Comparison of Higher-Dose Intradermal Hepatitis B Vaccination to Standard Intramuscular Vaccination of Healthcare Workers

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Henderson ◽  
Thomas J. Louie ◽  
Karam Ramotar ◽  
Donna Ledgerwood ◽  
Karen Myrthu Hope ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Random Allocation ◽  
Intradermal Vaccination ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Microparticle Enzyme Immunoassay

Objective.To compare the immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccine administered via intradermal (ID) versus intramuscular (IM) route.Methods:Subjects chose either to specify the route of immunization or to undergo random allocation to vaccination by the ID (0.15 mL) or the IM (1.0 mL) route. Yeast-derived recombinant hepatitis B vaccine was given at 0, 30, and 180 days. Hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) and hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) were measured by microparticle enzyme immunoassay.Results:763 subjects were enrolled. Baseline screening identified 65 subjects (8%) who were positive for HBsAb or HBcAb. Vaccination was completed by 590 (85%) of 698 enrollees (370 ID, 220 IM). Seroconversion rates (geometric mean titers [GMT]>0 IU/mL HBsAb) for those vaccinated ID were 99% and 96% for screening at 9 months and 1 year post-vaccination, respectively; subjects vaccinated intramuscularly had similar rates of 95% and 96%. Seropositivity rates (GMT ≥ 10 IU/mL HBsAb) showed a similar pattern, with 95%, 92%, and 73% at 9 months and 1 and 2 years, respectively, for those vaccinated ID, and 94%, 93%, and 81% for those having IM vaccination. GMT for HBsAb was significantly higher for individuals vaccinated IM than for those vaccinated ID (P<.0001). The GMT ratio for the IM and ID routes decreased over time, being 9.3 at 9 months, 7.8 at 1 year, and 5.9 at 2 years. An unanticipated side effect of intradermal vaccination was skin discoloration at injection sites, which persisted for at least 2 years postvaccination. Two thirds (112/166) of respondents reported that they would have selected the ID route despite the discoloration.Conclusions:Higher-dose ID vaccination (3 vs 1 μg per injection) uses one sixth of the dose required for standard IM vaccination. It is a cost-effective way to vaccinate populations against hepatitis B virus, but the long-term efficacy of the ID route must still be investigated.

scholarly journals Compliance with and response to hepatitis B vaccination in remaining quilombo communities in Central Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 738-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Rita C. Motta-Castro ◽  
Selma A. Gomes ◽  
Clara F. T. Yoshida ◽  
Juliana C. Miguel ◽  
Sheila A. Teles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Vaccination Scheme ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Male Sex

Compliance with and responses to the hepatitis B vaccine were evaluated in remaining quilombo communities in Central Brazil. A total of 708 individuals who were susceptible to hepatitis B virus infection were invited to participate in the hepatitis B vaccination program in eight communities. Although 567 (80%) individuals received the first dose, only 198 (28%) complied with the full vaccination scheme. Of 148 subjects who agreed to be tested for anti-HBs, 123 (83.1%; 95%CI: 75.9-88.6) responded to the vaccine. A geometric mean titer of 512mIU/mL (95%CI: 342.5-765.3) was found. Male sex and older age were independently associated with non-response. Additional health education programs and alternative hepatitis B vaccine schedules are needed to improve the vaccination coverage in these communities in Central Brazil.

scholarly journals Effect of a Community-Based Hepatitis B Virus Infection Detection Combined with Vaccination Program in China

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Xinyao Liu ◽  
Wuqi Qiu ◽  
Yan Liang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Qian Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Vaccination Rate ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Community Based ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Series Completion ◽  
And Control

Evidence on the effectiveness of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection screening and vaccination programs remains rare in China. We used a quasi-experimental method, propensity score matching, to evaluate the effects of a community-based HBV infection detection combined with vaccination (HBVIDV) program in a pilot. Data were retrieved from the HBVIDV program implemented between July 2019 and June 2020. Outcomes were the difference between the treatment and control groups in hepatitis B vaccination (≥1 dose), hepatitis B vaccine series completion (≥3 doses), and serologic evidence of vaccine-mediated immunity. Altogether, 26,180 individuals were included, where 6160 (23.5%) individuals were assigned to the treatment group, and 20,020 (76.5%) individuals were assigned to the control group. After propensity score matching, 5793 individuals were matched. The rates of hepatitis B vaccination, hepatitis B vaccine series completion, and prevalence of vaccine-mediated immunity in the treatment and control groups were 29.0% vs. 17.8%, 22.1% vs. 13.1%, and 38.2% vs. 27.6%, respectively. The HBVIDV program was significantly associated with increased hepatitis B vaccination rate (OR, 1.884, 95% CI 1.725–2.057), hepatitis B vaccine series completion rate (OR, 1.872, 95% CI 1.696–2.065), and prevalence of vaccine-mediated immunity (OR, 1.623, 95% CI 1.501–1.755). The greater magnitude of association between HBVIDV program and outcomes was observed among adults aged 35–54 years and adults who live in rural areas. The HBVIDV program was effective in increasing the hepatitis B vaccination rate, hepatitis B vaccine series completion rate, and prevalence of vaccine-mediated immunity among adults in the pilot. Further focusing the program on special populations and regions may produce more effective results.

A Hepatitis B Vaccination Program in a Community Teaching Hospital

1987 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myron J. Tong ◽  
Ann M. Howard ◽  
Gary C. Schatz ◽  
Mark A. Kane ◽  
Deborah A. Roskamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Anamnestic Response ◽  
Low Level ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Fourth Dose ◽  
Hb Vaccine

AbstractPrior to offering the hepatitis B (HB) vaccine, a prescreen for hepatitis B virus (HBV) antibodies was conducted in a 565 bed hospital in Pasadena, California. Antibodies to the hepatitis B virus were detected in 14.5% of 1,745 employees tested. There was a significantly higher prevalence in those with a previous history of hepatitis, blood transfusions, exposure to nee-dlesticks, number of years in the same occupation, and in the same hospital work area. Employees of Asian extraction (33.3%) and blacks (23.1%) had a higher prevalence of antibodies to the hepatitis B virus than Hispanics (13.7%) and whites (10.2%). Anti-HBs was detected in 92.6% of 865 employees who received three doses of the hepatitis B vaccine. Only 28.6% of nonresponders receiving a fourth dose of hepatitis B vaccine produced anti-HBs. The nonresponders to the HB vaccine were older (average age 64.9 years) when compared to the responders (average age 37.5 years), and more males failed to produce anti-HBs after vaccination than females. Hepatitis B vaccination of the majority of individuals with either “low level” anti-HBs alone or anti-HBc alone did not elicit an anamnestic response after one dose of vaccine, implying that these “low level” antibodies are nonspecific and do not represent antiviral antibodies. Adverse reactions to the hepatitis B vaccine were minor and included a flulike syndrome, sore arm, and rash and swelling at the injection site. The reasons for nonparticipation were obtained from 179 individuals, and the main issue was concern about safety of the hepatitis B vaccine.

scholarly journals IMMUNOGENICITY OF LOW-DOSE INTRAMUSCULAR AND INTRADERMAL VACCINATION WITH RECOMBINANT HEPATITIS B VACCINE

1997 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marília Dalva TURCHI ◽  
Celina Maria Turchi MARTELLI ◽  
Maria Lúcia FERRAZ ◽  
Antonio Eduardo SILVA ◽  
Divina das Dores de Paula CARDOSO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Seroconversion Rate ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Antibody Concentration ◽  
Intradermal Vaccination ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

The study is a randomized trial using recombinant DNA vaccine to determine whether an intramuscular 10 µg dose or intradermal 2 µg induces satisfactory anti-HBs levels compared to the standard dose of intramuscular 20 µg. participants were 359 healthy medical and nurse students randomly allocated to one of the three groups: Group I - IM 20 µg; Group II - IM 10 µg; Group III - ID 2 µg at 0, 1 and 6 months. Anti-HBs titres were measured after complete vaccine schedule by ELISA/Pasteur. Baseline variables were similar among groups and side effects were mild after any dose. Vaccinees in the IM-10 µg group had seroconversion rate and geometric mean titre (GMT 2344 IU L-1), not significant different from the IM-20 µg group (GMT 4570 IU L-1). On the contrary, 21.4% of the ID - 2 µg recipients mount antibody concentration below 10 IU L1 and GMT of 91 IU L-1, a statiscally significant difference compared with the standard schedule IM-20 µg (p < 0.001). A three dose regimen of half dosse IM could be considered an appropriate schedule to prevent hepatitis B in young health adults which is of relevance to the expansion of hepatitis B vaccine programme

Continuing Risk for Hepatitis B Virus Transmission Among Southeast Asian Infants in Louisiana

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 1113-1116
Author(s):  
Francis J. Mahoney ◽  
Margaret Lawrence ◽  
Cathy Scott ◽  
Quan Le ◽  
Steve Lambert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
Asian And Pacific Islander ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Asian Children ◽  
Chronic Hbv

Objective. Implementation and evaluation of a hepatitis B vaccination program for Southeast Asian infants in Louisiana. Methods. A baseline seroprevalence survey of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in US-born Southeast Asian children was conducted in 1991 before the implementation of a vaccination program. Hepatitis B vaccination and postvaccination serologic testing of survey participants 10 years of age and younger was performed. Eighteen months after the hepatitis B vaccine was integrated into infant immunization schedules in July 1993, a vaccination coverage survey was performed. Results. Baseline serologic testing was conducted on 96% of persons from 225 randomly selected households in a Southeast Asian community in Louisiana. Of 676 US-born children, 28 (4.1%) had chronic HBV infection; 61% of children with chronic HBV infection were born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative women. Among children born to HBsAg-negative women, the prevalence of chronic HBV infection increased with age, reaching 7.3% for children 13 to 16 years of age. Children born to HBsAg-negative women and living with carriers were 5.4 times more likely to have evidence of HBV infection than were children who did not live with carriers. Before the survey, only one child had received three doses of hepatitis B vaccine. In July 1993, 43% of Southeast Asian infants 9 to 18 months of age born in Louisiana had received three doses of hepatitis B vaccine. Infants who received immunizations from private providers were more likely to be fully vaccinated than were infants who received services from public sector clinics (prevalence ratio, 2.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.4,3.1). Conclusions. HBV transmission occurs throughout childhood in US-born Southeast Asian children, and the prevalence of chronic HBV infection approaches that of the country of origin. Few US-born Southeast Asian children have received hepatitis B vaccine. Because of the high rates of early childhood HBV transmission and the high risk of chronic infection in Asian and Pacific Islander communities, prevention efforts should be enhanced to ensure that all Asian and Pacific Islander infants receive hepatitis B vaccine in the first 12 months of life and that older children are vaccinated.

Long-term efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine, booster policy, and impact of hepatitis B virus mutants

Vaccine ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (32) ◽  
pp. 4158-4166 ◽  
Author(s):  
David FitzSimons ◽  
Guido François ◽  
Andrew Hall ◽  
Brian McMahon ◽  
André Meheus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Term Efficacy ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Vaccine Booster

scholarly journals Long-term effectiveness of plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine 22–28 years after immunization in a hepatitis B virus endemic rural area: is an adult booster dose needed?

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (5) ◽  
pp. 887-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. LI ◽  
G. J. LI ◽  
Q. Y. CHEN ◽  
Z. L. FANG ◽  
X. Y. WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Booster Dose ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Immune Memory ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hb Vaccine

SUMMARYLongan County is considered a highly endemic area for hepatitis B virus (HBV). The plasma-derived vaccine has been used in newborns in this area since 1987. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of this vaccine. In total, 1634 participants born during 1987–1993 and who had received a series of plasma-derived HB vaccinations at ages 0, 1, and 6 months were enrolled. Serological HBV markers were detected and compared with previous survey data. Overall the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in all participants was 3·79%; 3·47% of subjects who had received the first dose within 24 h were HBsAg positive, and 8·41% of subjects who had received a delayed first dose were also HBsAg positive. There were 1527 subjects identified who had received the first dose within 24 h and whose HBsAg and anti-HBc prevalence increased yearly after immunization, while the anti-HBs-positive rate and vaccine effectiveness declined. The geometric mean concentration of antibody in the anti-HB-positive participants was 55·13 mIU/ml and this declined after immunization. Fewer than 2·0% of participants had anti-HB levels ⩾1000 mIU/ml. The data show that the protective efficacy of the plasma-derived vaccinations declined and administration of HB vaccine within 24 h of birth was very important. To reduce the risk of HBV infection in this highly endemic area, a booster dose might be necessary if anti-HBs levels fall below 10 mIU/ml after age 18 years. Furthermore, studies on the immune memory induced by plasma-derived HB vaccine are needed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document