Value of Whole-Body Washing With Chlorhexidine for the Eradication of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus:A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Clinical Trial

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1036-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Wendt ◽  
S. Schinke ◽  
M. Württemberger ◽  
K. Oberdorfer ◽  
O. Bock-Hensley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Antiseptic Solution ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial ◽  
Double Blinded

Background.Whole-body washing with antiseptic solution has been widely used as part of eradication treatment for colonization with methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA), but evidence for the effectiveness of this measure is limited.Objective.To study the efficacy of whole-body washing with chlorhexidine for the control of MRSA.Design.Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded clinical trial.Setting.University Hospital of Heidelberg and surrounding nursing homes.Patients.MRSA carriers who were not treated concurrently with antibiotics effective against MRSA were eligible for the study.Intervention.Five days of whole-body washing with either 4% chlorhexidine solution (treatment group) or with a placebo solution. All patients received mupirocin nasal ointment and chlorhexidine mouth rinse. The outcome was evaluated 3, 4, 5, 9, and 30 days after treatment with swab samples taken from several body sites.Results.Of 114 patients enrolled in the study (56 in the treatment group and 58 in the placebo group), 11 did not finish treatment (8 from the treatment group and 3 from the placebo group [P= .02]). At baseline, the groups did not differ with regard to age, sex, underlying condition, site of MRSA colonization, or history of MRSA eradication treatment. Eleven patients were MRSA-free 30 days after treatment (4 from the treatment group and 7 from the placebo group [P= .47]). Only groin-area colonization was significantly better eradicated by the use of chlorhexidine. The best predictor for total eradication was a low number of body sites positive for MRSA. Adverse effects were significantly more frequent in the treatment group than in the placebo group (any symptom, 71% vs 33%) but were reversible in most cases.Conclusion.Whole-body washing can reduce skin colonization, but it appears necessary to extend eradication measures to the gastrointestinal tract, wounds, and/or other colonized body sites if complete eradication is the goal.Trial Registration.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00266448.

scholarly journals A clinical trial to establish the effectiveness of homoeopathic treatment in conjunction with rational behaviour therapy in the treatment of dysthymic and adjustment disorder

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Natasha Louw
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Methods ◽  
Rational Behaviour

This was a double blind clinical trial, which included both quantitative and qualitative methods of analyses. A placebo group was compared with a treatment group, in order to establish whether or not homoeopathic treatment of dysthymic and adjustment disorder, in conjunction with rational behaviour therapy, altered patient score ratings in terms of the beck depression and yupi inventories. In depth interviews where conducted with each of the participants and content analysis was performed on each individual file.

scholarly journals The efficacy of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment in children with acute bloody diarrhea

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Selvi Nafianti ◽  
Oke R. Ramayani ◽  
Dedy G. Daulay ◽  
Supriatmo Supriatmo ◽  
Berlian Hasibuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Bloody Diarrhea ◽  
Fecal Analysis ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial ◽  
Stool Analysis

Background The etiologies of bloody diarrhea are shigella,amoeba, enterocolitis, trichuriasis, and other causes i.e, EIEC,Campylobacter jejuni or rotavirus. In developing countries,trimetroprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMP) is effective in 80%of children with bloody diarrhea.Objective To determine the efficacy of trimethoprim-sulfa-methoxazole (TMP-SMX) treatment in children with acute bloodydiarrhea.Methods A randomized double blind clinical trial was conductedin Adam Malik Hospital and Dr. Pirngadi Hospital Medan duringSeptember 2003-March 2004. Children aged 2-24 months oldwith diagnosis of acute bloody diarrhea were randomized into twogroups to either receive TMP-SMX or placebo for 5 days.Microscopic fecal analysis was performed on the first, second,fifth and twelfth day, and the results were compared.Results A total of 68 children consisted of 48 (71%) boys and 20(29%) girls were enrolled. Each group had 34 participants.Analysis of the first day showed leukocyte and erythrocyte in thestool specimens, which were all absent on the twelfth day in bothgroups. There was no difference in stool analysis between TMP-SMX and placebo group in day two (P=0.758), day five (P=0.341)and day twelve. Diarrhea duration in TMP-SMX and placebogroup was 7.18 days and 6.65 days, respectively. This differentwas statistically not significant (P=0.385).Conclusion There is no difference in the efficacy of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment compared to placebo in children withacute bloody diarrhea.

Results of a randomized double-blind clinical trial of Shugan-liangxue prescription for relieving hot flashes in breast cancer patients

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9086-9086
Author(s):  
P. Li ◽  
H. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Hot Flashes ◽  
Oral Solution ◽  
Endocrine Treatment ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial ◽  
Report Symptom

9086 Background: Hot flashes are a common side effect for BC pts during endocrine treatment. An oral solution of TCM is prescribed for the purpose of clearing heat and cooling blood. There is no phytoestrogen in TCM compound and each herbal with luciferase activity detection. 66 patients involved in the study from October 2004 to November 2006. Methods: A placebo controlled randomized double blind clinical trial was designed. The endpoint is hot flashes relieving. The second point is improving the sleeping disturbance. Sample numbers designed by statistician. Daily average of hot flashes was recorded by pts for a week as a baseline. The age, ER and PR status, hot flashes scores were distributed approximately equal between the two groups. Hot flashes scores were evaluated according to Kupperman menopausal index (KI). TCM or placebo liquid (100ml) was administrated orally three times a day for 3 weeks by a randomized envelope method. Results: Total 66 patients were evaluated. For hot flashes in placebo group 69.7%(23/33) no change, 30.3%(10/33) relieved, no pts report symptom disappear. There are 42.4%(14/33) hot flashes no change, 42.4 % (14/33) relieved, 15.2 %(5/33) hot flashes disappearance in TCM group (P=0.006). For sleeping disturbance in placebo group is 60.6%(20/33) no change, 39.4%(13/33) sleep improvement. In TCM group is 36.4%(12/33) no change, 63.6%(21/33) sleep improvement (P=0.049). Conclusions: According to the principle of TCM treatment hot flashes and ER and/or PR positive BC endocrine treatment characteristic, the TCM prescription is effective in alleviating tamoxifen-induced hot flashes and sleep disturbance while there is no phytoestrogen. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Comparing the Efficacy of Topical Metformin and Placebo in the Treatment of Melasma: A Randomized, Double-blind, Clinical Trial

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Mapar ◽  
Ali Asghar Hemmati ◽  
Ghazal Namdari
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial ◽  
Metformin Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
P 16 ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Generally affecting women, melasma is the acquired disorder of hyperpigmentation, and researches are still ongoing to find an effective, fast, and low-side-effect drug treating this disease. The present study is aimed at comparing the efficacy of topical metformin and placebo in the treatment of melasma. Methods: Sixty patients with melasma were treated in placebo and topical metformin recipient groups in a double-blind clinical trial. In addition to the demographic and laboratory findings of patients before and after the intervention, the MASI Score of patients in weeks 0, 4, 8, and 12 of the study and then one month after the study were analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Results: The mean age of the studied patients was 35.25 ± 7.11 years. No significant difference was observed between the phenotypes (P= .49) and the type of melasma (P= .63) in the two groups. The mean MASI score of patients at the time of being included in the study in the placebo group was 10.47 ± 3.08; and in the metformin group, it was 11.93 ± 4.64 (P = .16). Compared to the beginning of the study, the MASI scores were significantly decreased in both groups of placebo (P = .00) and metformin (P = .00) one month after the end of the study; nevertheless, no statistically significant difference was observed between the MASI Scores of two groups in any of the study periods (P > .05). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that metformin cream significantly declines the patients’ MASI score and does not have any effect on patients’ laboratory markers. Of course, no significant difference was observed between the MASI scores of the patients receiving metformin and the placebo group; however, the MASI score decrease trend continued until the 12th week; while in the placebo group, no significant decrease was seen after eight weeks.

The assessment of randomized double blind clinical trial of Shugan-liangxue prescription used for the treatment of hot flashes in breast cancer patients

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 8584-8584
Author(s):  
P. Li
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Hot Flashes ◽  
Oral Solution ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Hot Flash ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial ◽  
Significant Difference

8584 Background: Hot flashes are a common side effect for breast cancer (BC) pts with TAM treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is typically given to BC pts in China. This trial is to assess the effects of TCM for relieving hot flashes. TCM oral solution is prescribed for clearing heat and cooling blood. The compound was tested and contained no phytoestrogen. A randomized, double blind clinical trial was designed to examine the effects of TCM over a 3-week period. Methods: From October 2004 to October 2005, 49 BC pts undergoing treatment with TAM who having hot flashes at least 3 times a day involved the study. Daily average of hot flashes was recorded by the pts for a week as a baseline. TCM or placebo liquid (100 ml) was administered orally three times a day for 3 weeks by a randomized double-blind method. The number of hot flashes and quantity of sleep disturbance in the two groups were evaluated. Results: 45 pts were evaluated in TCM group (n = 22) and the placebo group (n = 23). The severity of the hot flash symptoms was evaluated according to the Kupperman menopausal index (KI). Pts were distributed approximately equally between the two groups. There were 31% (7/22) and 26% (6/23)pts with mild hot flashes in TCM and placebo groups, and 68% (15/22) and 73% (17/23) with severe hot flashes in TCM and placebo groups. Hot flash relief was described as either symptom disappearing, a decrease from severe to mild symptoms, or no change. In TCM group, 50% showed no change, 27% decrease and 23% symptoms disappearing. In the placebo group, 70% no change, 30% decrease and no pts reporting symptoms disappearing. A statistically significant difference exists between the two groups (P < 0.05). In TCM group, 73% of pts sleep improvement compared to 35% in the placebo group (P < 0.05). No adverse events or any side effects were reported. Conclusion: The oral solution of TCM is effective in alleviating tamoxifen-induced hot flashes and sleep disturbance. The study of the drug’s mechanism and an expanded clinical trial are underway. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Influence of Flunarizine on the Altered Electronystagmographic (Eng) Recordings in Migraine

Cephalalgia ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 173-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
LA Pini ◽  
A Ferrari ◽  
G Guidetti ◽  
G Galetti ◽  
E Sternieri
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Prophylactic Treatment ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Placebo Period ◽  
Calcium Blocker ◽  
Slow Channel ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial ◽  
The Common ◽  
Unit Index

Flunarizine, a slow-channel calcium blocker, appeared to be effective in the prophylactic treatment of common and classic migraine in 29 out-patients included in a double-blind clinical trial. After a two-month placebo period, half the patients were treated with flunarizine, 10 mg a day for up to 120 days, half with placebo. Electronystagmographic (ENG) recordings were performed at the end of the common placebo period and after two and four months of treatment, respectively. There was a significant reduction in Headache Unit Index (HUI) and Headache Unit Index Corrected (HUIC) (42% and 40.5% respectively) in the flunarizinetreated group but not in the placebo group. Analgesic intake was reduced and intensity of pain was unchanged in both groups throughout the trial. ENG data were not significantly affected by flunarizine treatment.

scholarly journals The effect of blue and pink lotus flower extract on acne vulgaris: A randomized double-blind clinical trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Flower Extract ◽  
Lotus Flower

Background: Acne vulgaris is one of the leading ubiquitous diseases around the world. It is a multifactorial disease which does not threaten life but has serious psychological effects on patients. Patients with moderate to severe acne have been suggested to have poor body image, poor self-esteem, and social isolation and activity constraints. Increased levels of anxiety, anger, depression and frustration are also observed in patients with acne as part of the emotional impact. Research gap: More research onanti-acne treatmentsis necessary for two reasons. First, the prevalence of acne incidence is high and the effect on the quality of life is profound. Second, there is, according to the numerous studies, a lack of ant-acne treatments that have less side effect. The use ofmedicinal plants and particularly blue and pink lotus flower extract, with its autoinflammatory effect, could be promising. The blue and pink lotus flower extract is suggested to reduces the activity of sebum overproduction and helps to balance sebum secretion. Objective:The objective of this study was to examine the medical efficacy ofblue and pink lotus flower extract in acne vulgaris. Method:In a randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial, 42 patients (21 patients in treatment and 21 in placebo group) were randomly received Nymphaea Caerulea Flower Extract, Nelumbo Nucifera Flower and placebo extract, twice daily for 1 month. We recorded he Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) grading score for each participant. In addition, we evaluated the Acne disability index (ADI) utilizing a standard questionnaire filled out by the participants at the beginning and at the end of the study. Results:The results indicated a 76% mean reduction in the IGA score on the treated group. The mean reduction in the vehicle-treated group, on the other hand, was 4.2%. We also found that the number of comedones, papules, and pustules significantly reduced in the treatment group after 30 days. Additionally, the Acne disability index (ADI) score decreased by 65.01 percent in treatment group, and only 5.6 percent in the placebo group. The current study could not discover any significant side effect in both groups. Conclusion:The blue and pink lotus flower extract had significant effects on improving the symptoms of acnevulgaris. The results of this study, because of the small sample size, should however be interpreted with caution. The future study on the medical efficacy of the mentioned extract should examine with larger samples.

scholarly journals Hyoscine versus diazepam for the management of true vertigo in the emergency department

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Hamid Kariman ◽  
Firoozeh Vajihi ◽  
Afshin Amini ◽  
Ali Shahrami ◽  
Ali Arhami-Dolatabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Complete Relief ◽  
Sitting Position ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial

<p class="Abstract">The present study was a double-blind clinical trial to compare the efficiency of hysocine and diazepam in vertigo treatment. Eligible patients (n=69) were randomly divided into 2 groups of 5 mg hyoscine and 10 mg diazepam. Severity of vertigo was measured in supine and sitting position, and while turning the head. Vertigo severity was assessed before, and 1 and 2 hours after administration of the drug. Treatment success rate of diazepam in relieving vertigo in different positions varied between 88.9 and 100%, while this rate was 31.2–73.5% in hyoscine treatment group (p&lt;0.01). Prescription of diazepam led to complete relief of vertigo in 40–63% of the patients, while this rate was only 2.6–12.5% in hyoscine treatment group (p&lt;0.001). It is likely that diazepam is a better option than hyoscine for management of true vertigo in patients presenting to the emergency department.</p>

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