scholarly journals Numerical simulation of electrical network left ventricular circulatory system with biological valve motion model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2005 (1) ◽  
pp. 012195
Author(s):  
Xiangyu Wu ◽  
Yunpeng Zhang ◽  
Houfu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Electrical Network ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Biological Valve ◽  
Valve Motion

scholarly journals Osteoprotegerin and RANKL-RANK-OPG-TRAIL signalling axis in heart failure and other cardiovascular diseases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mieczysław Dutka ◽  
Rafał Bobiński ◽  
Wojciech Wojakowski ◽  
Tomasz Francuz ◽  
Celina Pająk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Prognostic Indicator ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
High Ratio

AbstractOsteoprotegerin (OPG) is a glycoprotein involved in the regulation of bone remodelling. OPG regulates osteoclast activity by blocking the interaction between the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK) and its ligand (RANKL). More and more studies confirm the relationship between OPG and cardiovascular diseases. Numerous studies have confirmed that a high plasma concentration of OPG and a low concentration of tumour necrosis factor–related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) together with a high OPG/TRAIL ratio are predictors of poor prognosis in patients with myocardial infarction. A high plasma OPG concentration and a high ratio of OPG/TRAIL in the acute myocardial infarction are a prognostic indicator of adverse left ventricular remodelling and of the development of heart failure. Ever more data indicates the participation of OPG in the regulation of the function of vascular endothelial cells and the initiation of the atherosclerotic process in the arteries. Additionally, it has been shown that TRAIL has a protective effect on blood vessels and exerts an anti-atherosclerotic effect. The mechanisms of action of both OPG and TRAIL within the cells of the vascular wall are complex and remain largely unclear. However, these mechanisms of action as well as their interaction in the local vascular environment are of great interest to researchers. This article presents the current state of knowledge on the mechanisms of action of OPG and TRAIL in the circulatory system and their role in cardiovascular diseases. Understanding these mechanisms may allow their use as a therapeutic target in cardiovascular diseases in the future.

Age Wise Internal Morphometrical Studies on the Heart of Pre-natal Non-descript Sheep

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.K. Sahu ◽  
U.K. Mishra ◽  
S. Sathapathy ◽  
S.M. Nanda
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Internal Parameters ◽  
Measuring Cylinder ◽  
Central Organ

Background: Heart is the central organ of circulatory system that pumps blood into the blood vessels and performs many vital functions. Its development before birth must be studied to safeguard the animal from the occurrence and consequences of various developmental anomalies. The detailed morphometry of different internal parameters of heart especially in pre-natal sheep has not yet been reported. Methods: The foeti of sheep were divided into two age groups viz. mid prenatal (51-100 days) and late prenatal (101 to 150 days) with fifteen animals in each age group. The various internal parameters were recorded by using digital weighing machine, graduated measuring cylinder, digital Vernier’s calliper, non-stretchable nylon thread and graduated scale. The data recorded was statistically analysed by independent t test with IBM SPSS 25.0 version software. Result: The average thickness of left ventricular wall of heart was measured as 2.85±0.15mm and 4.28±0.07mm in mid prenatal and late prenatal stages respectively with significant (p£0.01) differences between the ages. Similarly, the average diameter of left atrio-ventricular opening of heart was measured as 2.06±0.27mm and 6.08±0.36mm in mid prenatal and late prenatal stages respectively with significant (p£0.01) differences between the ages. The average length of septal papillary muscle in right ventricle was measured as 1.12±0.10mm and 3.29±0.21mm in mid prenatal and late prenatal stages respectively with significant (p£0.01) differences between the ages. Further, the average length of moderator band in heart was measured as 1.45±0.11mm and 4.34±0.23mm in mid prenatal and late prenatal stages respectively with significant (p£0.01) differences between the ages. Similarly, the average length of chordae tendinae in right ventricle of heart was measured as 0.97±0.09mm and 3.50±0.34mm in mid prenatal and late prenatal stages respectively with significant (p£0.01) differences between the ages. 

Computational Study on the Effects of Peripheral Vessel Network on Blood Flow in the Arterial Circle of Willis

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigefumi Tokuda ◽  
Takeshi Unemura ◽  
Marie Oshima
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Peripheral Vessel

Cerebrovascular disorder such as subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is 3rd position of the cause of death in Japan [1]. Its initiation and growth are reported to depend on hemodynamic factors, particularly on wall shear stress or blood pressure induced by blood flow. In order to investigate the information on the hemodynamic quantities in the cerebral vascular system, the authors have been developing a computational tool using patient-specific modeling and numerical simulation [2]. In order to achieve an in vivo simulation of living organisms, it is important to apply appropriate physiological conditions such as physical properties, models, and boundary conditions. Generally, the numerical simulation using a patient-specific model is conducted for a localized region near the research target. Although the analysis region is only a part of the circulatory system, the simulation has to include the effects from the entire circulatory system. Many studies have carried out to derive the boundary conditions to model in vivo environment [3–5]. However, it is not easy to obtain the biological data of cerebral arteries due to head capsule.

EVALUATION OF LEFT VENTRICULAR FILLING PRESSURE USING NUMERICAL MODELING

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (07) ◽  
pp. 2050043
Author(s):  
A. BENFOULA ◽  
L. HAMZA CHERIF ◽  
K. N. HAKKOUM
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Filling Pressure ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Ventricular Dilation ◽  
Ventricular Filling Pressure ◽  
Ventricular Filling

The main objective of this work is to study the effect of blood pressure and viscosity on flow in a pathological and healthy anatomy. The method chosen for this project is the numerical simulation of fluid dynamics. First, a radiological database from Tlemcen hospital was studied in order to select a patient whose aortic anatomy is representative of the pathology studied in this research project. The left ventricle was segmented using SolidWork software. The exported data made it possible to model this geometry on Comsol software. The geometry has been idealized to make it comparable to a given healthy left ventricle geometry and present the main parameters which influence the ventricular hemodynamics. A first series of numerical simulations made it possible to highlight the hemodynamic disturbances associated with the pathology of interest and described extensively in the literature. A second series of numerical simulations made it possible to model the effect of blood viscosity on flow. All the results obtained, the modeling of the left ventricle, must be valid experimentally. This study therefore does not completely justify the treatment of ventricular dilation with a flow modulator but constitutes an important first step towards a proof of concept.

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