrophils while AML-2–23 reacts with both neutrophils and monocytes. The present report demonstrates that these antigens are absent from blast cells of patients with acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) classified as M1 and M2 in the French-American-British system and chronic myelocytic leukemia in myeloid blast crisis. However, leukemia cells with myelomonocytic morphology (M4) expressed all three antigens, while cells with pure monocytic features (M5) were generally only positive for AML-2–23. Based on the absence of these antigens on both leukemic and normal myeloblasts and granulocyte-monocyte progenitors and their characteristic patterns of display on more differentiated leukemic and normal cells, we propose a modified concept of normal myelopoiesis. In this hypothesis, the myeloblast is an uncommitted cell that gives rise to a series of intermediate precursors that acquire committment to either the granulocytic or monocytic lineage marked by the acquisition of specific cell surface markers.

scholarly journals Pulmonary and central nervous system infiltration of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with concomitant diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: Case report and review of literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-129
Author(s):  
Saulo F. D. Batista ◽  
Karina V. De Melo ◽  
Patricia Horn ◽  
Vinicius Da C. Lisboa ◽  
Ana Sheila Cypriano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
B Lymphocyte ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Lymphoid Leukemia ◽  
Large B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Large B Cell

Introduction: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) andchronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL) are lymphoproliferativediseases of B lymphocytes. Objective: To describe the concomitanceof diseases with pulmonary and CNS involvement.Clinical case: A 67-year-old patient with DLBCL and CLLobtained partial remission of the diseases after six cycles ofstandard combined chemotherapy. Relapse of CLL (del17p;TP53+) occurred after 22 months, becoming refractory to anew treatment. Monoclonal B lymphocyte infiltration wasfound in the cerebrospinal fluid and bronchoalveolar lavage,leading to death due to respiratory failure. Conclusion: Theunfavorable outcome shows a rare and serious complicationin the concomitance of these diseases.

scholarly journals The expression of myeloid-specific antigens on myeloid leukemia cells: correlations with leukemia subclasses and implications for normal myeloid differentiation

Blood ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 456-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
ED Ball ◽  
MW Fanger
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Leukemia Cells ◽  
Acute Myelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Normal Peripheral Blood ◽  
Myelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Specific Cell Surface

Abstract The expression of three distinct myeloid-specific cell surface antigens detected by monoclonal antibodies (PMN 6, PMN 29, and AML-2–23) on acute and chronic myeloid leukemia cells is correlated with blast cell morphology and normal myeloid cell antigen display. In studies on normal peripheral blood cells, monoclonal antibodies PMN 6 and PMN 29 have previously been shown to react exclusively with neutrophils while AML-2–23 reacts with both neutrophils and monocytes. The present report demonstrates that these antigens are absent from blast cells of patients with acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) classified as M1 and M2 in the French-American-British system and chronic myelocytic leukemia in myeloid blast crisis. However, leukemia cells with myelomonocytic morphology (M4) expressed all three antigens, while cells with pure monocytic features (M5) were generally only positive for AML-2–23. Based on the absence of these antigens on both leukemic and normal myeloblasts and granulocyte-monocyte progenitors and their characteristic patterns of display on more differentiated leukemic and normal cells, we propose a modified concept of normal myelopoiesis. In this hypothesis, the myeloblast is an uncommitted cell that gives rise to a series of intermediate precursors that acquire committment to either the granulocytic or monocytic lineage marked by the acquisition of specific cell surface markers.

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