scholarly journals WINTER WHEAT GROWTH IN ARTIFICIALLY COMPACTED SOIL

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. WILHELM ◽  
L. N. MIELKE
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Normal Density ◽  
Compacted Soil

Dense soil tillage pans can develop from the improper use of tillage tools. The influence of compacted layers or pans on plant growth and development, although much studied, is not clearly understood. This greenhouse experiment evaluated the influence of uniformly compacted soil and thin layers of compacted soil placed at various depths on early growth of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Artificially compacted soil [Alliance silt loam, Aridic Argiustoll (Eluviated Brown Chernozem); A horizon] profiles were constructed in polyvinyl chloride tubes of 150-mm diameter by 350 mm long. Treatments were: (1) uniformly noncompacted (bulk density 1.30 Mg m−3) soil; (2) uniformly compacted (bulk density 1.80 Mg m−3) soil; (3) a compacted (bulk density 1.80 Mg m−3) soil layer at 100- to 120-mm depth with the remaining soil noncompacted (bulk density 1.30 Mg m−3); or (4) a compacted (bulk density 1.80 Mg m−3) soil layer at 180- to 200-mm depth with the remaining soil noncompacted (bulk density 1.30 Mg m−3). Generally, winter wheat grown in cores that were uniformly compacted or compacted in the upper layer responded similarly. Plant height, at the end of the experiment (32 d after planting), for the uniformly compacted and upper compacted layer treatments was 280 mm, compared to 323 mm for the control (uniformly noncompacted). Leaf area development was similar to the response indicated for plant height throughout the growth period. Root mass and length tended to be less in layered or compacted soil than in noncompacted soil. Roots accumulated within or immediately above compacted soil layers. Higher bulk density or a shallow compacted layer produced winter wheat with reduced height, leaf area, and dry matter compared with soil of normal density or with a deeper compacted layer. Key words: Bulk density, Triticum aestivum L., tillage pan, wheat (winter)

scholarly journals Reproductive ability of common winter wheat plants under drought

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 86-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. I. Zhuk
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Soil Drought ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Critical Phase

Aim. The goal of this work was to study the effect of soil drought on the reproductive ability of common winter wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.). Methods. Wheat plants of cultivars Yednist and Zbruch were grown under optimal nutrition and well-watered conditions to the earing-flowering phase, after that the experimental plants were transferred to drought regime for 10 days, after that the optimal water supply was restored to the end of vegetation. During the experiment, the stem length and the leaf area were measured. Ripened plants were analyzed according to the structure of the yield. Results. It is established that the effect of drought in the critical phase of ontogenesis the earing-flowering led to the decreasing the stem length, the leaf area, the mass of the ear and grains, number of grains more in Zbruch cultivar than in Yednist cultivar. In Zbruch cultivar under drought the number of productive stems per plant decreased. Conclusions. Water deficiency in the soil in the critical phase of earing-flowering led to a decrease in the reproductive ability of winter wheat plants due to the inhibition of growth of stem, reduction of the leaf area, the grain number and the mass of ear and grains. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., stem, ear, productivity, drought.

The effect of light on development of the rosette growth habit of winter wheat

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 818-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. A. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Light Supply ◽  
Cold Hardy ◽  
Effect Of Light

Young plants of the cold-hardy winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Thell.) Kharkov 22 MC did not develop atypical prostrate or rosette growth habit unless light supply exceeded 350 klux∙h∙day−1. Prostrate habit developed under both short (10-h) and long (16-h or 24-h) photoperiods. Under a given photoperiod, expression of this trait intensified as light intensities increased. This finding was demonstrated in both field and growth-cabinet experiments. The degree of development of the rosette growth habit may be assessed by plotting plant height against plant age. Plants that develop typical rosettes decline in height when the rosettes develop whereas plants that remain erect show a continuous increase in height.

scholarly journals Productivity of winter wheat plants under drought

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. I. Zhuk
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Soil Drought ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Critical Phase ◽  
Yield Structure

Aim. The goal of research was to study the effects of soil drought on the productivity of winter wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.). Methods. Wheat plants of the cultivars of Zolotocolosa and Astarta were grown under optimal nutrition and moisture to the earing-flowering phase. After the beginning of it the experimental plants were transferred to drought conditions for 8 days, after that the optimal water supply was restored to the end of the vegetation. The yield structure was analyzed in mature plants. Results. It is established that the effect of drought in the critical phase of ontogenesis led to a decrease in plant height, ear size, mass and number of grains in it. At the same time, the number of grains in ears of plants decreased more significantly in the cultivar Zolotocolosa compared to the Astarta, especially in the tillers. The loss of grains mass from the ear was lower in cultivar Zolotocolosa than to the Astarta. Conclusions. Water deficit in the soil in the critical phase of ear-flowering led to a decrease in the productivity of wheat plants due to the inhibition of growth, the laying and the formation elements of the ear and grains, that depended on the specificity of the cultivar. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., stem, ear, productivity, drought.

scholarly journals The Effect of Chelated Zinc and Nano-Zinc and Interaction on Growth Traits of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (1) ◽  
pp. 012072
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abed Mohammed Al-Toki ◽  
Rahim Halloul
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Nano Zinc

Abstract The field experiment was carried out in one of the farmers’ fields in Al-Fajr district, Dhi Qar governorate, located 90 km north of Nasiriyah city center, during the agricultural season 2020-2021. To show the effect of spraying different levels of chelated and nano zinc on the growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The experiment was conducted using factorial experiments according to the complete block design (RCBD). The experiment included two factors, the first factor using chelated zinc at five levels (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 mg. L−1), and the second factor using nano-zinc at five levels (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 mg. L−1). The results show that chelated zinc was a significant effect on the leaf area, the flag leaf, tiller number and chlorophyll, and no significant effect on plant height and spike length. As for the zinc nanoparticles, it had a significant effect on leaf area and chlorophyll, and no significant effect on the plant height, spike length and the tiller number. While the interaction affected significantly the leaf area, and no significantly affect the plant height, spike length, tiller number and chlorophyll.

scholarly journals Whole Genome Association Mapping of Plant Height in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e113287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine D. Zanke ◽  
Jie Ling ◽  
Jörg Plieske ◽  
Sonja Kollers ◽  
Erhard Ebmeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Association Mapping ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Association ◽  
Whole Genome Association

Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) response to herbicides as affected by application timing and temperature

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melody A. Robinson ◽  
Jocelyne Letarte ◽  
Michael J. Cowbrough ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema ◽  
François J. Tardif
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Time Of Application

Robinson, M. A., Letarte, J., Cowbrough, M. J., Sikkema, P. H. and Tardif, F. J. 2015. Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) response to herbicides as affected by application timing and temperature. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 325–333. Field studies were conducted to determine the effects of cold temperatures and physiological growth stage at the time of application on the tolerance of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to 10 herbicides used in Ontario, Canada. Herbicides were applied: early during a frost event (when forecasted temperatures ≤ 0°C); at a normal timing (Zadoks 21–29); and a late timing (Zadoks 39). Visible injury, yield, plant height at maturity, test weight and 1000-kernel weight were measured to determine if environmental conditions or growth stage at the time of herbicide application influenced wheat tolerance. Cold temperatures at the time of herbicide application resulted in injury with three treatments: 2,4-D, dicamba/MCPA/mecoprop and dichlorprop/2,4-D. Visible injury was greatest at 14 d after treatment (DAT); it was, however, transient and yield, plant height, test weight and 1000-kernel weight were not affected. The herbicides 2,4-D, dichlorprop/2,4-D, and fenoxaprop-p-ethyl caused visible injury 14 DAT when applied at the normal timing, while 2,4-D at this timing, also caused injury 7 DAT. Dicamba/MCPA/mecoprop was the most injurious herbicide, causing 4% injury at the normal timing and 11% injury at the late application timing (42 DAT). Dicamba/MCPA/mecoprop caused yield reductions of 11 to 24% at two locations in 2010 when applied at the normal timing. Dicamba/MCPA/mecoprop reduced yield at 6 of the 8 site-years when applied late, and also reduced plant height. Cold temperatures at the time of application did not affect tolerance of winter wheat; however, visible injury was more likely to occur when herbicides were applied at later growth stages. In most cases, herbicide injury was transient and no impact on yield was observed. Dicamba/MCPA/mecoprop was the most injurious herbicide, causing prolonged injury at all application timings and reducing yields when applied at the normal timing. In addition, yield and plant height were affected negatively when this herbicide was applied late.

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