Independently tunable dual resonant dip refractive index sensor based on metal-insulator-metal waveguide with Q-shaped resonant cavity

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haowen Chen ◽  
Yunping Qi ◽  
Jinghui Ding ◽  
Yujiao Yuan ◽  
Zhenting Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Resonant Cavity ◽  
Fdtd Method ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Refractive Index Sensor ◽  
Metal Insulator ◽  
Metal Waveguide ◽  
Metal Insulator Metal ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Refractive Index Sensors

Abstract A plasmonic resonator system consisting of a metal-insulator-metal waveguide and a Q-shaped resonant cavity is proposed in this paper. The transmission properties of surface plasmon polaritons in this structure are investigated using the finite difference in time domain (FDTD) method, and the simulation results contain two resonant dips. And the physical mechanism is studied by the multimode interference coupled mode theory (MICMT), the theoretical results are in highly consistent with the simulation results. Furthermore, the parameters of the Q-shaped cavity can be controlled to adjust two dips respectively. The refractive index sensor with a sensitivity of 1578nm/RIU and figure of merit (FOM) of 175, performs better than most of the similar structures. Therefore, the results of the study are instructive for the design and application of high sensitivity nanoscale refractive index sensors.

scholarly journals Improved Refractive Index-Sensing Performance of Multimode Fano-Resonance-Based Metal-Insulator-Metal Nanostructures

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2097
Author(s):  
Yuan-Fong Chou Chau ◽  
Chung-Ting Chou Chao ◽  
Siti Zubaidah Binti Haji Jumat ◽  
Muhammad Raziq Rahimi Kooh ◽  
Roshan Thotagamuge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Fano Resonance ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Metal Nanostructures ◽  
Refractive Index Sensor ◽  
Metal Insulator ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Metal Insulator Metal ◽  
Mode 2

This work proposed a multiple mode Fano resonance-based refractive index sensor with high sensitivity that is a rarely investigated structure. The designed device consists of a metal–insulator–metal (MIM) waveguide with two rectangular stubs side-coupled with an elliptical resonator embedded with an air path in the resonator and several metal defects set in the bus waveguide. We systematically studied three types of sensor structures employing the finite element method. Results show that the surface plasmon mode’s splitting is affected by the geometry of the sensor. We found that the transmittance dips and peaks can dramatically change by adding the dual air stubs, and the light–matter interaction can effectively enhance by embedding an air path in the resonator and the metal defects in the bus waveguide. The double air stubs and an air path contribute to the cavity plasmon resonance, and the metal defects facilitate the gap plasmon resonance in the proposed plasmonic sensor, resulting in remarkable characteristics compared with those of plasmonic sensors. The high sensitivity of 2600 nm/RIU and 1200 nm/RIU can simultaneously achieve in mode 1 and mode 2 of the proposed type 3 structure, which considerably raises the sensitivity by 216.67% for mode 1 and 133.33% for mode 2 compared to its regular counterpart, i.e., type 2 structure. The designed sensing structure can detect the material’s refractive index in a wide range of gas, liquids, and biomaterials (e.g., hemoglobin concentration).

scholarly journals Refractive index sensor and filter of metal-insulator-metal waveguide based on ring resonator embedded by cross structure

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (19) ◽  
pp. 197301
Author(s):  
Qi Yun-Ping ◽  
Zhang Xue-Wei ◽  
Zhou Pei-Yang ◽  
Hu Bing-Bing ◽  
Wang Xiang-Xian
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Ring Resonator ◽  
Refractive Index Sensor ◽  
Metal Insulator ◽  
Metal Waveguide ◽  
Metal Insulator Metal ◽  
Cross Structure

scholarly journals Plasmonic Multichannel Refractive Index Sensor Based on Subwavelength Tangent-Ring Metal–Insulator–Metal Waveguide

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zicong Guo ◽  
Kunhua Wen ◽  
Qinyang Hu ◽  
Wenhui Lai ◽  
Jiyan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Refractive Index Sensor ◽  
Metal Insulator ◽  
Metal Waveguide ◽  
Metal Insulator Metal

A refractive index sensor based on an analogy T shaped metal–insulator–metal waveguide

Optik ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 1199-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Wang ◽  
Ya-Ping Zeng ◽  
Zhi-Yong Wang ◽  
Xiong-Ping Xia ◽  
Qiu-Qun Liang
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Refractive Index Sensor ◽  
Metal Insulator ◽  
Metal Waveguide ◽  
Metal Insulator Metal

scholarly journals Metal-insulator-metal nanoresonators – strongly confined modes for high surface sensitivity

Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1547-1552
Author(s):  
George Duffett ◽  
Ralph Wirth ◽  
Mathieu Rayer ◽  
Emiliano R. Martins ◽  
Thomas F. Krauss
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Metal Insulator ◽  
Surface Sensitivity ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Metal Insulator Metal ◽  
Spatially Extended ◽  
Extended Surface ◽  
Refractive Index Sensors

AbstractPhotonic and plasmonic refractive index sensors are able to detect increasingly smaller refractive index changes and concentrations of clinically relevant substances. They typically exploit optical resonances and aim to maximise the field overlap with the analyte in order to achieve high sensitivity. Correspondingly, they operate on the basis of maximizing the bulk sensitivity, which favours spatially extended modes. We note that this strategy, counter-intuitively, is not necessarily suitable for detecting biomolecules and one should focus on the surface sensitivity instead. Here, we show that by confining light tightly in metal-insulator-metal (MIM) nanoresonators, the surface sensitivity is significantly increased despite a clear decrease in bulk sensitivity. In particular, we experimentally show the operation of third order MIM resonators which support both extended surface plasmon polariton (SPP) modes and localized MIM modes. We are able to demonstrate that the MIM mode has a sensitivity of 55 nm/RIU to a 10 nm layer, which is approximately twice as high as that of the SPP mode. Overall, our work emphasizes the importance of the surface sensitivity over the more commonly used bulk sensitivity and it shows a novel approach for improving it. These insights are highly relevant for the design of next generation optical biosensors.

scholarly journals Numerical investigation of a small footprint plasmonic Bragg grating structure with a high extinction ratio

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ali Butt
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Bragg Grating ◽  
Refractive Index Sensor ◽  
Metal Insulator ◽  
Grating Structure ◽  
Refractive Index Sensing ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Metal Waveguide ◽  
Metal Insulator Metal ◽  
Small Footprint

In this paper, miniaturized design of a plasmonic Bragg grating filter is investigated via the finite element method (FEM). The filter is based on a plasmonic metal-insulator-metal waveguide deposited on a quartz substrate. The corrugated Bragg grating designed for near-infrared wavelength range is structured on both sides of the waveguide. The spectral characteristics of the filter are studied by varying the geometric parameters of the filter design. As a result, the maximum ER and bandwidth of 36.2 dB and 173 nm is obtained at λBragg=976 nm with a filter footprint of as small as 1.0 x 8.75 µm2, respectively. The ER and bandwidth can be further improved by increasing the number of grating periods and the strength of the grating, respectively. Moreover, the Bragg grating structure is quite receptive to the refractive index of the medium. These features allow the employment of materials such as polymers in the metal-insulator-metal waveguide which can be externally tuned or it can be used for refractive index sensing applications. The sensitivity of the proposed Bragg grating structure can offer a sensitivity of 950 nm/RIU. We believe that the study presented in this paper provides a guideline for the realization of small footprint plasmonic Bragg grating structures which can be employed in filter and refractive index sensing applications. Full Text: PDF ReferencesJ. W. Field et al., "Miniaturised, Planar, Integrated Bragg Grating Spectrometer", 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe and European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC), Munich, Germany, 2019, CrossRef L. Cheng, S. Mao, Z. Li, Y. Han, H.Y. Fu, "Grating Couplers on Silicon Photonics: Design Principles, Emerging Trends and Practical Issues", Micromachines, 11, 666 (2020). CrossRef J. Missinne, N. T. Beneitez, M-A. Mattelin, A. Lamberti, G. Luyckx, W. V. Paepegem, G. V. Steenberge, "Bragg-Grating-Based Photonic Strain and Temperature Sensor Foils Realized Using Imprinting and Operating at Very Near Infrared Wavelengths", Sensors, 18, 2717 (2018). CrossRef M. A. Butt, S.N. Khonina, N.L. Kazanskiy, "Numerical analysis of a miniaturized design of a Fabry–Perot resonator based on silicon strip and slot waveguides for bio-sensing applications", Journal of Modern Optics, 66, 1172-1178 (2019). CrossRef H. Qiu, J. Jiang, P. Yu, T. Dai, J. Yang, H. Yu, X. Jiang, "Silicon band-rejection and band-pass filter based on asymmetric Bragg sidewall gratings in a multimode waveguide", Optics Letters, 41, 2450 (2016). CrossRef M. A. Butt, S.N. Khonina, N.L. Kazanskiy, "Optical elements based on silicon photonics", Computer Optics, 43, 1079-1083 (2019). CrossRef N. L. Kazanskiy, S.N. Khonina, M.A. Butt, "Plasmonic sensors based on Metal-insulator-metal waveguides for refractive index sensing applications: A brief review", Physica E, 117, 113798 (2020). CrossRef L. Lu et al, "Mode-Selective Hybrid Plasmonic Bragg Grating Reflector", IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 22, 1765-1767 (2012). CrossRef R. Negahdari, E. Rafiee, F. Emami, "Design and simulation of a novel nano-plasmonic split-ring resonator filter", Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, 32, 1925-1938 (2018). CrossRef M. Janfaza, M. A. Mansouri-Birjandi, "Tunable plasmonic band-pass filter based on Fabry–Perot graphene nanoribbons", Applied Physics B, 123, 262 (2017). CrossRef C. Wu, G. Song, L. Yu, J.H. Xiao, "Tunable narrow band filter based on a surface plasmon polaritons Bragg grating with a metal–insulator–metal waveguide", Journal of Modern Optics, 60, 1217-1222 (2013). CrossRef J. Zhu, G. Wang, "Sense high refractive index sensitivity with bragg grating and MIM nanocavity", Results in Physics, 15, 102763 (2019). CrossRef Y. Binfeng, H. Guohua, C. Yiping, "Design of a compact and high sensitive refractive index sensor base on metal-insulator-metal plasmonic Bragg grating", Optics Express, 22, 28662-28670 (2014). CrossRef A.D. Simard, Y. Painchaud, S. Larochelle, "Small-footprint integrated Bragg gratings in SOI spiral waveguides", International Quantum Electronics Conference Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe, IEEE, Munich, Germany (2013). CrossRef C. Klitis, G. Cantarella, M. J. Strain, M. Sorel, "High-extinction-ratio TE/TM selective Bragg grating filters on silicon-on-insulator", Optics Letters, 42, 3040 (2017). CrossRef J. Ctyroky et al., "Design of narrowband Bragg spectral filters in subwavelength grating metamaterial waveguides", Optics Express, 26, 179 (2018). CrossRef M.A. Butt, N.L. Kazanskiy, S.N. Khonina, "Hybrid plasmonic waveguide race-track µ-ring resonator: Analysis of dielectric and hybrid mode for refractive index sensing applications", Laser Phys., 30, 016202 (2020). CrossRef M. A. Butt, N.L. Kazanskiy, S.N. Khonina, "Label-free detection of ambient refractive index based on plasmonic Bragg gratings embedded resonator cavity sensor", Journal of Modern Optics, 66, 1920-1925 (2019). CrossRef N. L. Kazanskiy, M.A. Butt, Photonics Letters of Poland, 12, 1-3 (2020). CrossRef Z. Guo, K. Wen, Q. Hu, W. Lai, J. Lin, Y. Fang, "Plasmonic Multichannel Refractive Index Sensor Based on Subwavelength Tangent-Ring Metal–Insulator–Metal Waveguide", Sensors, 18, 1348 (2018). CrossRef

scholarly journals A Plasmonic Chip-Scale Refractive Index Sensor Design Based on Multiple Fano Resonances

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 3181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunhua Wen ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Jinyun Zhou ◽  
Liang Lei ◽  
Yihong Fang
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Fdtd Method ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Refractive Index Sensor ◽  
Fano Resonances ◽  
Metal Insulator Metal ◽  
High Figure ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Difference Time ◽  
Sub Wavelength

In this paper, multiple Fano resonances preferred in the refractive index sensing area are achieved based on sub-wavelength metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguides. Two slot cavities, which are placed between or above the MIM waveguides, can support the bright modes or the dark modes, respectively. Owing to the mode interferences, dual Fano resonances with obvious asymmetrical spectral responses are achieved. High sensitivity and high figure of merit are investigated by using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. In view of the development of chip-scale integrated photonics, two extra slot cavities are successively added to the structure, and consequently, three and four ultra-sharp Fano peaks with considerable performances are obtained, respectively. It is believed that this proposed structure can find important applications in the on-chip optical sensing and optical communication areas.

scholarly journals Dual Fano Resonances Induced by Rectangle-based Plasmonic Resonator for Refractive Index Nano-sensor

2021 ◽  
Vol 2125 (1) ◽  
pp. 012005
Author(s):  
Yang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Important Application ◽  
Refractive Index Sensor ◽  
Fano Resonances ◽  
Metal Insulator ◽  
Metal Insulator Metal ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Photonic Circuit ◽  
Plasmonic Resonator

Abstract A tunable dual Fano-like plasmonic structure consisting of metal-insulator-metal (MIM), baffle and a rectangular cavity containing two identical rectangular metal blocks is obtained. Numerical simulation results show that there are dual Fano resonances in the transmission spectrum of the structure, which can be tuned by changing the geometric parameters of the structure. In addition, due to the apparent asymmetry of the Fano resonances, the system was developed as an effective refractive index sensor (RIS) with a sensitivity of 853 nm/RIU and figure of merit (FOM) of 1631. It is considered that this structure has important application value in high integrated photonic circuit.

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