scholarly journals INTERFERENCE BETWEEN VIRUSES IN TISSUE CULTURE

1946 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin H. Lennette ◽  
Hilary Koprowski
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
High Strain ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Reverse Direction ◽  
Complete Suppression ◽  
The West ◽  
West Nile

The influence of one virus on the growth of another in tissue culture was investigated. The 17DD High strain of yellow fever virus was found capable of completely suppressing the growth of both the Asibi strain of the same virus and of the heterologous West Nile virus, even when these were added to the cultures in large amounts. The 17DD High strain of yellow fever virus and the West Nile virus produced either partial or complete suppression of growth of the Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus, depending upon the quantity of the latter inoculated into the cultures. Owing to lack of methods for the detection of interference except in a single direction, reciprocal interference with these viruses could not be investigated. The 17DD High strain of yellow fever virus and the West Nile virus were able to suppress completely, or almost completely, the growth of influenza A virus added to the infected cultures in maximal amounts. Interference in the reverse direction, even with the use of small amounts of the neurotropic viruses, was not demonstrable. Cultures infected with the 17DD High strain of yellow fever virus were examined for the presence of neutralizing antibodies and non-specific antiviral substances; neither was found present.

Simultaneous detection of Dengue virus, Chikungunya virus, Zika virus, Yellow fever virus and West Nile virus

2019 ◽  
Vol 268 ◽  
pp. 53-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
José A. Boga ◽  
Marta E. Alvarez-Arguelles ◽  
Susana Rojo-Alba ◽  
Mercedes Rodríguez ◽  
María de Oña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Virus Zika

scholarly journals Castanospermine, a Potent Inhibitor of Dengue Virus Infection In Vitro and In Vivo

2005 ◽  
Vol 79 (14) ◽  
pp. 8698-8706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Whitby ◽  
Theodore C. Pierson ◽  
Brian Geiss ◽  
Kelly Lane ◽  
Michael Engle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Dengue Virus Infection

ABSTRACT Previous studies have suggested that α-glucosidase inhibitors such as castanospermine and deoxynojirimycin inhibit dengue virus type 1 infection by disrupting the folding of the structural proteins prM and E, a step crucial to viral secretion. We extend these studies by evaluating the inhibitory activity of castanospermine against a panel of clinically important flaviviruses including all four serotypes of dengue virus, yellow fever virus, and West Nile virus. Using in vitro assays we demonstrated that infections by all serotypes of dengue virus were inhibited by castanospermine. In contrast, yellow fever virus and West Nile virus were partially and almost completely resistant to the effects of the drug, respectively. Castanospermine inhibited dengue virus infection at the level of secretion and infectivity of viral particles. Importantly, castanospermine prevented mortality in a mouse model of dengue virus infection, with doses of 10, 50, and 250 mg/kg of body weight per day being highly effective at promoting survival (P ≤ 0.0001). Correspondingly, castanospermine had no adverse or protective effect on West Nile virus mortality in an analogous mouse model. Overall, our data suggest that castanospermine has a strong antiviral effect on dengue virus infection and warrants further development as a possible treatment in humans.

scholarly journals Identification of Novel Small-Molecule Inhibitors of West Nile Virus Infection

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (21) ◽  
pp. 11992-12004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amine O. Noueiry ◽  
Paul D. Olivo ◽  
Urszula Slomczynska ◽  
Yi Zhou ◽  
Ben Buscher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Chemical Library ◽  
Entry Site ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Subgenomic Replicon

ABSTRACT West Nile virus (WNV) has spread throughout the United States and Canada and now annually causes a clinical spectrum of human disease ranging from a self-limiting acute febrile illness to acute flaccid paralysis and lethal encephalitis. No therapy or vaccine is currently approved for use in humans. Using high-throughput screening assays that included a luciferase expressing WNV subgenomic replicon and an NS1 capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we evaluated a chemical library of over 80,000 compounds for their capacity to inhibit WNV replication. We identified 10 compounds with strong inhibitory activity against genetically diverse WNV and Kunjin virus isolates. Many of the inhibitory compounds belonged to a chemical family of secondary sulfonamides and have not been described previously to inhibit WNV or other related or unrelated viruses. Several of these compounds inhibited WNV infection in the submicromolar range, had selectivity indices of greater than 10, and inhibited replication of other flaviviruses, including dengue and yellow fever viruses. One of the most promising compounds, AP30451, specifically blocked translation of a yellow fever virus replicon but not a Sindbis virus replicon or an internal ribosome entry site containing mRNA. Overall, these compounds comprise a novel class of promising inhibitors for therapy against WNV and other flavivirus infections in humans.

scholarly journals DNA-immunisation with dengue virus E protein domains I/II, but not domain III, enhances Zika, West Nile and Yellow Fever virus infection

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. e0181734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose L. Slon Campos ◽  
Monica Poggianella ◽  
Sara Marchese ◽  
Monica Mossenta ◽  
Jyoti Rana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Protein Domains ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
West Nile ◽  
E Protein ◽  
Domain Iii

scholarly journals Dengue and Zika virus 5’-UTRs harbor IRES functions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutong Song ◽  
JoAnn Mugavero ◽  
Charles B. Stauft ◽  
Eckard Wimmer
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
West Nile Fever ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Ribosomal Entry ◽  
Dependent Mechanism

AbstractMembers ofFlavivirus, a genus ofFlaviviridae, encompass numerous enveloped plus strand RNA viruses, of which globally dengue virus (DENV) is the leading cause of serious arthropod-borne disease. The genomes of DENV, just as those of yellow fever virus (YFV), West Nile fever virus (WNV), or Zika virus (ZIKV), control their translation by a 5’-terminal capping group. Three other genera of Flaviviridae are remarkable because their viruses use internal ribosomal entry sites (IRESs) to control translation and they are not arthropod transmitted. In 2006 E. Harris’ group published work suggesting that DENV RNA does not stringently need a cap for translation. They proposed that instead DENV translation is controlled by an interplay between 5’ and 3’ termini. Here we present evidence that the DENV or ZIKV 5’-untranslated regions (5’-UTRs) alone have IRES competence. This conclusion is based, first, on the observation that uncapped mono-cistronic mRNAs 5’ terminated with the DENV or ZIKV 5’-UTRs can efficiently direct translation of a reporter gene in BHK and C6/36 cells; second, that either 5’-UTR placed between two reporter genes can efficiently induce expression of the downstream gene in BHK but not in C6/36 cells. These experiments followed observations that uncapped DENV/ZIKV genomic transcripts, 5’ terminated with pppAN… or GpppAN…, can initiate infections of mammalian (BHK) or mosquito (C6/36) cells. IRES competence of the 5’-UTRs of DENV/ZIKV raises many open questions regarding the biology and control, as well as the evolution, of insect-borne flaviviruses.ImportanceMembers of the genusFlavivirusofFlaviviridaeare important human pathogens of great concern because they cause serious diseases, sometimes death, in human populations living in tropical, subtropical (dengue, DENV; Zika, ZIKV; yellow fever virus), or moderate climates (West Nile virus). Flaviviruses are known to control their translation by a cap-dependent mechanism. We have observed, however, that the uncapped genomes of DENV or ZIKV can initiate infection of mammalian and insect cells. We provide evidence that the short 5’ untranslated region (5’-UTR) of DENV or ZIKV genomes can fulfill the function of an internal ribosomal entry site (IRES). This strategy frees these organisms from the cap-dependent mechanism of gene expression at an as yet unknown stage of proliferation. The data raise new questions about the biology and evolution of flaviviruses, possibly leading to new controls of flavivirus disease.

scholarly journals THE USE OF YELLOW FEVER VIRUS MODIFIED BY IN VITRO CULTIVATION FOR HUMAN IMMUNIZATION

1937 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 787-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Theiler ◽  
Hugh H. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Cultivation In Vitro ◽  
Subcutaneous Inoculation ◽  
Culture Virus

The response of rhesus monkeys to a subcutaneous inoculation with varying amounts of virus modified by prolonged cultivation in vitro has been studied. The tissue components of the medium consisted of chick embryo tissue containing minimal amounts of nervous tissue. The immunity produced in monkeys, as measured by the antibody titer developed, has no relation to the amount of virus inoculated. Monkeys inoculated subcutaneously with the tissue culture virus are rendered immune to a subsequent injection of a highly virulent yellow fever virus. This resistance is already present 7 days after vaccination. The subcutaneous inoculation of the culture virus into immune persons leads to a substantial increase of the serum antibody titer. The results of vaccinating eight normal persons with culture virus are presented. The reactions were minimal. The highest temperature recorded following vaccination was 37.4°C. The sera taken from the eight vaccinated persons 2 to 4 weeks after inoculation with the tissue culture virus showed the presence of yellow fever antibodies.

Studies of Yellow Fever Virus in Tissue Culture

1932 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Haagen ◽  
M. Theiler
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Fever Virus
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