scholarly journals Mechanical characterization of a concrete masonry block enhanced with micro-encapsulated phase changing materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 2042 (1) ◽  
pp. 012184
Author(s):  
Talal Salem ◽  
Mohamad Kazma ◽  
Judy Bitar ◽  
Joseph Moussa ◽  
Dalia Falah
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Building Performance ◽  
Masonry Unit ◽  
Building Envelopes ◽  
Concrete Masonry ◽  
Concrete Mix

Abstract Global energy demand has been increasing exponentially in the last three decades, which has been exacerbated by climate change. To alleviate the energy load, researchers have been exploring innovative passive techniques to enhance the thermal performance of building envelopes. This research evaluates a novel building envelope solution, which includes the development of a Concrete Masonry Unit that is integrated with bio-based micro-encapsulated Phase Changing Materials. The mechanical behaviour of the enhanced CMU is investigated to study the applicability of PCMs into the no-slump concrete mix. Compatibility with the applicable standards opens a broader prospect for thermal characterization and building performance simulations of PCM enhanced CMU building envelopes.

scholarly journals Experimental and Numerical Energy Assessment of a Monolithic Aerogel Glazing Unit for Building Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
pp. 5473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cinzia Buratti ◽  
Elisa Moretti ◽  
Elisa Belloni ◽  
Michele Zinzi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
New Production ◽  
Dynamic Simulations ◽  
Building Envelopes ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
Rapid Supercritical Extraction ◽  
Heating Energy Demand

In the last few decades, the attention of researchers has been focused on the characterization of aerogels in order to improve the thermal performance of transparent building envelopes. Granular aerogel is already spread in the market thanks to the easy manufacturing system, whereas the difficulty in producing monoliths without defects, cracks, and inhomogeneity limited the diffusion of monolithic aerogel systems. A new production process for the monolithic panels was developed at Union College (Schenectady, NY, USA); it is a rapid supercritical extraction technique which allows a reduction in production time (only a few hours) and results in less solvent waste. Panes with maximum dimensions of about 100 × 100 mm were fabricated and composed in a unique glazing system, with external dimensions 300 × 300 mm. The thermal characterization of the innovative monolithic aerogel glazing system (simple float glazing 4.7-mm-thick monolithic aerogel pane 15-mm-thick simple float glazing 4.7 mm thick), which was carried out by means of a Small Hot Box apparatus, showed a thermal transmittance value of about 1.1 W/(m2K). Data was used in dynamic simulations of a typical non-residential building. They showed that the new investigated solution allows a valuable reduction with respect to a low-e double glazing system in terms of heating energy demand (about 5–7% for Helsinki, 8–12% for Paris, and 10–15% for Turin), for different window-to-wall ratios.

scholarly journals Quality Control of the Thermal Properties of Superstructures in Accommodation Spaces in Naval Constructions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 4194
Author(s):  
David Bienvenido-Huertas ◽  
Juan Moyano ◽  
Carlos E. Rodríguez-Jiménez ◽  
Aurelio Muñoz-Rubio ◽  
Francisco Javier Bermúdez Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Heat Flow ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Flow Meter ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems ◽  
Heat Flow Meter

The application of passive design strategies in ships, such as the use of superstructures with high thermal insulation, allows the energy demand of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems to be reduced. There is a knowledge gap in the scientific literature on the possibilities to thermally characterize superstructures. Knowing such possibilities would make a methodology available for the quality control of naval constructions and for the inspection of the appropriate state of insulations in existing ships. For this purpose, a total of three different typologies of ship superstructures were monitored, and the data obtained were analyzed by using various existing approaches for the thermal characterization of façades: the heat flow meter method and temperature measurement methods. The results showed that the heat flow meter method constitutes a valid methodology to obtain representative results. In addition, guaranteeing a thermal gradient dependent of the wall typology and placing probes in zones not influenced by thermal bridges ensure that representative results are achieved.

Mechanical, Electrical and Thermal Characterization of Commercially Available LTCC Dielectric Tapes

2013 ◽  
Vol 543 ◽  
pp. 212-215
Author(s):  
Goran Radosavljević ◽  
Nelu Blaž ◽  
Andrea Marić ◽  
W. Smetana ◽  
Ljiljana Živanov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Material Characterization ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Material Parameters ◽  
Mechanical And Electrical Properties

Presented paper deals with mechanical and electrical properties of several commercially available LTCC (Low Temperature Co-fired Technology) tapes, as well as their thermal characterization. Three commercially available dielectric tape materials provided by Heraeus (CT700, CT707 and CT800) are investigated. The samples for determination of significant material parameters are prepared using the standard LTCC fabrication process. Results of the material characterization (chemical analysis, surface roughness electrical and mechanical properties) are presented. In addition thermo-electrical and-mechanical characterization of investigated tapes analysis is performed.

Air infiltration through building envelopes: A review

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chadi Younes ◽  
Caesar Abi Shdid ◽  
Girma Bitsuamlak
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Air ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Air Leakage ◽  
Building Envelopes ◽  
Air Infiltration ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Evaluation Techniques

Air leakage through the building envelope into the building interiors has a considerable impact on the energy loads and consequently energy demand and energy costs of buildings. This phenomenon known as infiltration happens through various openings and venues in the building envelope varying from large openings such as doors and windows to minute cracks and crevices. In addition to impacting building energy loads, infiltration impacts indoor air quality and can result in moisture accumulation problems in the building envelope. A generalized review of infiltration that includes evaluation techniques and models, quantification, and interaction with other heat transfer phenomena is presented in this article.

scholarly journals Envelopes Have Layers - Improving Performance and Legibility of Building Envelopes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Grace Tennent
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Residential Construction ◽  
Building Performance ◽  
Architectural Drawings ◽  
Construction Quality ◽  
Building Envelopes ◽  
Healthy Homes ◽  
Heat Control ◽  
And Performance

<p><b>Residential timber framed buildings in New Zealand continue to have issues in relation to performance as a result of poor initial building envelope design and a lack of construction quality. </b></p> <p>Building envelopes need to be designed in respect to fundamental building envelope science. It is also crucial that drawings and details relating to the building envelope are clear if the desired level of performance is to be achieved. And, ultimately, the architectural drawings that are developed must be practical in respect to buildability – the construction methodology and detailing of the building envelope must be practical and achievable if the desired outcomes are to be achieved.</p> <p>The legibility and identification of building envelope control layers on architectural drawings communicates building envelope performance and helps to ensure buildability of control layers, particularly in respect to their continuity during construction. </p> <p>Readable (clarity) and buildable (constructability) architectural details, which respect the fundamentals of building envelope science in regard to rain, air, vapour, and heat control, can improve construction quality in New Zealand, increase building performance, and provide durable, efficient and healthy homes.</p> <p>This research focuses on building envelopes constructed from timber framing as this is the most common method of residential construction in New Zealand. Common New Zealand building envelope detail drawings from a range of contexts are used to critique current New Zealand building envelope design. This analysis identifies common building envelope problems in regard to drawing readability and performance.</p> <p>The research proposes a revised set of building envelope details for a timber framed terraced house, which feature an enhanced way of achieving and communicating performance and buildability within building envelope drawings and details.</p>

Influence of the Kind and the Shape of Insulating Materials on the Mechanical Properties of the Composites Plaster- Granular Cork and Plaster- Fiber Alpha

2021 ◽  
Vol 886 ◽  
pp. 241-255
Author(s):  
Youssef Maaloufa ◽  
Soumia Mounir ◽  
Khabbazi Abdelhamid ◽  
Khalid El Harrouni
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Insulating Materials

The objective of our work is to study the influence of nature and the shape of the insulating materials on the mechanical performance of composites based on plaster. The study aims to increase the thermal performance of the building envelope and the same time maintains sufficient mechanical properties of the composites studied. Plaster was combined with two additives (alpha fiber and granular cork). A physical and mechanical characterization of the composites plaster-fiber alpha and plaster-cork was carried on. Authors obtained an important gain in term of lightness 27 % concerning the composite plaster-fiber alpha, however for the composite plaster-cork, the value is 34 %. Concerning the mechanical properties, authors found a decrease in flexural strength of 60 % for the plaster-cork, and an increase of 33 % for the plaster-alpha fiber. For the compressive strength, a reduce of 87 % for the plaster-alpha fiber and 80% for the plaster-cork was observed. Those finding are justified by the scanning microscopic electron tests which show the distribution of the two insulators and adhesion within the plaster matrix.

scholarly journals Envelopes Have Layers - Improving Performance and Legibility of Building Envelopes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Grace Tennent
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Residential Construction ◽  
Building Performance ◽  
Architectural Drawings ◽  
Construction Quality ◽  
Building Envelopes ◽  
Healthy Homes ◽  
Heat Control ◽  
And Performance

<p><b>Residential timber framed buildings in New Zealand continue to have issues in relation to performance as a result of poor initial building envelope design and a lack of construction quality. </b></p> <p>Building envelopes need to be designed in respect to fundamental building envelope science. It is also crucial that drawings and details relating to the building envelope are clear if the desired level of performance is to be achieved. And, ultimately, the architectural drawings that are developed must be practical in respect to buildability – the construction methodology and detailing of the building envelope must be practical and achievable if the desired outcomes are to be achieved.</p> <p>The legibility and identification of building envelope control layers on architectural drawings communicates building envelope performance and helps to ensure buildability of control layers, particularly in respect to their continuity during construction. </p> <p>Readable (clarity) and buildable (constructability) architectural details, which respect the fundamentals of building envelope science in regard to rain, air, vapour, and heat control, can improve construction quality in New Zealand, increase building performance, and provide durable, efficient and healthy homes.</p> <p>This research focuses on building envelopes constructed from timber framing as this is the most common method of residential construction in New Zealand. Common New Zealand building envelope detail drawings from a range of contexts are used to critique current New Zealand building envelope design. This analysis identifies common building envelope problems in regard to drawing readability and performance.</p> <p>The research proposes a revised set of building envelope details for a timber framed terraced house, which feature an enhanced way of achieving and communicating performance and buildability within building envelope drawings and details.</p>

Simulations of the changes o f the heating energy demand and transmission losses of buildings in central European climate: Combination of experiments and simulations

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Szodrai ◽  
á. Lakatos
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Mineral Wool ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Expanded Polystyrene ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Building Performance ◽  
Central European ◽  
Building Simulations ◽  
Combination Of Methods ◽  
Heating Energy Demand

Recently, it has become extremely important to reduce the heating energy demand and the CO2 emission of buildings. This reduction can easily be achieved by insulating the shell of buildings. By thermal insulation not only the heating energy demand can be reduced but also higher thermal efficiency can be reached. Therefore, measurements, calculations and simulations are carried out on the energy efficiency of buildings. Furthermore, the combination of methods is of great importance. Combination of experiments with building simulations solution can make design practices and sizing processes easier in the investigation of building performance. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate how the energy balance of a building can be changed in function of the wet building envelope in the Central European Region. A real and available building (old family house) was tested and it was placed (hypothetically) in three different countries (Austria, Hungary and Slovakia). In this study two types of load-bearing structures (brick and concrete) covered with four different types of insulations (mineral wool, expanded polystyrene, graphite-doped expanded polystyrene, and extruded polystyrene) were tested. The change in the heating energy of the building in three different countries by the function of measured water contents of the thermal insulators was simulated by CASAnova simulation software.

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