scholarly journals The Effect of Chelated Zinc and Nano-Zinc and Interaction on Growth Traits of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (1) ◽  
pp. 012072
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abed Mohammed Al-Toki ◽  
Rahim Halloul
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Nano Zinc

Abstract The field experiment was carried out in one of the farmers’ fields in Al-Fajr district, Dhi Qar governorate, located 90 km north of Nasiriyah city center, during the agricultural season 2020-2021. To show the effect of spraying different levels of chelated and nano zinc on the growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The experiment was conducted using factorial experiments according to the complete block design (RCBD). The experiment included two factors, the first factor using chelated zinc at five levels (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 mg. L−1), and the second factor using nano-zinc at five levels (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 mg. L−1). The results show that chelated zinc was a significant effect on the leaf area, the flag leaf, tiller number and chlorophyll, and no significant effect on plant height and spike length. As for the zinc nanoparticles, it had a significant effect on leaf area and chlorophyll, and no significant effect on the plant height, spike length and the tiller number. While the interaction affected significantly the leaf area, and no significantly affect the plant height, spike length, tiller number and chlorophyll.

scholarly journals Study of The Effect of Salt Stress and Kinetin and Their Interaction on The Growth and Yield of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (1) ◽  
pp. 012084
Author(s):  
Zahra Hussein Al-Khafaji ◽  
Fouad Razzaq Al-Burki
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract A field experiment was conducted at the first station of the College of Agriculture/University of Al-Muthanna for the agricultural season 2020-2021, with the aim of studying the effect of treatment with salinity stress and kinetin on the growth and yield of the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar of Bohooth 22. The experiment was applied by split plates design using a randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D) with three Replicators of 36 experimental units The main units included levels of irrigation water salinity (2.5, 5, 7.5, 10) ds/m, while the secondary units included levels of kinetin (0, 30, 60 Ppm). The results of the statistical analysis showed a significant difference in the salinity of the high irrigation water in most growth traits such as plant height, flag leaf area, number of tillers plant−1, spike length (cm) and number of days to physiological maturity (day) at a rate of (.5473, 14.912, 3.222, 9.176, 143.67) respectively, and the traits of the yield and its components represented by the number of spikes. m2, number of grains per spike, weight of 1000 grains (gm), grain yield (ton ha−1) and biological yield (ton ha−1) at a rate of (300.06, 35.39, 31.60, 3.52, 9.46) respectively, while soaking the seeds with kinetin led to a significant increase in most of the studied traits. Thus, we conclude that salt stress has a negative role on the growth stages of the vegetative plant, and this leads to the reduction of the yield and its components.

scholarly journals Heterosis dan Heterobeltiosis Hasil Gabah Serta Korelasinya Terhadap Pertumbuhan Padi Hibrida

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-100
Author(s):  
Nurwulan Agustiani ◽  
Sujinah Sujinah ◽  
Bayu P Wibowo ◽  
Satoto Satoto
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Positive Heterosis ◽  
Growth Characters ◽  
Grain Number Per Panicle

Heterosis in F1-hybrids is very closely related to processes during plant growth. The purpose of this study was to obtain information on some growth characters that supported positive heterosis for yield.  The experiment was carried out at KP. Sukamandi on the rainy season in 2016, used a Randomized Block Design with three replications. The material used in this study were four superior hybrid varieties (Hipa 9, Hipa 18, Hipa 19, and Hipa East Java 2) and their parents (maintainer and restorer strains). The results showed that the four materials tested had positive heterosis values ​​with an average value of 4.23-25.03% for the characters of plant height, tiller number, grain number per panicle, weight of 1000 grains, and yield. Heterobeltiosis values ​​ranged from 2.06% to 13.62% for the characters of plant height, tiller number, grain number per panicle, and yield.  Growth characters that were positively correlated to yield increase were plant height, leaf area in the primordia phase, and weight of 1000 grains. The four hybrid materials tested had similar leaf area per clump in the primordia phase, but only Hipa Jatim 2 still had the highest leaf area in the physiological cooking phase. All four hybrids had better leaf thickness characteristics than their parents. F1 average showed increased number of grain per panicle compared to the two parents, especially in Hipa 18 and Hipa 19, which had a higher weight per 1000 grains than the two parents. Keywords: hybrids, rice, heterosis, heterobeltiosis   ABSTRAK Heterosis pada F1-hibrida sangat berkaitan erat dengan proses-proses selama pertumbuhan tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkaninformasibeberapa karakter pertumbuhan yang mendukung heterosis positif terhadap hasil. Percobaan dilaksanakan di KP. Sukamandi pada musim hujan 2016, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah empat varietas unggul hibrida (Hipa 9, Hipa 18, Hipa 19, dan Hipa Jatim 2) dan tetuanya (galur maintainer dan restorer). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keempat materi yang diuji mempunyai nilai heterosis positif dengan nilai rata-rata 4,23-25,03% pada karakter tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, jumlah gabah per malai, bobot 1000 butir, dan hasil. Nilai heterobeltiosis berkisar antara 2,06% sampai 13,62% pada karakter tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, jumlah gabah per malai, dan hasil. Karakter-karakter pertumbuhan yang berkorelasi positif terhadap peningkatan hasil yaitu tinggi tanaman, luas daun pada fase primordia, dan bobot 1000 butir. Keempat materi hibrida yang diuji mempunyai luas daun per rumpun yang setara pada fase primordia, namun hanya Hipa Jatim 2 yang masih mempunyai luas daun tertinggi pada fase masak fisiologis,.  Keempatnya mempunyai karakter ketebalan daun yang lebih baik dibanding tetuanya. Rata-rata F1 menunjukkan perbaikan jumlah gabah per malai dibanding kedua tetuanya, terlebih pada Hipa 18 dan Hipa 19 yang juga mempunyai bobot 1000 butir lebih tinggi dibandingkan kedua tetuanya. Kata kunci: hibrida, pada, heterosis, heterobeltiosis

scholarly journals Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes for Morpho-physiological Traits along with Grain Fe and Zn Content

2020 ◽  
pp. 130-140
Author(s):  
Mainak Barman ◽  
Vinay Kumar Choudhary ◽  
Satish Kumar Singh ◽  
Rabiya Parveen ◽  
Abhishek K. Gowda
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
Relative Water

Character association studies help in assessing the relationship among yield and its components to enhance the selection utility. In view of this, the present research was carried out for assessing correlation and path coefficients among 30 bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes using fifteen quantitative parameters. Correlation analysis demonstrated a noteworthy positive relationship of days to fifty per cent flowering, number of tillers/plant, flag leaf area, spike length, plant height, chlorophyll content, relative water content, number of grains/ ear, thousand-grain weight, days to maturity and harvest index, with grain yield per plant at both the phenotypic and genotypic level except canopy temperature which showed a significant negative relationship. Path coefficient analysis revealed that plant height, flag leaf area, relative water content and grain per ear had the maximum positive direct effect on grain yield. Hence, the present investigation can be helpful in executing a reliable selection of parental lines based on these above mentioned traits in addition to developing high-yielding varieties for further breeding programme.

scholarly journals Interrelationships among traits and morphological diversity of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) accessions in base collection of Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Albania

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Doriana Bode XHULAJ ◽  
Fetah ELEZI ◽  
Valbona HOBDARI
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The object of the study was the evaluation of the morphological variability of 92 wheat germplasm (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.) part of <em>ex situ</em> collection of Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Agricultural University of Tirana. Principal components and cluster analysis were carried out involving 8 quantitative traits, such as tiller capacity, plant height, spike length, number of spikelet per spike, number of seeds per spikelet, number of seeds per spike, seed size and of seeds per spike. Plant height showed positive significant correlation with yield contributing traits as spike length (r = 0.560) and the number of spikelet’s per spike (r = 0.305). The number of grains per spike had a significant positive relationship with the mass of grains per spike. Three principal components exhibited about 66.42 % of variability where two PCs components influenced mostly the variability (PC1 with 28.1 % and PC2 with 24.43 %). Accessions were grouped into three major clusters based on complete linkage, suggesting for a variance at the level of 27.50 % within a class and 72.50 % between classes. The results suggested that plant height, spike length, number of spikelet per spike were the most important characters in differentiating the genotypes.

scholarly journals WINTER WHEAT GROWTH IN ARTIFICIALLY COMPACTED SOIL

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. WILHELM ◽  
L. N. MIELKE
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Normal Density ◽  
Compacted Soil

Dense soil tillage pans can develop from the improper use of tillage tools. The influence of compacted layers or pans on plant growth and development, although much studied, is not clearly understood. This greenhouse experiment evaluated the influence of uniformly compacted soil and thin layers of compacted soil placed at various depths on early growth of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Artificially compacted soil [Alliance silt loam, Aridic Argiustoll (Eluviated Brown Chernozem); A horizon] profiles were constructed in polyvinyl chloride tubes of 150-mm diameter by 350 mm long. Treatments were: (1) uniformly noncompacted (bulk density 1.30 Mg m−3) soil; (2) uniformly compacted (bulk density 1.80 Mg m−3) soil; (3) a compacted (bulk density 1.80 Mg m−3) soil layer at 100- to 120-mm depth with the remaining soil noncompacted (bulk density 1.30 Mg m−3); or (4) a compacted (bulk density 1.80 Mg m−3) soil layer at 180- to 200-mm depth with the remaining soil noncompacted (bulk density 1.30 Mg m−3). Generally, winter wheat grown in cores that were uniformly compacted or compacted in the upper layer responded similarly. Plant height, at the end of the experiment (32 d after planting), for the uniformly compacted and upper compacted layer treatments was 280 mm, compared to 323 mm for the control (uniformly noncompacted). Leaf area development was similar to the response indicated for plant height throughout the growth period. Root mass and length tended to be less in layered or compacted soil than in noncompacted soil. Roots accumulated within or immediately above compacted soil layers. Higher bulk density or a shallow compacted layer produced winter wheat with reduced height, leaf area, and dry matter compared with soil of normal density or with a deeper compacted layer. Key words: Bulk density, Triticum aestivum L., tillage pan, wheat (winter)

scholarly journals Study on Genotypic Response and Correlation Analysis of the Yield and Yield Attributing Traits of Different Barley (Hordeum Vulgare) Genotypes

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-536
Author(s):  
Deepak Vitrakoti ◽  
Sheetal Aryal ◽  
Santosh Rasaily ◽  
Bishnu Raj Ojha ◽  
Raju Kharel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Days To Flowering ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Peduncle Length

Barley, being a tremendous opportunities crop, we are far back regarding study, research and utilization. An experiment was conducted 2014-2015 to evaluate the barley genotypes for their yield attributing traits and correlation and causation. Eleven yield contributing traits viz., days to booting, heading and flowering; peduncle length, spike length, plant height, flag leaf area, flag leaf-1 area, thousand grain weight, biological weight and yield per hectare were recorded. High significant variation among genotypes was found for traits under study. Genotypes SBYT3-13#1115 (1960 kg), 14-SB-NAK-MR#17 (1760 kg) and AM POP#26 (1660 kg) were found to be superior for their per se performance based on grain yield per hectare, yield attributing and other quantitative traits. Thousand grains weight (0.333) had positively highest significant correlation with grain yield per hectare followed by spike length (0.310). Grain yield per hectare showed negative highly significant correlation with days to flowering (-0.796) followed by days to heading (-0.761) and days to booting (-0.663). Peduncle length (0.229), plant height (0.226), biological weight (0.181) and flag leaf area (0.032) were positively correlated with grain yield per hectare while flag leaf-1 area(-0.029) was negatively correlated. Thus, selection for genotypes with higher thousand grain weight and spike length accommodating earlier days to flowering, heading and booting is a prerequisite for attaining improvement in grain yield per hectare.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(4): 529-536

scholarly journals Evaluation the Effect of Bio-Fertilization on Some Wheat (Triticum Aestivum) Growth Parameters under Drought Conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 1948-1956
Author(s):  
Dina A. Saad ◽  
Ayyad W. Al-Shahwany ◽  
Hadi M. Aboud
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Glomus Mosseae ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Control Treatment

       Field experiment was conducted during 2018- 2019 in loam soil at the research field of the Department of Biology, College of Science, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq, to study the effect of bio-fertilizers and two levels of chemical fertilization ( 50% and 100%) in some agronomic traits of wheat Triticum aestivum L. cultivar IPA 99  by the genus Azotobacter chroococum and AMF Glomus mosseae singly or in combination under drought condition. The experimental design was a Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD)with three replications. The results revealed that the application of bio-fertilizers reduced the negative impacts of water deficit. However,   (Azoto+AMF) were significantly increased  the means of plant height, flag leaf area, flag leaf chlorophyll content and the fresh weight of total vegetative ( 86.81 cm, 65.45 cm2, 49.55 SPAD, 37.93 g) respectively compared to the control treatment at 20% water deficit and 50% fertilization. Besides, there was no antagonism between A. chroococcum and Glomus mosseae, which can recommend to use them as bio-fertilizer.

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