Evaluation of spring durum wheat varieties by yield, structure and grain quality

The article presents the data of productivity of spring durum wheat varieties of various morphotype in the northern regions of Chuvash, and the purpose is to select the most promising and to find the opportunities of breeding and technological adaptability of spring durum wheat in the region. There were five varieties participated in the trials, they are ‘Bezenchukskaya Niva’, ‘Bezenchukskaya 200’, ‘Bezenchukskaya 205’, ‘Bezenchukskaya 209’, ‘Luch 25’. The results of the biometric analysis of spring durum wheat showed that plant height of the varieties ranged from 74.6 cm to 104.8 cm. The plants of the variety ‘Bezenchukskaya 200’ were found the shortest, the plants of the variety ‘Bezenchukskaya 205’ turned to be the highest. The varieties ‘Bezenchukskaya Niva’ and ‘Bezenchukskaya 209’ showed the best indexes of productive tillering. The best indexes of a yield structure were found in the variety ‘Bezenchukskaya Niva’ with 5.1 cm of a head length, 22.9 seeds per head and 1.12 g of seeds per head. The least indexes were found in the variety ‘Bezenchukskaya 205’ with 16.8 seeds per head and 0.76 g of seeds per head. It has been determined that a number and weight of seeds per head of the varieties changed proportionally to length of head. 1000-kernel weight ranged from 42.32 to 53.27g depending on the variety. The variety ‘Bezenchukskaya Niva’ produced the largest yield (34.1 hwt/ha), the variety ‘Bezenchukskaya 205’ showed the least productivity (19.6 hwt/ha).

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The characteristics of the winter durum wheat varieties according to grain quality and pasta properties

Grain Economy of Russia ◽

10.31367/2079-8725-2020-69-3-26-31 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 26-31

Author(s):

N. S. Kravchenko ◽

N. E. Samofalova ◽

I. M. Oldyreva ◽

T. S. Makarova

Keyword(s):

Durum Wheat ◽

Rheological Properties ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Carotenoid Content ◽

Brittle Strength ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Quality Class ◽

Study Results

The current paper has presented the study results of grain quality and pasta properties of the new and promising winter durum wheat varieties developed in the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in 2016–2018. The purpose of the study was to evaluate winter durum wheat varieties according to such traits as grain quality and pasta properties to identify the best genotypes and recommend them for use in the breeding process and wider introduction into production. There have been identified the varieties “Yubilyarka” (96%), “Kristella” (94%), “Lakomka” (92%), “Diona” and “Yantarina” (91%) with maximum values of general hardness. All studied genotypes have formed the nature weight of grain corresponding to a first quality class (from 786–814 g/l). There have been identified the varieties “Kristella” (13.9%), “Donchanka” (13.8%), “Diona” (14.0%), “Yakhont” (14.0%), “Yubilyarka” (13.6%), “Yantarina” (13.7%), “Uslada” (13.6%), “Zoloto Dona” (13.6%), “Solntsedar” (13.9%) and “Almaz Dona” (13.5%) with protein percentage in grain corresponding to a first quality class. As a result of the study, it was found that all the studied varieties had good rheological properties of gluten and formed a DCI from 80 units (the variety “Eyrena”) to 102 units (the variety “Donchanka”) and belonged to the 2-nd group. The varieties “Diona”, “Eyrena”, “Yakhont”, “Yantarina” and “Solntsedar” had high rheological properties of dough. There have been identified the genotypes of the varieties “Donchanka” (613 μg/%), “Solntsedar” (626 μg/%) and “Almaz Dona” (630 μg/%) with the maximum concentration of carotenoid pigments, which could be used as sources to improve the trait “carotenoid content”. Throughout the years of study, the varieties were characterized by high indices of dry pasta color (4–5 points). According to a brittle strength of dry pasta there have been identified the varieties “Kristella” (775 g), “Donchanka” (774 g), “Diona” (757 g), “Yantarina” (782 g), “Solntsedar” (766 g) and “Dinas” (769 g) with the best indices of the trait. The varieties identified both by a single and by a set of traits characterizing grain quality of winter durum wheat and its final products, can be used in the breeding process as an adaptive initial material. The introduction of the best varieties into production will partly solve the problem of deficiency of high-quality durum wheat in the south of Russia.

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Improving Grain Micronutrient Content of Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum var. durum) through Agronomic Biofortification to Alleviate the Hidden Hunger

Advances in Agriculture ◽

10.1155/2020/7825413 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Anteneh Agezew Melash ◽

Dejene Kassahun Mengistu

Keyword(s):

Durum Wheat ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Small Scale ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

Mineral Concentration ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Hidden Hunger ◽

Agronomic Biofortification

Improvement of durum wheat grain quality through agronomic biofortification becomes a priority research area and an effective route to combat malnutrition. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of micronutrient application to different varieties of durum wheat and seeding rate on final harvest grain quality under different growing locations. The treatments were arranged in split-split plot design where the varieties were assigned in the main plot, micronutrients into the subplots, and seeding rate into the sub-subplots. Each variety was sown at four levels of seeding rates and treated with ZnSO₄ and FeSO4 applied foliarly, both at a rate of 25 Kg ha−1 during flowering. Micronutrients were applied in the form of ZnSO₄ 7H2O and FeSO₄ 7H2O. The study confirmed that application of 25 Kg ha−1 ZnSO₄-containing fertilizer has increased mineral content from 33.04 mg Kg−1 to 56.73 mg kg−1. The tested durum wheat varieties significantly differ in their capacity to accumulate grain Zn and Fe concentrations. Higher amount of Zn (20 mg kg−1) and Fe (10 mg kg−1) were accumulated by the landrace 208304 than by Asassa, an improved commercial variety. Increasing seeding rate from 100–175 Kg ha−1 has reduced grain Zn and Fe concentrations. Grain mineral concentration was significantly lower at the Mekelle location than at the Melfa location. It can be concluded that foliar application of ZnSO₄ and FeSO4 to the landrace, acc.208304, combined with 125 Kg seeds ha−1 can produce better Zn and Fe denser durum wheat grain. This will help to combat the hidden hunger, especially in resource poor countries, where fortified foods are limited in access and unaffordable by small-scale farmers.

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The experience of durum wheat cultivation in the conditions of Kalmykia

Grain Economy of Russia ◽

10.31367/2079-8725-2021-76-4-34-38 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 34-38

Author(s):

В. А. Goldvarg ◽

М. V. Boktaev ◽

А. А. Mudrova

Keyword(s):

Durum Wheat ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Research Center ◽

Experimental Plot ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Federal Research ◽

Wheat Cultivation ◽

Study Results ◽

The Republic

In 2016–2020 in the Republic of Kalmykia the winter durum wheat area was sown by the variety ‘Kermen’ of joint development by the Kalmykia Research Agricultural Institute named after M.B. Narmaev, a branch of the “Pre-Kaspy Agricultural Federal Research Center RAS” (KRAI, a branch of the PkAFRC RAS) and the FSBSI “National Center of grain named after P.P. Lukyanenko”, and the variety ‘Kristella’ developed by the FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. The current paper has presented the study results of productivity and grain quality of the varieties ‘Kermen’ and ‘Kristella’ on the experimental plot of the KRAI, a branch of the PkAFRC RAS over the past five years. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the winter durum wheat varieties according to the traits of productivity and grain quality for giving recommendations and their further introduction into production. In the conditions of the experimental plot of the KRAI, a branch of the PkAFRC RAS, over five years the mean productivity of the variety ‘Kermen’ exceeded that of the variety ‘Kristella’ on 0.56 t/ha, or 14.2%. There should be noted that the variety ‘Kristella’ showed the maximum productivity (5.88 t/ha) in 2016, which was a reliable addition to the variety ‘Kermen’. The varieties ‘Kermen’ and ‘Kristella’ have formed grain with a sufficiently high percentage of protein and gluten, which according to GOST 9353-2016, meets the requirements of the 1st and 3rd class for winter durum wheat. There were identified higher quality indicators in the variety ‘Kristella’.

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Grain quality traits of commercial durum wheat varieties and their relationships with drought stress and glutenins composition

Journal of Cereal Science ◽

10.1016/j.jcs.2017.03.005 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 75 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Ana María Magallanes-López ◽

Karim Ammar ◽

Anayeli Morales-Dorantes ◽

Héctor González-Santoyo ◽

José Crossa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Durum Wheat ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Quality Traits ◽

Wheat Varieties

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Salinity effect on grain quality of two durum wheat varieties differing in salt tolerance

Agricultural Water Management ◽

10.1016/j.agwat.2004.12.005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 75 (2) ◽

pp. 85-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

N. Katerji ◽

J.W. van Hoorn ◽

C. Fares ◽

A. Hamdy ◽

M. Mastrorilli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Tolerance ◽

Durum Wheat ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Salinity Effect

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GRAIN QUALITY OF DON BREEDING SPRING DURUM WHEAT VARIETIES

Scientific Journal of Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems ◽

10.31774/2222-1816-2018-4-266-276 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

V. P. Kadushkina ◽

◽

A. I. Grabovets ◽

O. V. Biryukova ◽

S. A. Kovalenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Durum Wheat ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Wheat Varieties

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Physiological parameters for evaluating drought tolerance in durum wheat varieties grown in the fields in Syria

Journal of Biology and Today s World ◽

10.15412/j.jbtw.01010205 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

M. Almeselmani

Keyword(s):

Drought Tolerance ◽

Durum Wheat ◽

Physiological Parameters ◽

Wheat Varieties

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Effect of algae Ecklonia maxima extract (Kelpak SL) on yields of common wheat, durum wheat and spelt wheat

Agronomy Science ◽

10.24326/2019.1.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 74 (1) ◽

pp. 5-14

Author(s):

GRZEGORZ SZUMIŁO ◽

LESZEK RACHOŃ ◽

BARBARA KROCHMAL-MARCZAK

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Durum Wheat ◽

Common Wheat ◽

Yield Components ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Favourable Effect ◽

Ecklonia Maxima ◽

Spelt Wheat

The 3-year experiment was concerned with the response of spring forms of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L. subsp. aestivum), durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) and spelt wheat (Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta L. em. Thell.) to the foliar application of a plant growth stimulant (extract from marine algae Ecklonia maxima), with the commercial name of Kelpak SL (GS), as compared to control treatment (C). The following parameters were analysed: yield of grain, yield components (number of ears, weight of 1000 kernels, number and weight of kernels per ear) and physical indicators of grain quality (test weight, uniformity and vitreosity of grain). The study showed that the level of yielding and the yield components were related primarily with the wheat genotype, but they depended also on the agro-climatic conditions and on the algae extract and control experimental treatments. The application of algae extract, compared to the control, caused a significant increase in the yields of the spring wheat species under study, on average by 7.0%. Canopy spraying with algae extract had a favourable effect on the number of ears, on he number and weight of kernels per ear, but it had no effect on the weight of 1000 kernels. The grain quality of durum wheat, spelt wheat and common wheat was affected more strongly by the weather conditions in the successive years of the study and by the genotype than by the foliar application of algae extract. The spelt genotypes were characterised by lower yields and lower grain quality than common wheat and the durum wheat genotypes.

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Morphological and Physiological Root Traits and Their Relationship with Nitrogen Uptake in Wheat Varieties Released from 1915 to 2013

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11061149 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1149

Author(s):

Guglielmo Puccio ◽

Rosolino Ingraffia ◽

Dario Giambalvo ◽

Gaetano Amato ◽

Alfonso S. Frenda

Keyword(s):

Durum Wheat ◽

Root System ◽

N Uptake ◽

Specific Root Length ◽

Root Traits ◽

Wheat Breeding ◽

N Availability ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Uptake Efficiency ◽

Positive Effects

Identifying genotypes with a greater ability to absorb nitrogen (N) may be important to reducing N loss in the environment and improving the sustainability of agricultural systems. This study extends the knowledge of variability among wheat genotypes in terms of morphological or physiological root traits, N uptake under conditions of low soil N availability, and in the amount and rapidity of the use of N supplied with fertilizer. Nine genotypes of durum wheat were chosen for their different morpho-phenological characteristics and year of their release. The isotopic tracer 15N was used to measure the fertilizer N uptake efficiency. The results show that durum wheat breeding did not have univocal effects on the characteristics of the root system (weight, length, specific root length, etc.) or N uptake capacity. The differences in N uptake among the studied genotypes when grown in conditions of low N availability appear to be related more to differences in uptake efficiency per unit of weight and length of the root system than to differences in the morphological root traits. The differences among the genotypes in the speed and the ability to take advantage of the greater N availability, determined by N fertilization, appear to a certain extent to be related to the development of the root system and the photosynthesizing area. This study highlights some variability within the species in terms of the development, distribution, and efficiency of the root system, which suggests that there may be sufficient grounds for improving these traits with positive effects in terms of adaptability to difficult environments and resilience to climate change.

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