A FUNCTIONAL AND PATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE CHRONIC NEPHROPATHY INDUCED IN THE DOG BY URANIUM NITRATE

1. Uranium nitrate is relatively more toxic for old animals than for young animals. 2. This relative toxicity is not only expressed in the old animals by a greater functional disturbance of the kidney, but is also shown by an inability on the part of these animals to repair the kidney injury and reestablish its functional capacity. 3. The intoxication in younger animals has been followed by a repair of the renal injury and a partial restoration of kidney function. 4. In these animals the processes of repair lead to the development of a chronic diffuse type of nephropathy in which the acid-base equilibrium of the blood may be maintained at the point of normality. In these animals renal functional tests indicate the presence of severe kidney injury.

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A STUDY OF ACUTE MERCURIC CHLORIDE INTOXICATIONS IN THE DOG WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE KIDNEY INJURY

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.27.4.519 ◽

1918 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 519-538 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

William deB. MacNider

Keyword(s):

Kidney Injury ◽

Acute Poisoning ◽

Group Iv ◽

Acid Base ◽

Group Iii ◽

Corrosive Action ◽

Acid Base Equilibrium ◽

Group Ii ◽

Severe Type ◽

Normal Acid

A study of the experiments comprising the first group of animals permits the deduction that these animals succumb to the acute poisoning as a result of the shock which the poison induces through its corrosive action in the stomach and intestine. The animals die before the mercury, acting as such during its elimination by the kidney, can induce an acute nephropathy and before the mercury, by inducing an acid intoxication, can lead to an acute kidney injury. The remaining animals of the series, Groups II, III, and IV, have withstood the corrosive action of the poison. These animals have shown the same type of delayed intoxication from the poison. The intoxication, however, has varied in time of appearance, duration, and severity. The animals classified as Group II have developed during the stage of improvement from the gastroenteritis a rapid and severe type of acid intoxication, have become rapidly anuric, and have died either in a state of air-hunger or in convulsions. The animals of Group III, either during or after their recovery from the gastroenteritis, have developed a mild grade of acid intoxication. During the following days of the experiments the animals succeeded in reestablishing their normal acid-base equilibrium. All the animals of this group recovered. The animals of Group IV have shown a recovery from the mercury enteritis. Following a period during which there was an attempt on the part of the animals to return to normal, as indicated by an increase in the alkali reserve of the blood and by an increased output of phenolsulfonephthalein and urine, the members of the group developed a delayed acid intoxication, and, like the animals of Group II, became anuric.

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THE STABILITY OF THE ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIUM OF THE BLOOD IN NATURALLY NEPHROPATHIC ANIMALS AND THE EFFECT ON RENAL FUNCTION OF CHANGES IN THIS EQUILIBRIUM

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.28.4.517 ◽

1918 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 517-528 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

William deB. MacNider

Keyword(s):

Sodium Chloride ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Variable Degree ◽

Cent Solution ◽

Acid Base ◽

Degree Of Protection ◽

Base Equilibrium ◽

Acid Base Equilibrium ◽

The Stability ◽

Normal Acid

1. A 0.9 per cent solution of sodium chloride when given intravenously to anesthetized naturally nephropathic animals is not effective in preventing the development of an acid intoxication and the associated kidney injury. 2. A solution of sodium carbonate equimolecular with a 0.9 per cent solution of sodium chloride when given intravenously to anesthetized naturally nephropathic animals confers a variable degree of protection to the kidney. 3. The degree of protection conferred by the alkaline solution is associated with the ability of the solution to maintain a normal acid-base equilibrium of the blood of the anesthetized animal.

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Spectrophotometric study of the interaction of Chromazurol S and Eriochromazurol B with surface active substances - tensides

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19811090 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 46 (5) ◽

pp. 1090-1106 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Irena Burešová ◽

Vlastimil Kubáň ◽

Lumír Sommer

Keyword(s):

Critical Micellar Concentration ◽

Spectrophotometric Study ◽

Conditional Stability ◽

Acid Base ◽

Binary Complexes ◽

Chromazurol S ◽

Acid Base Equilibrium ◽

Poorly Soluble ◽

Conditional Stability Constants ◽

Triton X

The acid-base and optical properties of Chromazurol S and Eriochromazurol B in the presence of 1 . 10-6 - 2 . 10-2M solutions of cetylpyridinium bromide, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and 1-ethoxycarbonylpentadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (Septonex) and 0.001-1.0% w/v solutions of octylphenolpolyethylene glycol ether (Triton X-100), polyoxyethylenemonolauryl ether (Brij 35) and lauryl sulphate sodium salt were determined by graphical and numerical interpretation of absorbance curves. The poorly soluble ion associates, which can be extracted into chloroform and which have the defined composition [LH4-nn-.n T+] or [LH3-nn-.n T+] are formed at submicellar concentration of the tenside. In regions close to the critical micellar concentration of the tenside, soluble binary complexes of the acid-base forms of the reagent are formed with tenside micelles. The conditional stability constants of the reagent acid-base equilibrium depend on the type and concentration of the tenside, on the reagent concentration, on the concentration and type of inorganic acid anions and on the ionic strength of the solution. The mechanism of interaction of the reagent with the tenside and the probable structure of the binary species are discussed.

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