scholarly journals Flood Mitigation Measures in Urban Areas of Malaysia Using the Integrated Catchment Modelling Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 479 ◽  
pp. 012014
Author(s):  
MRM. Shahrulnizam ◽  
SK. Adzim ◽  
SA. Kamaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Catchment Modelling ◽  
Modelling Approach

scholarly journals Evaluation of Green and Grey Flood Mitigation Measures in Rural Watersheds

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 6913
Author(s):  
Ranko Pudar ◽  
Jasna Plavšić ◽  
Andrijana Todorović
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Damage Model ◽  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Loss Reduction ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
System 2 ◽  
Flood Protection System

Floods cause considerable damages worldwide and mitigation of their adverse effects through effective protection measures is needed. Along with the commonly applied “grey” infrastructure, “green” measures that can offer additional benefits, such as ecosystem services, are increasingly being considered lately. While the recent research tendencies are focused on the effectiveness and the value of green measures in urban areas, this paper presents a comprehensive financial evaluation of green and grey flood mitigation scenarios for a smaller rural watershed. A micro-scale damage model that builds on the hydrodynamic modeling of hazard, detailed asset identification, and damage assessment is presented and applied for evaluation of benefits from various flood mitigation measures in the Tamnava watershed in Serbia. Four scenarios are considered: (1) existing flood protection system; (2) green scenario involving new detention basins; (3) grey infrastructure enhancement by rising of the existing levees and diverting flood discharges; and (4) green-grey scenario that combines scenarios (2) and (3). The benefits (loss reduction) are the greatest with the green scenario and marginally higher with the combined green-grey scenario. The results suggest that for small rural watersheds, a holistic, integrative approach that includes both types of infrastructure can provide the most effective flood risk mitigation.

scholarly journals A Time-Integrated Index for Flood Risk to Resistance Capacity

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osvaldo M. Rezende ◽  
Luciana F. Guimarães ◽  
Francis M. Miranda ◽  
Assed N. Haddad ◽  
Marcelo G. Miguez
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Flood Plains ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Integrated Index ◽  
Main Target

The lack of open spaces and the intense land use occupation in flood plains makes floods in consolidated urban areas difficult to mitigate. In these areas, setting a standard pre-defined return period for projects can limit and even preclude flood mitigation actions. However, it is possible to propose flood control alternatives that are compatible with available spaces. Thus, determining how much the original risk is reduced and how significant the residual risk can be becomes the main target. In this context, a time-integrated index for risk to resistance capacity is proposed to address these questions. This index correlates the exposure of buildings and urban infrastructure to the hazard of a given flood and is then evaluated over a project horizon through a sequence of events. The proposed index is applied to the Canal do Mangue catchment, a highly urbanized watershed located in Rio de Janeiro. The results demonstrate the difficulty of designing flood mitigation measures in extremely occupied watersheds and the importance of evaluating residual risks associated with proposed projects. As an additional result, a scenario with concentrated measures is compared to another with distributed interventions, evidencing the greater coverage of the latter.

scholarly journals A Conflict between Traditional Flood Measures and Maintaining River Ecosystems? A Case Study Based upon the River Lærdal, Norway

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 1884
Author(s):  
Ana Juárez ◽  
Knut Alfredsen ◽  
Morten Stickler ◽  
Ana Adeva-Bustos ◽  
Rodrigo Suárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
River Channel ◽  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
River Ecosystems ◽  
Hydraulic Models

Floods are among the most damaging of natural disasters, and flood events are expected to increase in magnitude and frequency with the effects of climate change and changes in land use. As a consequence, much focus has been placed on the engineering of structural flood mitigation measures in rivers. Traditional flood protection measures, such as levees and dredging of the river channel, threaten floodplains and river ecosystems, but during the last decade, sustainable reconciliation of freshwater ecosystems has increased. However, we still find many areas where these traditional measures are proposed, and it is challenging to find tools for evaluation of different measures and quantification of the possible impacts. In this paper, we focus on the river Lærdal in Norway to (i) present the dilemma between traditional flood measures and maintaining river ecosystems and (ii) quantify the efficiency and impact of different solutions based on 2D hydraulic models, remote sensing data, economics, and landscape metrics. Our results show that flood measures may be in serious conflict with environmental protection and legislation to preserve biodiversity and key nature types.

Methodology for holistic assessment of grey-green flood mitigation measures for climate change adaptation in urban basins

2021 ◽  
Vol 603 ◽  
pp. 126885
Author(s):  
Ioannis M. Kourtis ◽  
Vasilis Bellos ◽  
George Kopsiaftis ◽  
Basil Psiloglou ◽  
Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Holistic Assessment

GEOPHYSICAL MONITORING: NEW OPPORTUNITIES TO PRESERVE ARCHITECTURAL MONUMENTS AND GREEN DESIGN IN URBAN AREAS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakhar Slepak
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Green Design ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Operating Life ◽  
Geophysical Monitoring ◽  
Railway Systems ◽  
Geological Processes

A new geophysical prospecting technique developed by the author was effectively applied for these purposes in 1994–2005 within the architectural complex of the Kazan Kremlin, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The author has developed and successfully employed a unique gravity monitoring technique consisting in independent measurements at set points and at certain time intervals in the architectural complex of the Kazan Kremlin. The results of the geophysical monitoring and geodetic surveys conducted in open areas and inside architectural monuments offer new opportunities in preserving ancient buildings. Because geophysical monitoring can identify the negative impact of active geological processes on foundations of buildings, mitigation measures can be taken in timely manner. However, because the Kazan Kremlin is a state historical and architectural museum reserve, another objective is to maintain its exterior and renovate its green design. The above technology can also be used to analyze the technical condition of high-rise buildings, industrial facilities, underground railway systems and other structures, and significantly prolong their operating life.

scholarly journals Municipal Employee's Awareness of Flood Risks and Flood Mitigation Measures

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 335-340
Author(s):  
Kiyomine TERUMOTO ◽  
Teruko SATO ◽  
Teniki FUKUZONO ◽  
Saburo IKEDA
Keyword(s):  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Flood Risks

Estimating the combined effect of flood mitigation measures

2014 ◽  
pp. 1889-1895
Author(s):  
F Huthoff ◽  
J Udo ◽  
H Barneveld ◽  
M Bakker ◽  
N Asselman
Keyword(s):  
Combined Effect ◽  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Measures

scholarly journals Willingness of residents to invest in flood mitigation measures and to purchase flood insurance

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 22001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sari Väisänen ◽  
Virpi Lehtoranta ◽  
Antti Parjanne ◽  
Anne-Mari Rytkönen ◽  
Juha Aaltonen
Keyword(s):  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Flood Insurance

Should Cities Embrace Their Heat Islands as Shields from Extreme Cold?

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1309-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiachuan Yang ◽  
Elie Bou-Zeid
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Anthropogenic Heat ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Cold Wave ◽  
Cold Waves ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Extreme Cold ◽  
Anthropogenic Modifications ◽  
Cool Roofs

AbstractThe higher temperature in cities relative to their rural surroundings, known as the urban heat island (UHI), is one of the most well documented and severe anthropogenic modifications of the environment. Heat islands are hazardous to residents and the sustainability of cities during summertime and heat waves; on the other hand, they provide considerable benefits in wintertime. Yet, the evolution of UHIs during cold waves has not yet been explored. In this study, ground-based observations from 12 U.S. cities and high-resolution weather simulations show that UHIs not only warm urban areas in the winter but also further intensify during cold waves by up to 1.32° ± 0.78°C (mean ± standard deviation) at night relative to precedent and subsequent periods. Anthropogenic heat released from building heating is found to contribute more than 30% of the UHI intensification. UHIs thus serve as shelters against extreme-cold events and provide benefits that include mitigating cold hazard and reducing heating demand. More important, simulations indicate that standard UHI mitigation measures such as green or cool roofs reduce these cold-wave benefits to different extents. Cities, particularly in cool and cold temperate climates, should hence revisit their policies to favor (existing) mitigation approaches that are effective only during hot periods.

scholarly journals Integrate Weather Radar and Monitoring Devices for Urban Flooding Surveillance

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Yen Hsu ◽  
Tai-Been Chen ◽  
Wei-Chang Du ◽  
Jyh-Horng Wu ◽  
Shih-Chieh Chen
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Weather Radar ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Television System ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Flood Monitoring ◽  
Image Capturing

With the increase of extreme weather events, the frequency and severity of urban flood events in the world are increasing drastically. Therefore, this study develops ARMT (automatic combined ground weather radar and CCTV (Closed Circuit Television System) images for real-time flood monitoring), which integrates real-time ground radar echo images and automatically estimates a rainfall hotspot according to the cloud intensity. Furthermore, ARMT combines CCTV image capturing, analysis, and Fourier processing, identification, water level estimation, and data transmission to provide real-time warning information. Furthermore, the hydrograph data can serve as references for relevant disaster prevention, and response personnel may take advantage of them and make judgements based on them. The ARMT was tested through historical data input, which showed its reliability to be between 83% to 92%. In addition, when applied to real-time monitoring and analysis (e.g., typhoon), it had a reliability of 79% to 93%. With the technology providing information about both images and quantified water levels in flood monitoring, decision makers can quickly better understand the on-site situation so as to make an evacuation decision before the flood disaster occurs as well as discuss appropriate mitigation measures after the disaster to reduce the adverse effects that flooding poses on urban areas.

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