scholarly journals Selection of Parameters (Heritability, Expected Genetic Advance, Correlations and Genetic Variances) For Introduced Hybrids of Maize Zea Mays L

2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (1) ◽  
pp. 012085
Author(s):  
Rabie Ahmed Shehab Ahmed ◽  
Mohammed Ibrahim Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Abstract A factorial experiment was conducted in Kirkuk govemorate, in which six introduced hybrids (DK 6050, Gimbson, ZP707, ZP6263, Saganto, Glorya) were used, purchased from local markets, and four chemical herbicides (Turkish Nicosulfuron, Rimsulfuron, Atrazine 80%, Nicosulfuron Chinese), as well as a comparison treatment that was purchased from the different original to study growth traits and yield its compound, the effect of each cross, estimation of variances, coefficients of variation, heritability, expected genetic improvement, genetic, environmental and phenotypic correlations for the of herbicides. The results showed that there were significant differences between hybrids in all traits except for the number of grains per ear, index of harvest, and selling %. The highest hybrid ZP707 was in the traits of plant height, ear leaf area, number of ear per plant, ear length, number of grains per row, number of grains per row, number of grains per row, ear weight, biological yield, harvest index and grain yield per plants, as it reached 183.03, 412.00, 1.14, 19.18, 36.97, 568.86, 221.27, 368.39, 59.85 and 205.45, respectively. The genetic correlation of grain yield plant was significant with all traits except the number of leaves per plant, weight of 300 grains, selling %, protein %, and hectoliter, which amounted to -0.406, - 0.385, -1.231, -0.466, -0.546 and -0.807 respectively. The phenotypic correlation of grain yield per plant was significant with all traits except for the number of leaves per plant, the weight of 300 grains, selling %, protein %, and hectoliter, as it amounted to -0.401, -0.332, -0.652, -0.424, -0.514 and -0.652, some of them were not significant and other Negative significant. The environmental correlation of grain yield with the plant was significant with some characteristics such as ear leaf area, number of ears per plant, number of rows per ear, ear weight, and biological yield, which amounted to 0.746, 0.555, 0.542, 0.663, and 0.509, respectively. The highest genetic and phenotypic difference coefficient for a number of grains per ear was 13.80 and 14.37, and the heritability was high in all traits except harvest index and grain yield per plant, which was medium, amounting to 40.15 and 50.35, and selling % and protein % was low, which reached 14.60 and 35.46 respectively, and highest expected genetic improvement for a number of grains per ear was 27.31.

Correlation and path analysis of morpho-physiological and yield traits in boro rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shantanu Das ◽  
Debojit Sarma
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Correlation And Path Analysis ◽  
Positive Direct

Thirty rice genotypes of local and exotic origin were analyzed to ascertain the genotypic and phenotypic correlation among 21 morpho-physiological and yield traits and their direct/ indirect contribution to grain yield under <italic>boro</italic> season. The result revealed that grain yield per plant had significant positive correlation with biological yield (0.927**, 0.766**), harvest index (0.748**, 0.658**), days to first flowering (0.459*, 0.377*), panicle length (0.501**, 0.445*), grains per panicle (0.576**, 0.484**) and 1000 grain weight (0.573**, 0.460*) at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Path coefficient analyses at both genotypic and phenotypic levels revealed high positive direct effect of biological yield (0.7181) and harvest index (0.6382) on grain yield per plant. Thus direct selection for grain yield per plant and indirect selection through these characters would be effective to improve yield in <italic>boro</italic> rice.

Estimate of genetic parameters and correlation coefficient analysis for yield and its traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
Ravi Kumar ◽  
Anant Kumar ◽  
Joginder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and correlation coefficients were studied in 104 genotypes of wheat genotypes for yield and yield contributing traits. Both GCV and PCV were found to be moderate for flag leaf area, biological yield per plant, grain yield per plant and ash content. The days to ear emergence, days to maturity, plant height, harvest index and 1000-grain weight low GCV and PCV values were observed. Number of productive tillers per plant and spike length recorded moderate value of PCV and low value of GCV. High estimate of heritability in narrow sense was recorded for number of productive tillers per plant, biological yield per plant, harvest index and grain yield per plant, while it was moderate for days to ear emergence, days to maturity, plant height, flag leaf area, spike length, grains per spike and low heritability were recorded for 1000-grain weight. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance in per cent of mean was recorded for biological yield per plant and grain yield per plant. Grain yield per plant exhibited highly significant and positive association with 1000-grain weight, harvest index, biological yield per plant, grains per spike, number of productive tillers per plant and days to maturity.

scholarly journals Genetic analysis of grain yield and its contributing traits for their implications in improvement of bread wheat cultivars

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 350-357
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Gyanendra Singh ◽  
Sarvan Kumar ◽  
Anuj Kumar ◽  
Ashish Ojha
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Peduncle Length

Genetic analysis was carried out in 55 genotypes (10 parents and 45 F1s) through diallel mating design excluding reciprocals in bread wheat. Analysis of variance showed appreciable variability among the breeding material for almost all the traits under study. The highest value of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) was found for flag leaf area (PCV=18.82, GCV=17.74), biological yield (PCV=12.98, GCV=11.70), grain yield (PCV=11.90, GCV=10.39) and harvest index (PCV=10.39, GCV=10.05). Highest heritability with highest genetic advance was estimated for flag leaf area (h2=52.24, GA=34.64), biological yield (h2=15.04, GA=21.71), harvest index (h2=18.19, GA=20.01), peduncle length (h2=31.72, GA=15.96) and spikelets per spike (h2=34.92, GA=12.96), therefore selection will be effective based on these traits. Grain yield was found significantly correlated (at <1% level of significance) with productive tillers (gr=0.3283**, pr=0.4347**), spike length (gr=0.1959**, pr=0.2203**), spikelets per spike (gr=0.4342**, pr=0.3813**), grains per spike (gr=0.7188**, pr=0.4918**), biological yield (gr=0.6101**, pr=0.6616**), harvest index (gr=0.3518**, pr=0.3227**) and thousand grain weight (gr=0.5232**, pr=0.3673**). Similarly path coefficient analysis estimates for biological yield (g=1.0524, p=1.0554), harvesting index (g=0.8862, p=0.8291), thousand grain weight (g=0.0588, p=0.0269), grains per spike (g=0.0496, p=0.0074), spike length (g=0.0209, p=0.0289), days to maturity (g=0.0142, p=0.0127), productive tillers (g=0.0186, p=0.0147), peduncle length (g=0.0123, p=0.0157), days to 50% flowering (g=0.0093, p=0.0072) and plant height (g=0.0042, p=0.0020) showed high positive direct effects on grain yield indicating that due importance should be given to these traits during selection for high yield.

scholarly journals Estimates of genetic components and regression analysis for grain yield and various morphological traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Vichitra Kumar Arya ◽  
Ravi Kumar ◽  
S. A. Kerkhi
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Peduncle Length

The present study was conducted to estimate the gentic components and regression analysis for grain yield and various morphological traits in bread wheat involving 10 parents and their 45 F1s (half diallel) during 2012- 13 and 2013-14. Significant additive (D) and dominance (H1) variance for the traits indicated that expression of these traits is control by both additive and dominance gene action. Average degree of dominance (H1/D)1/2 were more than unity for the traits (peduncle length, flag leaf area, productive tillers, biological yield, grain yield, harvest index) indicating the preponderance of over dominance gene action. The estimates of h2 were positive and significant for days to ear emergence, peduncle length, productive tillers, biological yield and grain yield indicated dominance of genetic components in F1s. Positive and significant values of F were estimated for days to ear emergence, days to 50% flowering, spike length, flag leaf area and grain yield in F1s indicating the preponderance of dominance and positive genes in the parents involved. The theoretical value (0.25) of (H2/4H1) for all the traits indicated asymmetrical distribution of positive and negative genes. The proportion of dominant and recessive alleles indicated presence of dominant alleles in the parents. The traits showing more than 30% narrow sanse heritability could be rewarding for further improvement in grain yield in bread wheat. Regression analysis indicated that the traits (days to ear emergence, days to 50% flowering, peduncle length, flag leaf area, productive tillers, harvest index, biological yield and grain yield) control by over dominance type of gene action. The parent RAJ 4246 contained maximum dominant genes for days to ear emergence and days to 50% flowering; HD 2733 for spike length and flag leaf area and HD 2824 for productive tillers, biological yield and grain yield used as donors in multiple traits breeding programme to develop high yielding wheat genotypes.

scholarly journals Study of genetic and phenotype correlations and heritability for twelve varieties of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) planting under different environmental of Basrah

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-20
Author(s):  
M. A. K. AL-Abody ◽  
W.A.J. Al-Sebahi ◽  
S.A.M. AL- Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Phenotypic Variations

"A field experiment was carried out during the winter seasons (2016-2017& 2017-2018) in three locations in Basrah Governorate: AL-Daire, the Qurna site and the location of the ALMadina (Marsh areas), to analysis of genetic stability of wheat cultivars and identify the high stability of grain yield. The experiment included twelve cultivars of wheat (Abu Graib-3, Fatih, Rasheed, Furat, Latifih, Tammoz-2, Baraka, IPA -95 and IBA -99, Bhooth-10, Bhooth22 and Bhooth-158). Grain yield showed a positive and highly significant genetic correlation with the characteristics of flag leaf area, the spike length, the tillernumber, the spike efficiency, the number of spike, and number of seed per spike of 0.498, 0.523, 0.698, 0.598, 0.702 and 0.693 respectively. The grain yield showed a positive and highly significant phenotypic correlation with the characteristics flag leaf area, the length of the spike, the number of tillers, spike fficiency, the number of spike and the number of spike grains of 0.506, 0.579, 0.786, 0.671, 0.801 and 0.763 respectively. The genetic environmental and phenotypic variations of cereal yield varied from 0.295, 0.064 and 0.359 respectively. The highest percentage of the heritability in the broad sense reached 94.572% in the number of days from planting up to 50% of spikes, while the harvest index registered the lowest the percentage reached 39.401%, and the grain yield gavin percentage of 82.172%."

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ETHEPHON CONCENTRATION AT DIFFERENT GROWTH STAGES ON YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS OF WHEAT

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Al-Naqeeb & Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Abu Ghraib ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Different Growth Stages

An experiments were carried out at the field of Crops Dept., Coll. of Agric., Univ. of Baghdad, Abu Ghraib during 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 seasons to study effect of foliar stages and concentrations of ethephon on some growth traits and the yield of wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) Abu Ghraib-3 var. A split plot arrangement according to RCBD was used with four replications. The main plots were spray ethephon with four stages according to Zadok's scale which is: one leaf throught the sheath (ZGS10), three leaves unfolded stage (ZGS13), elongation stage (ZGS30) and flag leaf ligue visible (ZGS39), and the sub-plots was ethephon spray with three concentrations (0.400, 0.600 and 0.800) Kg.ha-1 in addition to control treatment. The results showed that ZGS13 gave lowest mean for height plant (90.47 and 92.80) cm, while ZGS30 was superior in number of tillers (493.61 and 535.35) tiller.m-2, percentage of tillers carried of spike (78.83 and 81.21, number of spikes (389.64 and 636.80) spike.m-2, grain yield (4.07 and 4.32) ton.ha-1, biological yield (11.29 and 11.59)ton.ha-1 and harvest index (36.03 and 37.26)% for both seasons, respectively. Also, the results showed that 0.800 Kg.ha-1 produced lowest means for height plant (77.91 and 86.25) cm and lodging index (3.65 and 2.75), and this treatment (0.800 mg.L-1) gave highest means for number of tillers (499.22 and 540.99) tiller.m-2, percentage of tillers carried of spike (78.88 and 78.15)%, number of spikes (393.84 and 423.91) spike.m-2, grain yield (4.14 and 4.12) ton.ha-1, biological yield (11.47 and 11.70)ton.ha-1 and harvest index (36.11 and 37.62)% for both seasons, respectively. The interaction between ZGS30 and 0.400 Kg.ha-1ethephon gave highest percentage of tillers carried of spike (80.96%) in the first season only.     

scholarly journals Evaluation of F4 Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum l.) Genotypes for Genetic Variability, Heritability, Genetic Advance and Correlation Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-07 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Sohail ◽  
Hidayatur Rahman ◽  
Farhat Ullah ◽  
Syed M.A. Shah ◽  
Tanvir Burni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

This research was carried out to check genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance in 11 F4 bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes (10 F4 lines and one check) in a randomized block design with three replications at the University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan during 2015-16. Data was/were taken on parameters such as days to heading (days), plant height (cm), flag leaf area (cm2), spike length (cm), grain weight spike-1 (g), 1000-grain weight (g), grain yield plant-1 (g), biological yield plant-1 (g)and harvest index (%). The statistically significant difference(s) was/were detected for the investigated traits.  The high magnitude of heritability (˃0.62) was noted for all parameters except spike length (0.57) which was moderate. Low expected genetic advance was recorded for days to heading (3.90%) and spike length (8.13%), moderate expected genetic advance was observed for plant height (9.95%), grain weight spike-1 (11.54%) and 1000 grain weight (13.41%), while high expected genetic advance was noted for flag leaf area (24.72%), grain yield plant-1 (20.45%), biological yield plant-1 (23.64%) and harvest index (24%). Grain yield plant-1 was non-significantly and positively correlated with days to heading (rG = 0.19NS and rP = 0.07 NS),  plant height (rG = 0.30 NS and rP = 0.26 NS), flag leaf area (rG = 0.25 NS and rP = 0.18 NS), spike length (rG = 0.01 NS and rP = 0.07 NS), grain weight spike-1 (rG = 0.28 NS and rP = 0.22 NS) and 1000-grain weight (rG = 0.02 NS and rP = 0.07 NS) at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. While significantly and positively correlated with biological yield plant-1 (rG = 0.34* and rP = 0.33*) and harvest index (rG = 0.58** and rP = 0.66**) at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. High heritability showed that these traits are under genetic control and single plant selection could be started in F5 generation. The strong correlation of grain yield plant-1 with the mentioned traits showed that grain yield could be indirectly improved by improving these traits.

scholarly journals Estimation of genetic parameters of yield and yield traits in wheat genotypes under rainfed conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Khan ◽  
Fida Mohammad ◽  
Fahim Ullah Khan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Development of superior crop varieties is the prime objectives of all plant breeding programs. To determine genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance, 24 elite bread wheat lines were planted in randomized complete block design with three replications at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar under rainfed conditions. Data were recorded on days to heading, days to maturity, plant height (cm), flag leaf area (cm-2), spike length (cm), grain yield (kg ha-1), biological yield (kg ha-1), 1000 grain weight (g), grains spike-1, grain weight spike-1(g), and harvest index (%). Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes for all the traits studied. Broad sense heritability was high for days to heading (0.89), grain weight spike-1(0.61g), spike length (0.70 cm), 1000-grain weight (0.62g), grain yield (0.78 kg ha-1) and harvest index (0.62%); and was moderate for days to maturity (0.52), plant height (0.38 cm), and grains spike-1 (0.49), while low heritability was estimated for spike weight (0.25g), flag leaf area (0.28 cm-2) and biological yield (0.25 kg ha-1). The values of genetic advance for days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, spike length, grains spike-1, grain weight spike-1, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, biological yield, flag leaf area, and harvest index were; 5.47, 1.88, 4.01, 6.42, 0.16, 5.02, 0.71, 418.83, 379.64, 2.89 and 3.92, respectively. Genotype PR 105 surpassed all other genotypes in grain yield (3144.33 kg ha-1) and hence it can be recommended for rainfed area. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i2.12637 International Journal of Environment Vol.4(2) 2015: 193-205

scholarly journals MANAGING YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTES OF TRITICALE IN A DEFICIT IRRIGATION SYSTEM WITH METHANOL FOLIAR APPLICATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 185 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-110
Author(s):  
Mehdi KHOSHKHARAM ◽  
Mohamad Hesam SHAHRAJABIAN
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
Crop Water Requirement ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Biological Yield

Triticale is mainly grown for feed grain and biomass production for thatching straw and general human use. A combined analysis with a factorial layout in the two years of 2016 and 2017 with five replications was used to evaluate the yield and yield components of triticale under different methanol concentrations and irrigation managements in Isfahan, Iran. Irrigation treatments consisted of irrigation on the basis of 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% crop water requirements, and methanol treatments as foliar application on the basis of 15% methanol concentration, 30% methanol concentration and control treatment (0%). Methanol application influence on one hundred grain weight was significant. The maximum plant height, number of tillers, Leaf area index (LAI), leaf area duration (LAD), one hundred grain weight, grain yield, biological yield, harvest index and protein content were achieved in irrigation on the basis of 100% crop water requirement. The maximum plant height, number of tillers, LAI, LAD, one hundred grain weight, grain yield, biological yield, harvest index and protein were obtained in 2017. Foliar methanol application with 15% concentration obtained the maximum plant height, LAI, LAD, one hundred grain weight, biological yield, soil plant analytical development (SPAD) and protein percentage. The results of this experiment suggest that methanol can aid in alleviating the effects of drought stress on triticale in the climatic condition of Isfahan. It is concluded that triticale cultivars performed better in 2017, with 15% concentration of methanol application and irrigation on the basis of 100% crop water requirement.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF POTASH FERTILIZATION AND FOLIAR APPLICATION OF IRON AND ZINC ON GROWTH TRAITS OF TWO GENOTYPES OF MUNG BEAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdalgafor & Al-Jumaily
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Foliar Nutrition ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Number Of Branches

A field experiment was conducted in Ehssayvillage-Amria-Fallujah district in Al-Anbar governorate during the spring season of 2012 and 2013 in order to study the effect of potassium fertilizer and foliar nutrition of iron and zinc in growth traits of two mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) genotypes. Factorial arrangement was used in RCBD with three replicates.The experiment included three levels of potassium (0, 60 and 120) kg K.ha-1, four treatments of foliar application of zinc and iron  (0, Fe150, Zn100 and Fe150 + Zn100) mg.L-1 and two mung bean genotype (Local and indian VC6089A10) .The local genotype gave the highest rate of number of leaves per plant(38.26 and27.73) leaf.plant-1, leaf area(18.62 and18.57) dm2.plant-1 and biological yield( 2.62 and  2.21) t.ha-1 for the two seasons respectively , while the indian genotype gave the highest rate of plant height (50.34 and 52.20) cm and also gave the lowest number of days from planting to maturity of pods for both seasons respectively. The level 60 kg K.ha-1 record the highest rate of plant height, number of leaves per plant , leaf area(16.57and16.05) dm2.plant-1 and biological yield(2.89and (2.17t.ha-1 for the two seasons respectively, while level 120 kg K.ha-1 gave the highest rate of the number of branches per plants(6.7and 4.86) branches.plant-1 and also gave the lowest number of days from planting to maturity of pods for both seasons respectively . So the concentration (Fe150 + Zn100) mg.L-1 from the foliar nutrition of iron and zinc gave highest rate of plant height(48.38)cm, number of branches per plants (6.47) branches.plant-1  and leaf area(14.91) dm2.plant-1 for the first seasons only . The interaction between local genotype with 60 kg K.ha-1gave the heighest rate of number of leaves per plant and leaf area(22.57  and 21.34) dm2.plant-1  for two seasons respectively .So the interaction between local genotype and concentration (Fe150+Zn100) mg.l-1 gave the highest rate of leaf area for the first seasons only. The interaction between the level 60 kg K.ha-1 of potassium and the concentration  Fe150  mg.l-1 from the foliar nutrition of iron showed significant superiority in leaf area (18.97 and 19.30) dm2.plant-1 for both seasons respectively.So the triple interaction between local genotype with level 60 kg K.ha-1 of potassium and concentration (Fe 150+  Zn 100)mg.l-1 from foliar nutrition of iron and  zinc (V1K1F3) was significant effect in number of leaves per plant and leaf area for both seasons.

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