scholarly journals Quantitative analysis of total macrophage content in adult mouse tissues. Immunochemical studies with monoclonal antibody F4/80.

1985 ◽  
Vol 161 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
S H Lee ◽  
P M Starkey ◽  
S Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Large Bowel ◽  
Adult Mouse ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Mouse Tissues

We have estimated the macrophage content of different tissues of the normal adult mouse using F4/80, a highly specific antigen marker for mature mouse macrophages. An absorption indirect binding assay was used to quantitate F4/80 antigen against a calibration standard made from the J774.2 macrophage-like cell line. The richest sources of tissue F4/80 antigen were found to be bone marrow, spleen, cervical and mesenteric lymph nodes, large bowel, liver, kidneys, and small bowel. The organs that have the highest total F4/80 antigen content are the liver, large bowel, small bowel, bone marrow, spleen, cervical and mesenteric lymph nodes, and kidney. We conclude that the mononuclear phagocyte system is mainly distributed in the gastrointestinal tract and liver, followed by hemopoietic and lymphoid tissues.

scholarly journals Intracellular localization and properties of phosphate-dependent glutaminase in rat mesenteric lymph nodes

1984 ◽  
Vol 217 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
M S M Ardawi ◽  
E A Newsholme
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Intracellular Localization ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Phosphorylated Compounds ◽  
Glutaminase Activity

Phosphate-dependent glutaminase was present at approximately similar activities in lymph nodes from mammals other than rat, and in thymus, spleen, Peyer's patches and bone marrow of the rat. This suggests that glutamine is important in all lymphoid tissues. Phosphate-dependent glutaminase activity was shown to be present primarily in the mitochondria of rat mesenteric lymph nodes, and most of the activity could be released by detergents. The properties of the enzyme in mitochondrial extracts were investigated. The pH optimum was 8.6 and the Km for glutamine was 2.0 mM. The enzyme was activated by phosphate, other phosphorylated compounds including phosphoenolpyruvate, and also leucine: 50% activation occurred at 5, 0.2 and 0.6 mM for phosphate, phosphoenolpyruvate and leucine respectively. The enzyme was inhibited by glutamate, 2-oxoglutarate, citrate and ammonia, and by N-ethylmaleimide and diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine; 50% inhibition was observed at 0.7 and 0.1 mM for glutamate and 2-oxoglutarate respectively. Some of these properties may be important in the control of the enzyme activity in vivo.

scholarly journals Salmonella TyphimuriumInfection Along the Porcine Gastrointestinal Tract and Associated Lymphoid Tissues

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 681-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natividad Bellido-Carreras ◽  
Héctor Argüello ◽  
Sara Zaldívar-López ◽  
Ángeles Jiménez-Marín ◽  
Rodrigo P. Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Early Time ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph

Salmonella is a major foodborne pathogen and pork is one of the main sources of human salmonellosis. Understanding the pathogenesis and progression of the infection within the host is of interest to establish potential approaches to control the disease in pigs. The present study evaluates factors such as intestinal colonization, fecal shedding, and pathogen persistence by 2 studies using experimental challenge with Salmonella Typhimurium in weaned pigs and euthanasia at different time points (1, 2, and 6 and 2, 14, and 30 days postinfection [dpi], respectively). Histopathology of intestine at early time points (1 dpi and 2 dpi) showed severe damage to the epithelium together with an increase in polymorphonuclear cells and macrophages ( P < .001), particularly in jejunum and ileum. Large quantities of Salmonella were detected within the contents of the ileum, cecum, and colon in early infection. Salmonella could also be observed in the medulla of tonsils and mesenteric lymph nodes. From 6 dpi onward, signs of recovery were observed, with progressive restoration of the epithelium, reduction of the inflammatory infiltrate, and elimination of Salmonella from the mucosa. Concentration of Salmonella in feces and ileum content decreased, but shedding did not cease even at 4 weeks after infection. Persistence of the bacteria in mesenteric lymph nodes was identified within the connective tissue at 14 and 30 dpi. Our results demonstrate a recovery of the disease after an initial acute phase but also show persistence within the lumen and surrounding lymphoid tissue. These findings are relevant to developing effective control strategies.

scholarly journals CCR7-dependent trafficking of RORγ+ ILCs creates a unique microenvironment within mucosal draining lymph nodes

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma C. Mackley ◽  
Stephanie Houston ◽  
Clare L. Marriott ◽  
Emily E. Halford ◽  
Beth Lucas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Intestinal Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Peripheral Lymph ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Draining Lymph Nodes

Abstract Presentation of peptide:MHCII by RORγ-expressing group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s), which are enriched within gut tissue, is required for control of CD4 T-cell responses to commensal bacteria. It is not known whether ILC populations migrate from their mucosal and peripheral sites to local draining secondary lymphoid tissues. Here we demonstrate that ILC3s reside within the interfollicular areas of mucosal draining lymph nodes, forming a distinct microenvironment not observed in peripheral lymph nodes. By photoconverting intestinal cells in Kaede mice we reveal constitutive trafficking of ILCs from the intestine to the draining mesenteric lymph nodes, which specifically for the LTi-like ILC3s was CCR7-dependent. Thus, ILC populations traffic to draining lymph nodes using different mechanisms.

scholarly journals MAGNITUDE AND PATTERN OF THYMIC LYMPHOCYTE MIGRATION IN NEONATAL MICE

1972 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
pp. 907-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Joel ◽  
M. W. Hess ◽  
H. Cottier
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Peyer's Patches ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Neonatal Mice ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Thymic Cell

Neonatal mice were given a subcapsular, intrathymic injection of thymidine-3H using a modified microneedle technique, and the migration of labeled cells to spleen, lymph nodes, Peyer's patches, and bone marrow was followed radioautographically with time. Assuming that nonlabeled lymphocytes migrated in the same manner as labeled lymphocytes, it can be concluded that the majority of lymphocytes present within mesenteric lymph nodes (74%) and Peyer's patches (61%), and a large proportion of those located in popliteal lymph nodes (40%) and the spleen (26%), were of thymic origin. Evidence is presented indicating that these are minimum values. The difference in the magnitude of thymic cell migration to gut-associated lymphoid tissue on the one hand and to the spleen and popliteal lymph node on the other hand was tentatively attributed to antigenic stimulation from the intestinal flora which develops during the first days of life. Thymus-derived lymphocytes were scattered throughout the lymph node cortex and splenic follicles. No noticeable thymic cell migration to the bone marrow was found. Labeling indices in the peripheral lymphoid organs paralleled those of cortical thymic lymphocytes suggesting the thymic cortex as the major source of migrants. By 2 days postinjection, the mean grain counts of labeled lymphocytes in all peripheral lymphoid tissues were higher than the mean grain counts of labeled lymphocytes in the thymus. At 7 days postinjection heavily labeled cells constituted 11–16% of the labeled population in peripheral tissues while they were absent from the thymic cortex. These results indicate that a fraction of thymus-derived cells, upon settling in the periphery, remained in, or reentered, a nonproliferative phase for at least 7 days. Conversely, many thymus-derived lymphocytes underwent division in the periphery and/or penetrated the intestinal epithelium. Since the relative number of thymus-derived cells found in the mesenteric lymph nodes of 1- and 2-day old mice was considerably higher than the percentage of cells at this site having the theta (θ) alloantigen, as reported by other authors, the possibility exists that θ-antigen on thymus-derived lymphocytes may, at least in a fraction of these cells, no longer be detectable as they reach the peripheral organs.

Prehepatic portal hypertension produces increased mast cell density in the small bowel and in mesenteric lymph nodes in the rat

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1025-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
ISABEL PRIETO ◽  
MARÍA-ANGELES ALLER ◽  
LUIS SANTAMARÍA ◽  
MARÍA-PAZ NAVA ◽  
ROSARIO MADERO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Mast Cell Density

scholarly journals Detection of Visna Maedi virus in mesenteric lymph nodes and in other lymphoid tissues of sheep three years after respiratory infection

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 359-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Preziuso ◽  
GE Magi ◽  
S. Mari ◽  
G. Renzoni
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Infected Sheep ◽  
Viral Capsid ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Viral Capsid Antigen ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Proviral Dna ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Target Organs

Visna/Maedi virus (VMV), a small ruminant lentivirus responsible for lymphoproliferative pneumonia, encephalitis, arthritis and/or mastitis in sheep, has been detected in different non-lymphoid organs. However, only a few investigations have been carried out in lymphoid tissues. In this study, some lymphoid tissues and lymph node draining or non-draining VMV target organs from five sheep infected experimentally by the respiratory route three years previously were investigated. Archival samples of spleen, red bone marrow, caudal mediastinal lymph nodes, mammary lymph nodes, popliteal lymph nodes and mesenteric lymph nodes were tested by PCR for the presence of proviral DNA. Popliteal and mesenteric lymph node samples were tested also by immunohistochemical staining of the viral capsid antigen p28. The proviral DNA was detected by PCR in all the lymphoid tissue samples from the infected sheep. The viral antigen was stained in mononuclear cells in popliteal and mesenteric lymph nodes of the infected sheep. Although the lymph nodes draining the classical target organs seem to be more infected than the others, both the viral capsid antigen and the proviral DNA were present also in lymph nodes draining non-target organs, such as the mesenteric lymph nodes. These findings show the presence of VMV in different lymphoid tissues in the late stages of infection and suggest a potential role of these tissues as a site for viral reservoir and replication, even three years after infection. &nbsp;

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