scholarly journals Coal blending selection for CFPP fuel with slagging fouling prediction and procurement cost calculation

2021 ◽  
Vol 882 (1) ◽  
pp. 012030
Author(s):  
Hariana ◽  
H P Putra ◽  
A A Raksodewanto ◽  
Enjang ◽  
F M Kuswa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Cost Calculation ◽  
Technical Requirement ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Coal Blending ◽  
Procurement Cost

Abstract Most coal-fired power plants in Indonesia use medium and low-rank coal due to coal availability in the domestic coal market. Because of technical and economic reasons, single coal as fuel is rarely used in coal-fired power plants. Therefore the coal blending method is used. Here, the most dominant technical requirement of a coal-fired power plant is the calorific value and potential of slagging and fouling. For this reason, a selection method that involves the technical aspect of coal and coal procurement cost is carried out. This study found that from 42 types of alternative coal blend made, 18 types fulfill the potential of slagging and fouling criteria. 12 type coal blends could be prioritized as the main alternative because they fulfilled all technical aspects and coal procurement costs. The conclusion obtained from this study is the completion of the search for alternative coal blends based on technical aspects, especially slagging and fouling and procurement cost, to effectively obtain blending priority. This method can be developed for different coal-fired power plant technology and operation condition.

Exergoeconomic Analysis of Intercooled, Reheated and Recuperated Gas Turbine Cycles With Air Film Blade Cooling

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waleed El-Damaty ◽  
Mohamed Gadalla
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Cost Calculation ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Thermodynamic Performance ◽  
Exergoeconomic Analysis ◽  
The Cost

For many years, thermodynamic analysis was considered to be the principal tool that is used to predict the performance of a power plant. Recently, the environmental effect and the cost of power plants have been considered as important as the thermodynamic performance in design of power plants. Thus, researchers started to adopt a relevantly new approach called the exergoeconomic analysis which combines the thermodynamic technicalities as well as the economic analysis to design power plants. The exergoeconomic analysis provides crucial information that helps in foreseeing not only the thermodynamic performance but also all economic variables related to power plants. Increasing the efficiency of the power plant has been the major concern in power plants. Thus, the global approach of reaching high turbine inlet temperatures to improve the efficiency of power plants, has exposed the turbine blades to some serious problems. Thereby, cooling the turbine blades has become an important aspect that needs to be taken care of during the power plant operation. In this paper, a cooled gas turbine with intercooler, recuperator and reheater is adopted where it is incorporated with a cooling system. An exergoeconomic analysis accompanied by a sensitivity analysis was performed on the gas turbine cycle to determine the exergo-economic factor and the relative cost difference in addition to study the effect of different variables on the gas turbine thermal and exergetic efficiency, net specific work and the total cost rate. Average cost theory approach was adopted from various thermo-economic methodologies to determine the cost calculation during this investigation. The results showed a reduction in the total coolant mass flow rate in the base case where no cooling systems are integrated from 3.349 kg/s to 3.01 kg/s, 2.995 kg/s and 2.977 kg/s in the case of integrating the cooling systems triple stage Maisotsenko desiccant, triple stage precooling Maisotsenko desiccant and triple stage extra cooling Maisotsenko desiccant, respectively. Accordingly, the thermal efficiency has increased to reach 52.69%, 52.89% and 53.12% by the integration of TS-MD, TS-PMD and TS-EMD cooling systems, respectively.

Risk Based Optimization of the Life Assessment for Fossil Power Plant

2006 ◽  
Vol 321-323 ◽  
pp. 1572-1575
Author(s):  
Bum Shin Kim ◽  
Jung Soo Ha ◽  
Gee Wook Song ◽  
Jung Seob Hyun ◽  
Woo Sung Choi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
High Pressure And Temperature ◽  
Fossil Power Plant

As a number of aged fossil power plants recently increased, the precise life assessment of critical equipments gets to be important more than ever. Despite of infrequent likelihood of failure, the equipments in high pressure and temperature operation condition have traditionally been considered as critical because of huge consequence of the equipments and hence life assessment of fossil power plant has been focused on all of the severe operated equipments for past decades. Nowadays, with Risk-Based Inspection technology being developed rapidly, most of the power plant utilities get a chance to reduce the scope of the inspection and test and to extend the interval for the life assessment. This paper provides methodology based on Risk-Based Inspection technology to optimize the life assessment work scope and interval and also demonstrates the enhanced life assessment procedure including risk assessment of equipments.

scholarly journals Ash Evaluation of Indonesian Coal Blending for Pulverized Coal-Fired Boilers

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Hariana ◽  
Adi Prismantoko ◽  
Ganda Arif Ahmadi ◽  
Arif Darmawan
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Tube Furnace ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Drop Tube ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Drop Tube Furnace ◽  
Coal Blending

Coal calorific value is one of the main considerations for using coal as a power plant fuel. In addition, the requirements for indications of slagging and fouling are also important to maintain combustion efficiency. However, coal power plants often experience problems in boiler operations due to the use of certain types of coal, even though they have a relatively high calorific value. This research investigates the effect of coal blending on ash fouling and slagging in an experimental investigation using a drop tube furnace with or without additives. Five different types of coal from different locations have been used in this study. Pulverized low-rank coal samples are burned in a drop tube furnace at 1,175°C with probe temperatures of 550°C and 600°C, corresponding to the combustion chamber of 600 MW power plants, including superheater and reheater areas. The ash particles’ characteristics and material composition were also analyzed using scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. All coal mixture combinations demonstrated potential as a fuel for power plants that use pulverized coal-fired boilers. Because of its capacity to reduce slagging and fouling potentials, combining coal blending with the use of chemical additives yielded the greatest results.

Study and Application of Two-Level Optimization of Coal Blending for Power Plant Based on On-Line Coal Identification

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Xia ◽  
Peng Peng ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Tao Yang ◽  
Gang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Coal Blending ◽  
Sensing Model ◽  
On Line ◽  
Blended Coals ◽  
The Heat Balance

In china, many thermal power plants have to burn blended coals forced by the complexity of coal type and market tension and transportation pressure of coal purchasing. As a engineering implementation method of coal blending, “different coals grinding in different mills and then mixed burning in the furnace” has many advantages such as low investment, easy to control milling system parameters and can be optimized online, etc, compared with traditional coal blending methods. But it is limited by the number of mills and cannot achieve high-precision ratio of blending. To remedy this shortcoming, a model of two-level optimization of coal blending for the thermal power plant with direct blowing pulverizing system was established in this paper. The tradional coal blending was regarded as first step of optimization. The secondary optimization was implemented by adjusting the outputs of different mills, then the blend was changed to accurate ratio. Furthermore, since the existence of coal bunker, it made a time lag from coal discharge to combustion, meanwhile, the real-time load was unpredictable and the coal utilization rate was inconsistent of each bunker. The three reasons make it uncertain of the current coal of bunker. To identify each coal in the mill(equivalent to bunker) correctly was the basis of achieving the second blending optimization. Therefore, a soft-sensing model of coal moisture based on the heat balance equation was used to take this work. At last, a intelligent coal blending system by the two-level optimization model was developed for a power plant and achieved good results.

scholarly journals Relationship between Particle Size Distribution of Low-Rank Pulverized Coal and Power Plant Performance

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajive Ganguli ◽  
Sukumar Bandopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Volatile Content ◽  
The Impact

The impact of particle size distribution (PSD) of pulverized, low rank high volatile content Alaska coal on combustion related power plant performance was studied in a series of field scale tests. Performance was gauged through efficiency (ratio of megawatt generated to energy consumed as coal), emissions (SO2,NOx, CO), and carbon content of ash (fly ash and bottom ash). The study revealed that the tested coal could be burned at a grind as coarse as 50% passing 76 microns, with no deleterious impact on power generation and emissions. The PSD’s tested in this study were in the range of 41 to 81 percent passing 76 microns. There was negligible correlation between PSD and the followings factors: efficiency, SO2,NOx, and CO. Additionally, two tests where stack mercury (Hg) data was collected, did not demonstrate any real difference in Hg emissions with PSD. The results from the field tests positively impacts pulverized coal power plants that burn low rank high volatile content coals (such as Powder River Basin coal). These plants can potentially reduce in-plant load by grinding the coal less (without impacting plant performance on emissions and efficiency) and thereby, increasing their marketability.

Energy-Saving and Optimization of Pulverizing System in Coal-Fired Power Plant

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 3151-3159
Author(s):  
Ji Li ◽  
Jun Wei ◽  
Yong Ping Yang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Unit Load ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
Frequent Change ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Extra Energy

Pulverizing system is the main energy-consumption equipment in coal-fired power plant. In China, coal-fired power plants are obliged to alter operation condition in response to the frequent change of unit load and coal quality, which results in non-standard operation condition and extra energy consumption of pulverization system in consequence. Hence it is of great significance to study energy-saving and optimization of pulverizing system. This paper first analyzes the influence factors on energy consumption of pulverizing system respectively according to literature survey. Due to the large numbers of influence parameters and their complex interactions, these parameters are certain to influence power consumption synergistically in the form of dynamic non-linear variation. This paper groups and defines these parameters into three categories, namely external parameters, constrained parameters, and controlled parameters. Based on the definition, the general model considering all the three groups of parameters is proposed, which considers all the influence factors for energy consumption under all unit conditions. Subsequently, the energy-saving and optimization proposal for the pulverizing system are proposed.

scholarly journals Investigation on Slagging Fouling Potential in Coal Blending for PLTU with PC Boiler with Droptube Furnace Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 28-40
Author(s):  
Hariana Hariana ◽  
Fairuz Milkiy Kuswa ◽  
Dani Rudiana ◽  
Lan Marakkup Tua Naingolan
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Drop Tube ◽  
Acceptable Risk ◽  
Drop Tube Furnace ◽  
Design Specifications ◽  
Initial Design ◽  
Direct Testing ◽  
Coal Blending

The majority of power plants in Indonesia are Coal-Fired Power Plants (PLTU) which using coal as the main fuel. The coal used in the PLTU is coal that has been adjusted to the existing PLTU design. However, coal availability according to the initial design of the PLTU is running low and even almost non-existent. If the coal does not meet the PLTU design specifications is forced to be used as fuel, various problems will arise regarding to the capability and reliability of the power plant itself. Therefore, looking for coal alternatives that have similar specifications to the PLTU design is very important, to get these alternatives can be done by Blending coal from various specifications. The Blending product must be evaluated from various aspects, one of which is slagging and fouling. This research will focus on the aspects of slagging fouling resulting from the Blending of two different coals in terms of characteristics and specifications. Evaluation is carried out by taking samples and tested to make predictions based on AAS and AFT, burning in the Drop Tube Furnace (DTF), and performing SEM and XRD analysis of two coal Blending products. The results obtained are that the A and B Blending products are in an acceptable risk for direct testing on a larger scale (PLTU) or boiler simulator. However, Blending A has a greater potential for further research than Blending product B.

Application Research of Electrical Automation Technology for Power Plant

2014 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
pp. 595-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Jiang Xie ◽  
Wei Li Li
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
Technology Applications ◽  
Online Management ◽  
Data Signal ◽  
Automation Technology

The electrical automation technology is an advanced technology, in power plants, mainly giving play to the role of monitoring, monitoring analysis for the operation condition of the electric, also can have the data signal feedback function. Electrical automation technology is mostly play the function of monitoring, during the running of the electrical equipment, the equipment running status monitoring, through the analysis of the data and feedback, can timely find problems arising from the operation, and warning. In power plants, the use of automation technology also analysis and remote data transmission, realize the online management of equipment, improving the efficiency and quality of power plants. Electrical automation technology applications for the future development of the power plant provide a favorable environment.

Novel Solid Fuel Gasification Power Plant for In Situ CO2 Capture

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kakaras ◽  
A. K. Koumanakos ◽  
P. Klimantos ◽  
A. Doukelis ◽  
N. Koukouzas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Steam Gasification ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
In Situ Co2 Capture

The work presented in this paper aims to examine and analyse a novel concept dealing with the carbonation-calcination process of lime for CO2 capture from coal-fired power plants. The scheme is based on a novel steam gasification process of low rank coals with calcined limestone where in-situ CO2 capture and steam reforming are performed in a single reactor. CO2 is separated reacting exothermically with CaO based sorbents, providing also the necessary heat for the gasification reactions. The produced gas is a H2-rich gas with low carbon or near zero carbon content, depending on the ratio of lime added to the process. The produced fuel gas can be used in state-of-the-art combined cycles where it is converted to electricity, generating almost no CO2 emissions. After being captured in the gasification process, CO2 is released in a separate reactor where extra energy is provided through the combustion of low rank coal. Regenerated CaO is produced in this reactor and is continuously recycled within the process. The key element of the concept is the high-pressure steam gasification process where CO2 is captured by CaO based sorbents and fuel gas with high hydrogen content is produced, without using additional shift reactors. Two optimised power plant configurations are presented in detail and examined. In the first case, pure oxygen is utilised for the low rank coal combustion in the limestone regeneration process, while in the second case fuel is combusted with air instead. Results from the equilibrium based mass balance of the two reactors as well as the power plant thermodynamic simulations, dealing with the most important features for CO2 reduction are presented concerning the two different options. The energy penalties are quantified and the power plant efficiencies are calculated. The calculated results demonstrate the capability of the power plant to deliver decarbonised electricity while achieving high overall electrical efficiencies, comparable to other technological alternatives for CO2 capture power plants. The Aspen Plus software is used for the equilibrium based mass balance of the gasifier and the regenerator while the combined cycle power plant cycle calculations are performed with the thermodynamic cycle calculation software ENBIPRO (ENergie-BIllanz-PROgram), a powerful tool for heat and mass balance solving of complex thermodynamic circuits, calculation of efficiency, exergetic and exergoeconomic analysis of power plants [1].

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