Assessment of maize-peanut intercropping and its potential waste usage for cattle feed in dry land

Abstract Intercropping planting system is one of methods to enhance the land productivity. The maize and peanut crops waste has high beneficial to farmers for cattle feed. The study of maize and peanut crops intercropping has been conducted in May-August 2020. Study was arranged by using Randomized Complete Block Design with 5 treatments and replicated for 8 times. Treatments examined were P1: Srikandi Kuning maize variety cultivated by monoculture planting system; P2: Nasa 29 maize variety cultivated by monoculture; P3: Peanut crop cultivated by monoculture; P4: Srikandi Kuning and peanut crop cultivated by intercropping; P5: Nasa 29 and peanut crop cultivated by intercropping. Variables observed were growth and yield components and analysed by analysis of variance and advanced tested by LSD at 5%. To know the land productivity, the calculation of Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) was done meanwhile the Index of Plant Competition (IPC) also was calculated to know the plant competition level. Results showed that the peanut crop productivity by intercropping was decrease about 37.50%-38.79% compared to monoculture. Meanwhile, the productivity of Srikandi Kuning maize variety was also decrease due to the reducing of plant population. The intercropping of Srikandi Kuning and Nasa 29 variety with peanut crop enhance the LER became 1.02 and 1.03. The utilization of Nasa 29 maize variety by intercropping with peanut crop was better than Srikandi Kuning with the lower IPC namely 0.8932 meanwhile the IPC of Srikandi Kuning was 0.9270. The potential waste for cattle feed at maize crop plantation by monoculture was higher than intercropping with peanut crop and peanut crops by monoculture namely P3: 572 head/ha; P1: 500 head/ha; P5: 484 head/ha; P4: 454 head/day; P3: 288 head/day.

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Effect of intercropping madumbe (Colocasia esculenta) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) on yield and land productivity under different irrigation water management techniques with effluent water

Water SA ◽

10.17159//wsa/2020.v46.i2.8235 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 46 (2 April) ◽

Author(s):

TI Busari ◽

A Senzanje ◽

AO Odindo ◽

CA Buckley

Keyword(s):

Water Management ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Block Design ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Land Productivity ◽

Irrigation Water Management ◽

Sole Cropping ◽

Management Techniques

The need for the optimal use of land, without a yield penalty, in urban and peri-urban (UP) settlements is vital. This study investigated the effect of intercropping madumbe and rice with respect to yield and land productivity when irrigated with anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) effluent under different irrigation water management techniques. It was hypothesized that intercropping under different irrigation water management techniques has no effect on the yield and land productivity. Field trials were conducted in the 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons with ABR effluent (without fertilizer) at the Newlands Mashu Experimental Site, Newlands East, Durban, South Africa. A randomized complete block design with 3 replications; cropping treatments of sole madumbe, sole rice and madumbe + rice (intercrop) and irrigation treatments of alternate wetting and drying (AWD), continuous flood irrigation (CFI) and wetting without flooding (WWF) was used. Growth and yield parameters at harvest were determined. Thereafter, land equivalent ratio (LER) was calculated to evaluate the productivity of the intercrop. The effect of intercropping was significant (P < 0.05) on the total number of irrigation events and total water use. There was a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in plant heights of both madumbe and rice at intercrop. However, the effect on plant height for treatment CFI was positive but not significant (P > 0.05) for both seasons. A significant (P < 0.05) reduction also occurred in the number of madumbe leaves/plant, and panicles/plant and tillers/plant for rice. Intercropping significantly reduced (P < 0.05) madumbe corm and rice grain yield over the two seasons relative to sole cropping. LER showed that intercropping madumbe with rice was not more productive (LER < 1) than sole cropping of madumbe. It was concluded that over the two-season period, intercropping madumbe and rice do not yield appreciably under any of the three irrigation management techniques applied and the study hypothesis is thus rejected.

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SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF COMPOSTED BROILER LITTER IN MISSISSIPPI VEGETABLE PRODUCTION

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.40.3.887a ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 887a-887

Author(s):

W.B. Evans ◽

Y. Vizzier-Thaxton ◽

P. Hudson ◽

K. Paridon

Keyword(s):

Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽

Brassica Oleracea ◽

Block Design ◽

Crop Productivity ◽

Fruit Yield ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Yield Response ◽

Vegetable Production ◽

Broiler Litter ◽

Waste Products

Mississippi is one of the nation's largest broiler litter producing states. Interest in using litter and other organic waste products, such as compost, in horticultural systems is increasing in the state and region. The objective of this research was to determine the influences of composted broiler litter (CBL) on three aspects of vegetable crop productivity: growth and yield, microbiological safety, and mineral nutrition. This report focuses on the first two objectives. Compost was made in a covered, turned windrow for a blend of broiler litter and hardwood sawdust. Responses to CBL were tested in two vegetables: collard (Brassica oleracea var. Acephala) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Rates of CBL ranged from 0 to 5 tons/acre, preplant incorporated in a randomized complete block design with four replicates for each species in two separate experiments in 2004. Testing of the CBL, the soil after application, leaves, and harvested organs found no significant influence of CBL on pathogenic microbe concentrations. At each of five sampling dates through commercial crop maturity, collard (Brassica oleracea var. Acephala) fresh and dry weight per plant increased linearly with CBL applications up to 5 tons/acre. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) shoot fresh weight increased with increasing CBL applications at each sampling date. Marketable fruit yield increased linearly with increasing CBL applications. Total fruit yield response to CBL was best described by a quadratic equation.

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Effect of intercropping madumbe (Colocasia esculenta) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) on yield and land productivity under different irrigation water management techniques with effluent water

Water SA ◽

10.17159/wsa/2020.v46.i2.8235 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 46 (2 April) ◽

Author(s):

TI Busari ◽

A Senzanje ◽

AO Odindo ◽

CA Buckley

Keyword(s):

Water Management ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Block Design ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Land Productivity ◽

Irrigation Water Management ◽

Sole Cropping ◽

Management Techniques

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Peningkatan Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Jagung Manis dengan Pemanfaatan Trichokompos dan POC Daun Lamtoro

Agrotechnology Research Journal ◽

10.20961/agrotechresj.v3i2.31910 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 69

Author(s):

Mukhofifatul Ainiya ◽

Moch Fadil ◽

Rika Despita

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Leucaena Leucocephala ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Land Productivity ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Two Factors ◽

Corn Plants

Fertilization is an effort to increase the production of sweet corn corp. The tendency of excessive use of inorganic fertilizers can lead to decreased land productivity. One attempt to improve soil fertility is the organic matter that can improve the physical, chemical and biological soil. The objective of this research was to study the benefit of Trichokompos and liquid organic fertilizer lamtoro leaves to increase growth and yield of sweet corn. The research conducted in Keling Village, Kepung Subdistrict, Kediri Regency from December 2018 - March 2019. The method used was Factorial Randomized Completed Block Design (RCBD) with two factors and 3 replications. The first factor, Trichokompos consists of 3 levels of experiment (0 ton/ha, 20 ton/ha, 25 ton/ha). The second factor, liquid organic fertilizer of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) consists of 3 levels of experiment (0 ml plant-1, 200 ml plant-1, 250 ml plant-1). The results showed that the treatment of Trichokompos 25-ton ha-1 and liquid organic fertilizer of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) 250 ml plant-1 could increase the growth and yield of sweet corn plants compared to other treatments.

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Peanut yield under irrigation levels in off-season cultivation

Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo ◽

10.48162/rev.39.006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 55-67

Author(s):

Pablo Nascimento de Oliveira França ◽

Rogério Teixeira de Faria ◽

Willians César Carrega ◽

Anderson Prates Coelho ◽

Ignácio José Godoy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Deficit Irrigation ◽

Block Design ◽

Seed Mass ◽

Sprinkler System ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Full Irrigation ◽

Irrigation Level ◽

Yield Increase ◽

Peanut Crop ◽

Irrigation Levels

Water deficit is considered the most critical environmental factor for peanut production in Brazil, as it constitutes one of the major constraints to the expansion of its cultivation in the suitable crop zones of the country. Determining crop water demand is fundamental to increasing yield with lower water consumption. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of full and deficit irrigation levels (L1 = 8%, L2 = 27%, L3 = 63%, L4 = 94% and L5 = 100% replenishment of crop evapotranspiration) on the development, growth and yield of peanut crop sown in two times, February and March. Treatments were distributed in a split-plot randomized complete block design, with four replicates, using a line-source sprinkler system. Irrigation depths from 65 to 314 mm were applied with the levels L1 to L5 during the first and second cropping cycles. Full irrigation with sowing in March was more advantageous due to yield increase of up to 30% compared to sowing in February, but crop cycle was 25 days longer. Water stress caused by deficit irrigation reduced plant height, seed mass and pod yield, while full irrigation (L5) led to yields from 4,141 to 5,102 kg ha-1 for February and March, approximately three times higher than those obtained with the lowest irrigation level (L1). Highlights Peanut has great importance in the food and industry of several countries. The results of this research apply to regions that require irrigation, which is of about 70% of the areas of the globe with this legume. This paper contributes with information that emphasizes the possibility of cultivation in the drought season, aiming at the expansion of the crop and the production of quality seeds using irrigation.

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Evaluation of different cropping systems for marginal uplands in Barangay Caticugan, Sta. Rita, Samar

Annals of Tropical Research ◽

10.32945/atr39sa2.2017 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 20-30

Author(s):

Ulysses Cagasan ◽

Ed Allan Alcober ◽

Mark Gil Gerona ◽

Gretchen Mae Prado

Keyword(s):

Cropping Systems ◽

Block Design ◽

Total Yield ◽

Cropping System ◽

Crop Productivity ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Net Income ◽

Land Equivalent Ratio ◽

The Difference ◽

Increase Crop Yield

To help improve the lives of upland farmers in Barangay Caticugan, Sta. Rita, Samar, there is a need to find ways to increase crop yield and income. This study aimed to determine cropping systems that improve crop productivity, increase income and promote cropping systems technology to upland farmers in Barangay Caticugan, Sta Rita, Samar. The experimental units were arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The cropping systems tested were monocropping on corn, peanut and mungbean and intercropping corn + peanut and corn + mungbean. This paper considered only the data for one cropping planted during dryseason. The growth and yield characteristics of all crops under study were not significantly (p<0.05) affected bythe cropping systems. Fresh herbage yield (t ha-1) and total yield (t ha-1) in all crops (corn, peanut & mungbean) and harvest index of peanut were significantly affected by the treatments. The significant variations on the said treatments were due to the difference in the plant population of monocultures and the intercrops. On the other hand, corn + mungbean gave a land equivalent ratio (LER) of 1.16, which means that such practice is more productive than growing corn or mungbean as monocrop. Likewise, corn + peanut have an LER value of 1.20 which means corn + peanut intercropping system is more advantageous over monocropping. Economic analysis revealed that monoculture of peanut and mungbean is the most profitable cropping system as it provides a relatively higher yield and net income.

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Response of sweetpotato to the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers in marginal upland

Annals of Tropical Research ◽

10.32945/atr4011.2018 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 1-17

Author(s):

Berta Ratilla ◽

Jay-Ar Bagarinao ◽

Othello Capuno

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Organic Amendments ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Crop Productivity ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Root Yield ◽

Combined Application ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Control Root ◽

Organic And Inorganic Fertilizers

Marginal uplands are characterized by low soil fertility and crop productivity. To alleviate the problem, organic amendments combined with inorganic fertilizer were tested to assess their effects on the growth and yield performance of sweetpotato; determine the option treatment combination; and assess the soil physicochemical properties. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used with 3 replications and 7 treatments, namely: T0 = (0-0-0); T1 = 1 t ha-1 Evans + 30-30-30 kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T2 = 1 t ha-1 Wellgrow + 30-30-30 kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T3 = 15 t ha-1 chicken dung alone; T4 = 10 t ha-1 chicken dung + 30-30-30 kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T5 = 15 t ha-1 Vermicast alone; and T6 = 10 t ha-1 Vermicast + 30-30-30 kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1. Application of 10 t ha-1 of either chicken dung or vermicast plus 30-30-30 kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1 in Inopacan, Leyte produced higher total root yield over the control. Root yield during the second cropping greatly increased to 16.19 t ha-1 which is almost 3 times higher than the first crop when 15 t ha-1 chicken dung alone (T3) was used. In Sta. Rita, Samar, most of the growth, yield, and yield parameters of sweetpotato were not affected by the treatments. Moreover, only a slight improvement in soil properties was noted.

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The influence of vermicomposting on photosynthetic activity and productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) crop under semi-arid climate

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0256450 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. e0256450

Author(s):

Muhammad Younas ◽

Huasong Zou ◽

Tasmia Laraib ◽

Waseem Abbas ◽

Muhammad Waqar Akhtar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Photosynthetic Activity ◽

Farmyard Manure ◽

Crop Productivity ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Ziziphus Mauritiana ◽

Desert Plant ◽

Natural Habitats ◽

Maize Crop ◽

The Impact

Food production and waste recycling are the two major issues faced globally with rapidly increasing population. Recycling organic wastes to crop amendments could be a possible solution to these issues. Earthworms transfer organic waste to compost, which is used to grow crops and increase crop productivity. This study assessed the impact of vermicompost produced from the residues of six desert plant species, i.e., (Ziziphus mauritiana, Aerva javanica, Calligonum comosum, Sacchrum benghalens, Calligonum polygonoides and Prosopis cineraria) combined with farmyard manure (5 t ha-1) on growth, yield and photosynthetic activity of maize crop. Earthworm species Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826) was used to prepare vermicomposting of all tested plant species. The desert species were collected from natural habitats, chopped, dried, mixed with FYM and then earthworms were released to prepare the vermicompost. The earthworms were excluded twenty days after release and resultant was considered as compost and used in the experiment. Results revealed that application of P. cineraria vermicompost resulted in the highest plant height (75.33 cm), stem diameter (22.66 mm), cob length (17.66 cm), number of grains/cob (374.67), 1000-grain weight (260.41 g) and grains yield (3.20 t/ha). Application of P. cineraria vermicompost resulted in the highest uptake of macronutrients, i.e., N (91.01%), P (22.07%), K (80.41%), micronutrients, i.e., Fe (19.07 ppm), Zn (40.05 ppm), and phenolic contents (150). Application of P. cineraria vermicompost also resulted in the highest quantum photosynthetic yield (0.42 mole C/mole of photon), chlorophyll florescence (355.18 moles of photon m-2s-1) and electron transport rate (310.18 micro mole m-2s-1). It is concluded that vermicomposting has the potential to improve growth and yield of maize crop. Particularly, application of vermicompost obtained from P. cineraria can be used to improve the growth and yield of maize crop. Nonetheless, field trials are necessary for a wide scale recommendation.

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Growth and yield of rice fields with posbidik compost and jajar legowo planting system

CELEBES Agricultural ◽

10.52045/jca.v2i1.177 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

I Ketut Suweta ◽

Hertasning Yatim ◽

Mihwan Sataral

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Block Design ◽

Plant Population ◽

Rice Production ◽

Lowland Rice ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Innovative Product ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Planting System

Posbidik compost is an innovative product that is expected to solve the scarcity of subsidized fertilizers for farmers. The principle of the jajar legowo planting system is to increase plant population and lowland rice production. This study aimed to determine the influence of posbidik compost and jajar legowo planting system on the growth and yield of Ciherang rice varieties. This study was conducted on irrigation paddy fields owned by farmers in West Toili District, Banggai Regency, in August-December 2020. This study used a factorial randomized block design consisting of 2 factors, namely posbidik compost consisting of 3 levels, namely: K1 = 5 tons/ha; K2 = 7.5 tons/ha; K3 = 10 tons / ha, and planting system legowo 2:1 line consisting of 3 levels, namely: L1 = 20 x 10 x 40 cm; L2 = 25 x 12.5 x 50 cm; L3 = 30 x 15 x 60 cm. The results showed that the interaction of posbidik compost and jajar legowo planting system does not affect the plant height; however, it affects the number of productive tillers, the weight of 1000 grains and productivity. The results showed that the best performance of the yield rice in the treatments of 7.5 tons/ha posbidik dose with planting space of 25 x 12.5 x 50 cm.

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Studi Sistem Tanam Jajar Legowo terhadap Peningkatan Produktivitas Padi Sawah

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan ◽

10.25181/jppt.v14i2.148 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Misran Misran

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Yield Components ◽

Block Design ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

System Productivity ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

West Sumatra ◽

Optimum Productivity ◽

Productive Tiller ◽

Planting System

The studies of row planting system “legowo” to the increased productivity of lowland rice. This research aims to determine the best planting system in order to obtain optimum growth and yield. The experiment site in lowland farmers Piruko Sitiung, Dharmasraya district, West Sumatra, from May to September 2009. The research using a randomized block design (RBD) with 4 replications and 5 treatments planting systems, namely: (A) the Row “Legowo” 2:1, (B) the Row “Legowo” 4:1, (C) the Row “Legowo” 6:1, (D) the Row “Legowo” 8:1, and (e) Without the Row “Legowo” Control. Fertilizers are used ; 200 kg Urea, 100 kg SP36, and 50 kg KCl/ha. Urea and KCl are given three times with brocasting system at 1, 4 , and 7 weeks after planting (wap), while the SP36 is given at 1 wap combined with Urea and KCl. The seeds used Batang Piaman variety planted three seedling per hill, spacing of 25x25 cm . Data were collected on; plant height , maximum number of tillers/hill, number of productive tiller/hill, yield components, and yield. The results showed that “legowo” row planting system significantly affect the agronomic component plants, except at plant height. Against the yield components and the results also showed a marked influence on the percentage of empty grains unless and 1000 grain weight. “Legowo” row planting system can increase the yield of dry grain harvest around 19.90 to 22%. This experiment suggests that in order to obtain optimum productivity of lawland rice is recommended to use of “Legowo” row planting system. Keywords : “Legowo” row planting system, productivity, lawland rice.

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