scholarly journals PATHOGENIC ORGANISMS OF THE GENUS LISTERELLA

1935 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. V. Seastone
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Pathogenic Organisms ◽  
Myocardial Infection ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

From meningitis in man, encephalitis in cattle and sheep, a myocardial infection in fowl, and a generalized infection in rabbits, different observers have isolated Gram-positive organisms which are closely related. Their cultural and serological properties are described. When injected intravenously into chickens, rabbits, or guinea pigs there is an unusual blood response, the monocytes being markedly increased. The organisms tend to localize in the myocardium with resulting necrosis.

AN ANTIBIOTIC-PRODUCING BACTERIUM OF THE GENUS PSEUDOMONAS

1954 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. F. Chinn
Keyword(s):  
Pure Culture ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Antibiotic Activity ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Helminthosporium Sativum ◽  
Pathogenic Organisms

A Gram-negative rod, conforming; to Pseudomonas viscosa (Frankland and Frankland) Migula, was isolated in practically pure culture from a sample of wheat that did not show the usual mixture of epiphytes. In vitro studies revealed an unusual antibiotic spectrum against a variety of Gram-positive and -negative bacteria as well as against Helminthosporium sativum and Fusarium culmorum. Comparative.studies of the organism and P. aeruginosa, P. fluorescens, and P. chlororaphis indicated that it possessed greater antibiotic activity than any of these three species of Pseudomonas. Application to the control of some plant pathogenic organisms is suggested.

Extrapulmonary Lesions of Streptococcus pneumoniae Infection in Guinea Pigs

1977 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Parker ◽  
R. J. Russell ◽  
A. De Paoli
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Adrenal Necrosis

A retrospective study of extrapulmonary disease in 17 guinea pigs with Streptococcus pneumoniae infection showed the most common to be either chronic active or acute fibrinopurulent pericarditis, pleuritis or peritonitis, or all three. In periparturient females the uterus was commonly affected. Hepatic and adrenal necrosis, splenitis, otitis media, encephalitis, lymphadenitis and ovarian abscesses also occurred. There were gram-positive diplococci in all lesions and Strep. pneumoniae, most often type 19, was cultured from tissues of 11 guinea pigs.

scholarly journals The antimicrobial spectra of selected Penicillia against some pathogenic bacteria and yeasts

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
Shashi Chauhan ◽  
R. K. Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Pathogenic Organisms

The antagonista activity of eight isolaies of penicillia bas been studied against 13 pathogenic organisms, which included 6 Gram-positive bacteria, 4 Gram-negative bacteria and 3 yeasts.

Microbes associated with the epithelium of the oesophagus and stomach of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus)

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1099-1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Siew Yoon ◽  
Gerald W. Tannock
Keyword(s):  
Histological Examination ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Cavia Porcellus ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Epithelial Surface ◽  
Stomach Tissue ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

Histological examination of oesophagus and stomach specimens from 28 guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) revealed microbes associated with the epithelial surface of these organs. Layers of Gram-positive cocci were associated with oesophageal tissue in all the animals. Yeasts(Torulopsis pintolopesii) were associated with stomach tissue in most animals 1 week of age or older.

scholarly journals THE PROPHYLAXIS OF WEIL'S DISEASE (SPIROCHÆTOSIS ICTEROHÆMORRHAGICA)

1916 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 471-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Ido ◽  
Rokuro Hoki ◽  
Hiroshi Ito ◽  
H. Wani
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Rat Urine ◽  
Weil’S Disease ◽  
Weil's Disease ◽  
Pathogenic Organisms ◽  
The City ◽  
Highly Virulent

We have already described briefly the portals of entry and of excretion of the pathogenic spirochetes. We may mention here that we have twice prevented epidemics by disinfection of the ground and the removal of the inundated water in certain places in coal mines. In one mine 19 out of 50 workmen, and in another 9 out of 30 workmen came down with Weil's disease in about 2 weeks. We have already pointed out that the period during which the pathogenic spirochetes are excreted in the urine continues, as a rule, for 40 days, and that we must, therefore, apply disinfection for at least 40 days after the first appearance of the disease. Lately we have found that in 21 cases out of 24 the spirochetes were excreted in the urine for 40 days, in one case until the 42nd day, in one case until the 45th day, and in still another case until the 63rd day. Another important fact concerning the prophylaxis which has been brought out is that both house and ditch rats (brown) carry virulent Spirochæta icterohamorrhagæ, the causal spirochete of Weil's disease, in their kidneys. Miyajima has reported that field rats have the pathogenic organisms in their kidneys; he will report these findings in detail later. The spirochetes which he described are less virulent than ours. On his advice we have carefully examined house and ditch rats in the city and rats in the coal mines of Kyushu, where Weil's disease prevails, and found that 39.5 per cent carried highly virulent pathogenic spirochetes in their kidneys, thus confirming Miyajima's experiments. The kidneys were examined microscopically under the dark-field microscope, and in the cases in which we did not find the pathogenic spirochete, we made inoculations into guinea pigs. Thus we found Spirochæta icterohæmorrhagiæ microscopically in the kidneys or in the urine in 32.4 per cent, and by means of inoculation in 7 per cent, making a total of 39.5 per cent carrying the pathogenic organisms, out of a total number of 86 rats examined. In some instances, rats were made to bite guinea pigs and in two instances caused Weil's disease. Among fifty-five patients in our clinic, twelve were cooks; and in Europe many cases arise among butchers—indicating the relation of the disease to rats. Moreover, during the present year we observed two patients who acquired Weil's disease, one in 1 week, the other 8 to 9 days after they had been bitten by rats. These facts point to a relation between Weil's disease and rats. The infection is transmitted probably from rats to man by means of the urine of the rats, directly or indirectly. On the injection of 0.1 gm. of rat urine which contains Spirochæta icterohæmorrhagiæ into the peritoneal cavity of guinea pigs, the infection arises, while the injection of the liver or the blood of the rats into guinea pigs does not produce the typical disease. The finding that the kidneys of rats contain the pathogenic organisms of the disease is important from the point of view of prophylaxis. The large number of rats in the trenches of the European battle-fields suggests the possibility that many cases of Weil's disease may arise. We shall report on this point in more detail later.

Specific Microorganisms

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abinash Virk
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Pathogenic Organisms ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

This chapter approaches the field of infectious diseases from 3 perspectives. This first section reviews the characteristics of specific pathogenic organisms (gram-positive cocci, staphylococci, gram-negative bacilli, gram-positive bacilli, gram-negative cocci, anaerobic bacteria, actinomycetes, mycobacteria, spirochetes, fungi, viruses, etc). Symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of conditions caused by these organisms are discussed.

scholarly journals A protective cabinet for the post-mortem examination of infected animals

1959 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Couling ◽  
R. J. W. Rees
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Small Animals ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Post Mortem Examination ◽  
Pathogenic Organisms ◽  
Infected Material

A special cabinet was designed to protect the operator, during post-mortem examinations on animals infected with pathogenic organisms, against the risk of enhaling infected material and the surrounding area from becoming contaminated. The cabinet was suitable for small animals including mice and guinea-pigs.

scholarly journals “Bacillus anthracoides.” A Study of its Biological Characters and Relationships and its Pathogenic Properties under Experimental Conditions

1928 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. M. Grierson
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Local Inflammation ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Lethal Effects ◽  
Biological Characters ◽  
Living Organisms

1. There occurs in nature an organism belonging to the group of Gram-positive aerobic sporing bacilli which closely resembles B.anthracis, especially in its cultural characters.2. These organisms occur commonly in materials that are frequently examined for the presence ofB. anthracis.3. TheB. anthracoidesis pathogenic to guinea-pigs and mice under experimental conditions, and would appear to occupy a position between the virulentB. anthracisand the non-pathogenic members of the group of aerobic sporing bacilli, e.g.B. subtilis, B. mesentericus.4. Subcutaneous injection of cultures ofB. anthracoidesproduces a local inflammation with gelatinous oedema and a fatal septicaemia.5. Only large doses of living organisms are lethal and attempts to increase the virulence of this organism by various methods have not proved successful.6. Individual animals vary considerably in their resistance to the organism.7. With the exception ofB. anthracis, theB. anthracoidescontrasts with the other members of the group in its pathogenic properties under experimental conditions. Twenty-five strains of this organism have been isolated, each of which possesses pathogenic properties. The pathogenicity of 49 strains of other representatives of the group has been tested, and only one of these was found to have lethal effects.

Influence of Cell Wall Composition on the Fossilisation of Bacteria and the Implications for the Search for Early Life Forms

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 491-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances Westall
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Cation Binding ◽  
Positive Bacterium ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Hydrothermal Sediments ◽  
Identification Of Bacteria ◽  
The Difference

AbstractThe oldest cell-like structures on Earth are preserved in silicified lagoonal, shallow sea or hydrothermal sediments, such as some Archean formations in Western Australia and South Africa. Previous studies concentrated on the search for organic fossils in Archean rocks. Observations of silicified bacteria (as silica minerals) are scarce for both the Precambrian and the Phanerozoic, but reports of mineral bacteria finds, in general, are increasing. The problems associated with the identification of authentic fossil bacteria and, if possible, closer identification of bacteria type can, in part, be overcome by experimental fossilisation studies. These have shown that not all bacteria fossilise in the same way and, indeed, some seem to be very resistent to fossilisation. This paper deals with a transmission electron microscope investigation of the silicification of four species of bacteria commonly found in the environment. The Gram positiveBacillus laterosporusand its spore produced a robust, durable crust upon silicification, whereas the Gram negativePseudomonas fluorescens, Ps. vesicularis, andPs. acidovoranspresented delicately preserved walls. The greater amount of peptidoglycan, containing abundant metal cation binding sites, in the cell wall of the Gram positive bacterium, probably accounts for the difference in the mode of fossilisation. The Gram positive bacteria are, therefore, probably most likely to be preserved in the terrestrial and extraterrestrial rock record.

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