scholarly journals Effect of a Community-Based Hepatitis B Virus Infection Detection Combined with Vaccination Program in China

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Xinyao Liu ◽  
Wuqi Qiu ◽  
Yan Liang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Qian Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Vaccination Rate ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Community Based ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Series Completion ◽  
And Control

Evidence on the effectiveness of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection screening and vaccination programs remains rare in China. We used a quasi-experimental method, propensity score matching, to evaluate the effects of a community-based HBV infection detection combined with vaccination (HBVIDV) program in a pilot. Data were retrieved from the HBVIDV program implemented between July 2019 and June 2020. Outcomes were the difference between the treatment and control groups in hepatitis B vaccination (≥1 dose), hepatitis B vaccine series completion (≥3 doses), and serologic evidence of vaccine-mediated immunity. Altogether, 26,180 individuals were included, where 6160 (23.5%) individuals were assigned to the treatment group, and 20,020 (76.5%) individuals were assigned to the control group. After propensity score matching, 5793 individuals were matched. The rates of hepatitis B vaccination, hepatitis B vaccine series completion, and prevalence of vaccine-mediated immunity in the treatment and control groups were 29.0% vs. 17.8%, 22.1% vs. 13.1%, and 38.2% vs. 27.6%, respectively. The HBVIDV program was significantly associated with increased hepatitis B vaccination rate (OR, 1.884, 95% CI 1.725–2.057), hepatitis B vaccine series completion rate (OR, 1.872, 95% CI 1.696–2.065), and prevalence of vaccine-mediated immunity (OR, 1.623, 95% CI 1.501–1.755). The greater magnitude of association between HBVIDV program and outcomes was observed among adults aged 35–54 years and adults who live in rural areas. The HBVIDV program was effective in increasing the hepatitis B vaccination rate, hepatitis B vaccine series completion rate, and prevalence of vaccine-mediated immunity among adults in the pilot. Further focusing the program on special populations and regions may produce more effective results.

A Hepatitis B Vaccination Program in a Community Teaching Hospital

1987 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myron J. Tong ◽  
Ann M. Howard ◽  
Gary C. Schatz ◽  
Mark A. Kane ◽  
Deborah A. Roskamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Anamnestic Response ◽  
Low Level ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Fourth Dose ◽  
Hb Vaccine

AbstractPrior to offering the hepatitis B (HB) vaccine, a prescreen for hepatitis B virus (HBV) antibodies was conducted in a 565 bed hospital in Pasadena, California. Antibodies to the hepatitis B virus were detected in 14.5% of 1,745 employees tested. There was a significantly higher prevalence in those with a previous history of hepatitis, blood transfusions, exposure to nee-dlesticks, number of years in the same occupation, and in the same hospital work area. Employees of Asian extraction (33.3%) and blacks (23.1%) had a higher prevalence of antibodies to the hepatitis B virus than Hispanics (13.7%) and whites (10.2%). Anti-HBs was detected in 92.6% of 865 employees who received three doses of the hepatitis B vaccine. Only 28.6% of nonresponders receiving a fourth dose of hepatitis B vaccine produced anti-HBs. The nonresponders to the HB vaccine were older (average age 64.9 years) when compared to the responders (average age 37.5 years), and more males failed to produce anti-HBs after vaccination than females. Hepatitis B vaccination of the majority of individuals with either “low level” anti-HBs alone or anti-HBc alone did not elicit an anamnestic response after one dose of vaccine, implying that these “low level” antibodies are nonspecific and do not represent antiviral antibodies. Adverse reactions to the hepatitis B vaccine were minor and included a flulike syndrome, sore arm, and rash and swelling at the injection site. The reasons for nonparticipation were obtained from 179 individuals, and the main issue was concern about safety of the hepatitis B vaccine.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B vaccine adherence among homeless people

Rev Rene ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. e60690
Author(s):  
Vanessa Moura Carvalho de Oliveira ◽  
Marli Teresinha Gimeniz Galvão ◽  
Rômulo Veloso Nunes ◽  
Matheus Sousa Marques Carvalho ◽  
Cecília Natielly da Silva Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Virus Surface ◽  
B Virus

Objective: to estimate the adherence to hepatitis B vaccine in homeless people. Methods: a cross-sectional study with 90 homeless people, with the collection of 5 ml of blood for the detection of antibody against the surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus. Results: of the total, 89 (98.9%) were vaccinated with the first dose; of these, 45 (50.7%) had antibodies against hepatitis B virus surface antigen lower than 10 IU/L; 25 (53.3%) received the second dose of hepatitis B vaccine, and nine (45.8%) participants received the third dose of vaccine. Individuals who were related to both genders were more likely to adhere to the full hepatitis B vaccine schedule. Conclusion: the low adherence to hepatitis B vaccination and the small number of participants with antibodies that confer immunity against this infection were evidenced.

scholarly journals Coverage with Timely Administered Vaccination against Hepatitis B Virus and Its Influence on the Prevalence of HBV Infection in the Regions of Different Endemicity

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Karen K. Kyuregyan ◽  
Vera S. Kichatova ◽  
Olga V. Isaeva ◽  
Ilya A. Potemkin ◽  
Elena Yu. Malinnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Core Antigen ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Belgorod Oblast ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
B Virus

Universal hepatitis B vaccination of newborns was implemented in Russia starting from 1998. From 1998 to 2019, the incidence of acute hepatitis B reduced from 43.8 to 0.57 cases per 100,000 population. Here, we assessed the timely coverage of newborns with the birth dose (HepB-BD), second dose (HepB-2nd), and three vaccine doses (HepB3) in two remote regions of Russia with low (Belgorod Oblast) and high (Yakutia) levels of hepatitis B virus (HBV) endemicity. Vaccination data were obtained from the medical records of 1000 children in Yakutia and 2182 children in Belgorod Oblast. Sera of healthy volunteers from Belgorod Oblast (n = 1754) and Yakutia (n = 1072) across all age groups were tested for serological markers of HBV to assess the infection prevalence and herd immunity. Average HepB-BD coverage was 99.2% in Yakutia and 89.4% in Belgorod Oblast (p < 0.0001) and in both regions varied significantly, from 66% to 100%, between medical centers. The principal reason for the absence of HepB-BD was parent refusal, which accounted for 63.5% of cases of non-vaccination (83/123). While timely HepB-2nd coverage was only 55.4%–64.7%: HepB3 coverage by the age of one year exceeded 90% in both study regions. HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence in the 1998–2019 birth cohort was 0.2% (95% CI: 0.01–1.3%) in Belgorod Oblast and 3.2% (95% CI: 1.9–5.2%) in Yakutia. The proportion of persons testing negative for both antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs) and antibodies to HBV core antigen (anti-HBc) in the 1998–2019 birth cohort was 26.2% (125/481) in Belgorod Oblast and 32.3% (162/501) in Yakutia. We also assessed the knowledge of and attitude towards vaccination among 782 students and teachers of both medical and non-medical specialties from Belgorod State University. Only 60% of medical students knew that hepatitis B is a vaccine-preventable disease. Both medical and nonmedical students, 37.8% and 31.3%, respectively, expressed concerns about safety and actual necessity of vaccination. These data indicate the need to introduce a vaccine delivery audit system, improve medical education with respect to vaccination strategies and policies, and reinforce public knowledge on the benefits of vaccination.

Hepatitis B vaccine

1985 ◽  
Vol 23 (13) ◽  
pp. 49-51
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Primary Liver Cancer ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
B Virus

The hepatitis B virus is the most common cause world-wide of acute hepatitis, and also causes chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis1 and primary liver cancer.2 It can now be prevented by a vaccine. How should this best be used?

Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and uptake of hepatitis B vaccine among healthcare workers, Makueni County, Kenya 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
E N Kisangau ◽  
A Awour ◽  
B Juma ◽  
D Odhiambo ◽  
T Muasya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
B Virus

Abstract Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a vaccine-preventable infection that can spread in healthcare setting. Data on HBV infections and vaccine in African healthcare workers (HCWs) are limited. We estimated HBV infection prevalence, hepatitis B vaccination status and identified factors associated with vaccination in one Kenyan county. Methods Randomly selected HCWs completed a questionnaire about HBV exposure and self-reported immunization histories, and provided blood for testing of selected HBV biomarkers to assess HBV infection and vaccination status: HBV core antibodies (anti-HBc), HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBV surface antibodies (anti-HBs). Prevalence odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated to identify factors associated with vaccination. Results Among 312 HCWs surveyed, median age was 31 years (range: 19–67 years). Of 295 blood samples tested, 13 (4%) were anti-HBc and HBsAg-positive evidencing chronic HBV infection; 139 (47%) had protective anti-HBs levels. Although 249 (80%) HCWs received ≥1 HBV vaccine dose, only 119 (48%) received all three recommended doses. Complete vaccination was more likely among those working in hospitals compared to those working in primary healthcare facilities (OR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.4–4.3). Conclusion We recommend strengthening county HCW vaccination, and collecting similar data nationally to guide HBV prevention and control.

scholarly journals Prevalence of anti-HBc total positivity in an impoverished Urban Community in Banglades

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Dilip Kumar Ghosh ◽  
Chanchal Kumar Ghosh ◽  
Mukta Nath ◽  
Syed Alamgir Safwath ◽  
Santosh Kumar Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
Total Positivity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Core ◽  
B Virus

The infection with the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a global health problem. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections are rapidly spreading in developing countries due to the lack of health education, poverty, illiteracy and Hepatitis B vaccination. No widespread population based data of HBV is available in the country's aspect. So, a population-based serological survey was done to determine the prevalence of the Hepatitis B core antibody total (IgM+IgG) in an impoverished Urban Community in Dhaka, Bangladesh. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 healthy individuals and age between 18-60 years from the urban slum in Dhaka city. The study was implemented through collaboration with Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, Dhaka from January 2013 to June 2013. The study participants were selected through systematic sampling procedure and blood tested for anti-HBc. Anti-HBc estimations were carried out by VITROS Immune diagnostic assay. The study was pertained Ethical permission from Bangladesh Medical Research Council (BMRC) and every participant was informed regarding their written informed consent. Among the 384 respondents, 183(47.6%) individuals were positive for the core antibody of hepatitis B virus (anti-HBc). The anti HBc positive group consisted almost of equal number of male 93, (24.2%) and female 90 (23.4%). There was a significantly increasing prevalence of the core antibody among young adults and middle age of the respondents (28.7%). Major risk factors for exposure to Hepatitis B appeared to be Ear-nose-body piercing, Circumcision by Hajam, unsafe blood transfusion and unsterile dental intervention. High prevalence of hepatitis B Core antibody (47.6%) indicates that the members of this urban community are highly exposed to hepatitis B virus.

scholarly journals Acute Hepatitis B Co-infection in HIV-Infected Patients Despite Prior Hepatitis B Vaccination

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rolland ◽  
L. Antonova ◽  
J. Powis ◽  
T. Murdoch ◽  
D. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Acute Hepatitis B

Clinicians often assume that patients vaccinated for hepatitis B virus (HBV) have immunity. We report three cases of acute HBV infection in HBV-vaccinated HIV patients. These cases illustrate that patients at an elevated risk of HBV exposure presenting with acute hepatitis should be tested for HBV infection regardless of previous vaccination status.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document