scholarly journals Spatial Heterogeneity of Bird Communities in the Natural Landscapes of the Southern Taiga of the Ob–Yenisei Interfluve and the Chulym River Valley (Tomsk Region)

2019 ◽  
Vol 400 ◽  
pp. 012014
Author(s):  
S P Gureev ◽  
O G Nekhoroshev ◽  
P J Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Natural Landscapes ◽  
Tomsk Region

scholarly journals Spatial heterogeneity increases diversity and stability in grassland bird communities

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 662-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torre J. Hovick ◽  
R. Dwayne Elmore ◽  
Samuel D. Fuhlendorf ◽  
David M. Engle ◽  
Robert G. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Grassland Bird

Does fire increase the spatial heterogeneity of bird communities in Mediterranean landscapes?

Ibis ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 145 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergi Herrando ◽  
Lluís Brotons ◽  
Santiago Llacuna
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Mediterranean Landscapes

scholarly journals LAND USE AND POSSIBILITIES OF REGULATING ANTHROPOGENIC LOADS ON THE MOUNTAIN LANDSCAPES OF THE NORTHERN MACRO-SLOPE OF THE GREAT CAUCASUS (On the example of the Karasu River valley)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Alla VOSKOVA ◽  
◽  
Aleksei GUNYA ◽  
Vadim KARAVAYEV ◽  
Dmitry MAR’INSKIH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
Alpine Meadows ◽  
High Resolution Satellite Images ◽  
Natural Landscapes

Aim. The basis for the optimal development of mountain regions is the regulation of anthropogenic impact on natural land-scapes. The purpose of the study is to assess the state of natural landscapes of the highlands of the Central Caucasus and substantiate effective mechanisms that regulate economic activity in territories adjacent to nature conservation ones. On the example of the Karasu river valley, which is representative of the Northern macro slope of the Greater Caucasus, analyzes the features of anthropogenic impact in the form of recreation, tourism and grazing. Research methods. The key method of this research is the making of maps showing the landscape structure of the area under consideration, the spatial features of the location of exogenous processes and types of nature management. Using the above maps, the features of the geological and geomorphological basis and landscape structure of the Karasu river valley were identified, the features of modern nature management were characterized, the consequences of anthropogenic impact on natural landscapes were assessed, and the management approach were formulated to reduce the negative impact on the nature of mountain areas. To assess the land cover, high-resolution satellite images were used, according to which the difference vegetation in-dex was calculated, which most clearly distinguishes the main types of the cover. Results. Within the boundaries of the study area, the role of shrub-meadow vegetation of the subalpine zone, which performs a water-retaining function, is especially significant. The destruction of land cover due to overgrazing, the construction of capital facilities, and other types of economic activity without the necessary protective engineering and land reclamation measures favors the development of destructive exogenous processes. The border of the reserved and non-reserved territories is smooth (not sharp). Conclusions. The gradual transition from landscapes with a reserved regime to landscapes with different uses requires a revision of the concept of nature protection in the direction of developing measures on the principle of “protection in use.” Particular attention should be paid to the conservation of sub-alpine meadows, alpine meadows and wastelands, bog complexes, which have a high species diversity, the presence of endemic species and are small in area. The main environmental measures for these communities are state monitoring and the maximum possible reduction in anthropogenic impact.

scholarly journals Differences in temperature regime of mineral and peat soil in Bakchar district of Tomsk region

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-109
Author(s):  
Egor Anatolievich Dyukarev ◽  
Anatoly Аndreevich Vyaizya ◽  
Kiselev Vladimirovich Kiselev
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Thermal Inertia ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Tomsk Region

The results of long-term monitoring of soil temperature regime at Bakchar district (Tomsk region) located in the southern taiga zone of Western Siberia are presented. The temperature regimes of peat and mineral soils are compared; their difference is shown. Peat soil has a smoothed temperature dynamics compared to mineral soil. According to monthly average data, in the warm season, the upper 80 cm of peat soil is 57 C colder than the mineral soil and 0.31.0 C warmer in the cold season. The increased thermal inertia of the peat soil prevents both its heating and cooling.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Pinus sibirica Du Tour mycotrophy in cedar stands of Tomsk region

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
О.Б. Вайшля ◽  
К.С. Карбышева ◽  
О.Г. Бендер
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Tree Density ◽  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Exploration Types ◽  
Exploration Type ◽  
Tomsk Region

В припоселковых кедровниках южной тайги Томской области исследовали образцы эктомикориз Pinus sibirica, собранные с корней подроста или из почвенных образцов. Для DEEMY-анализа отбирали живые, функционирующие эктомикоризы. Срезы эктомикориз делали на замораживающем микротоме МЗ-2, изучая их параметры с помощью микроскопа Axiostar plus, видеокамеры Watec LCL 217 и программного обеспечения SIAMS MesoPlant. Возраст сеянцев определяли при помощи прибора LinTab-6 Tree-ring Station . Выделение ДНК, ПЦР проводили по протоколам наборов Quiagen. Результаты обрабатывали по алгоритму анализа ANOVA и многофакторной модели дисперсионного анализа (Statistica 10). Выявлено, что параметры ширина мезодермы , радиус центрального проводящего цилиндра и ширина грибной мантии коррелируют друг с другом. В возрастной группе 1 корреляции сохранялись, в возрастной группе 2 связь между параметрами отсутствовала. У подроста кедра при увеличении размеров корня достоверно увеличивалась и толщина грибной мантии. Анализ сиквенсов ITS регионов рибосомальных генов ДНК показал, что туберкулизированные эктомикоризы образованы Suillus sibiricus, простые эктомикоризы, покрытые белыми гидрофобными гифами, формирует Cortinarius sp., ветвящиеся эктомикоризы с желтыми гидрофобными ризоморфами Piloderma olivaceum. Результаты выявили высокую частоту встречаемости контактных эктомикориз в фитоценозе с максимальной густотой стояния деревьев в кедраче пос. Зоркальцево. В Лоскутовском кедровнике и в Тимирязево, с наибольшим распространением стратегии со средней дистанцией действия (Medium distance exploration type), индекс сомкнутости крон составляет 0,40,6. Оптимальное состояние Лоскутовского кедровника, вероятно, объясняет обнаруженное здесь большое разнообразие и видов эктомикоризообразующих макромицетов, и всех трех exploration типов: и Contact, и Medium, и Short. Samples of Pinus sibirica ectomycorrhizal tips form seedlings roots and soil samples were examined in cedar forests of Tomsk region southern taiga. Alive and functioning ectomycorrhizas were selected for DEEMY-analysis. Ectomycorrhizal tips cross sections were performed with an MZ-2 freezing microtome, their parameters were studied with an Axiostar plus microscope, a Watec LCL 217 video camera and SIAMS MesoPlant software. Seedlings age was determined with a LinTab-6 Tree-ring Station . DNA isolation, PCR were performed according to Quiagen kit protocols. The results were processed with one-way ANOVA test (Statistica 10). It is shown that width of cortex , stele radius and mantle width parameters correlate with each other. The width of fungal mantle increased with the increasing root sizes. The correlations remained in the Age group 1, there were found no correlations between the parameters in the Age group 2. The analysis of DNA ribosomal genes ITS regions sequences showed that tuberculate ectomycorrhizas were formed by Suillus sibiricus, unramified ectomycorrhizas with white hydrophobic rhizomorphs were formed by Cortinarius sp., ramified ectomycorrhiza with yellow hydrophobic rhizomorphs were formed by Piloderma olivaceum. High occurrence of Contact exploration type ectomycorrhizas was registered in Zorkaltsevo biotop with thehighest degree of tree density. Medium distance exploration type was common in Loskutovo and Timiryazevo where the degree of tree density was 0.40.6. The optimal state of Loskutovo biotope probably explains the high diversity of ectomycorrhizal macromycetes species and the exploration types (Contact, Medium, and Short) balance registered in the site.

scholarly journals Spatial Patterns of Bird Communities of the Lower Dnieper Sands During the Breeding Season: Differentiation Factors

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 539-546
Author(s):  
Yu. O Moskalenko
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Natural Landscapes

Abstract Using hierarchical cluster analysis there were distinguished six spatial patterns of bird communities during the breeding season in the Lower Dnieper Sands. The differentiation of these patterns is based on a spatial heterogeneity in the area ratio of different habitats. The sites with natural and sub-natural landscapes hold three types of bird communities. Another type of the bird community is relatively similar to the previous three, but characterized by a poor quantitative and qualitative bird composition; it is associated with open landscapes with destroyed natural vegetation. Bird communities of artificial pine plantations (the most transformed landscapes of the Lower Dnieper Sands) are very different from those in the natural and sub-natural landscapes. The spectra of ecological groups of different bird communities match the spectra of different habitat types obtained using a supervised classification of remote sensing data. It makes it possible to use a topological model of the habitat types (based on remote sensing data) as a predictor for GIS modelling of spatial distribution of different birds communities throughout the Lower Dnieper Sands.

scholarly journals REGULARITIES OF CHANGES IN THE STRUCTURE OF FIR FORESTS DAMAGED AS A RESULT OF THE INVASION OF POLYGRAPHUS PROXIMUS

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Никита Дебков ◽  
Nikita Debkov
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Green Moss ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Tomsk Region ◽  
Polygraphus Proximus ◽  
The Impact

The era of globalization is accompanied by large-scale invasions of dendrophilic insects into forest ecosystems around the world. As a rule, the impact of invaders on native species leads to negative consequences. Perspective fore-casts of the development of the situation with alien species are not encouraging. In this regard, research on the nature and degree of transformation of natural ecosystems under the influence of invasive organisms is becoming increasingly important. The mechanism of invasion of Polygraphus proximus Blandf. in forests dominated by Siberian fir Abies sibirica Ledeb. on the territory of the Tomsk region is considered in the article. The aim of the research has been to evaluate structural changes in fir forests of Western Siberia damaged by Polygraphus proximus. Studies have been conducted in the southern part of the Tomsk region on permanent trial plots. The objects of research have been ferns and small-grass-green-moss fir forests. The structure of fir forests has been studied using standard methods. When assessing the health status, a specialized scale has been used. The main taxation parameters of the stand and natural renewal have been measured. As a result of the research, it has been revealed that the main influence of the invader falls on trees having an average diameter up to an average step of thickness inclusive. A consequence of this is an increase in the mean values of height, age, and diameter of the stand. Also, the result of the direct impact of the Polygraphus proximus is a decrease in the density of the stand by 34-37%, and the reserve by 30%. There is no significant influence of the provider on the change in the completeness and bonitet of the plantation. Reducing the closeness of crowns has led to the replacement of typical southern taiga and moss with high-grass groupings in the windows of desiccation. It is established that the activity of Polygraphus proximus can lead to a short-term change of species in mixed plantations, which is observed in ferns

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