Behaviour of an Integrated EV Based on Renewable Energy Linked to the Distribution Grid: An Educational Tool

This paper presents a smartphone application game that aims to increase the awareness of preschoolers on renewable energy. The age of the selected preschoolers is in the range of 4-6 years. The game is called DAYSAM, and it aims to increase awareness regarding photovoltaic arrays, wind turbines, mini-hydropower stations, energy efficiency, and risks that polar bears are facing. The game provides two superior features compared to other available games in Arabic language, targeting the same age group. Preschoolers from An-Najah Child Institute are selected to play this game to investigate the impact of this game. The preschoolers’ awareness is tested before and after playing the game using coloring sheets in an unsupervised coloring process. The results show that the proposed game has increased preschooler’s awareness of renewable energy. Before playing the game, none of the preschoolers recognized images like the photovoltaic array or the wind turbine. After playing the game the preschoolers recognized these devices in different situations and shapes. This indicates that such a game can be used as a fun and educational tool in nurseries that have Arabic communication medium to increase awareness of renewable energy.

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Different Scenarios for the National Transmission Grid, Considering the Extensive Use of On-Site Renewable Energy in the Mexican Housing Sector

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14010195 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 195

Author(s):

Ivan Oropeza-Perez ◽

Astrid H Petzold-Rodriguez

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Electricity Generation ◽

Housing Sector ◽

Distribution Grid ◽

Smart Meters ◽

Long Distance ◽

Distribution Method ◽

Transmission Grid ◽

Production And Consumption ◽

Transmission And Distribution

The Mexican national electricity transmission and distribution grid (SEN, initials in Spanish) is characterized by the high interconnection between its several electricity generation plants and the millions of final consumers throughout the country. This feature, which is seen first as an adequate transmission and distribution method for electricity between producer and consumer, has the inconvenience of being highly complex when renewable energy is introduced into the SEN. The random nature of renewable energy means that coordination between the producer and consumer is difficult; therefore, these energy sources are considered by the Mexican Federal Commission of Electricity (CFE, initials in Spanish) without priority in their generation and distribution. In this document, a solution for this is given by the consideration of on-site photovoltaic production in the Mexican residential sector, setting a straightforward relationship between production and consumption, neglecting the long-distance transmission, and freeing the transmission and distribution through the SEN at certain hours of the day. Different scenarios are studied, considering the level of penetration of this renewable energy technology into the housing sector. In this way, it is found that, if 80% of the total Mexican dwellings hold a photovoltaic roof, in some seasons of the year, a large part the total national demand can be fulfilled by the photovoltaic generation if certain systems—such as bidirectional smart meters—are applied. In this sense, the results show that, if 80% of the Mexican dwellings had a photovoltaic roof, there would be a money saving of 3418 Million USD and a mitigation of 25 million tons CO2e, for 2018. With this, it is concluded that renewable energy in Mexico could provide a much greater share if the electricity is produced in the same place where it will be consumed. This might be possible in Mexico due to the high interconnection of the transmission and distribution grid, which would manage the surplus electricity generation in the dwellings in a proper manner.

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Progresses in Analytical Design of Distribution Grids and Energy Storage

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14144270 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (14) ◽

pp. 4270

Author(s):

Gianpiero Colangelo ◽

Gianluigi Spirto ◽

Marco Milanese ◽

Arturo de Risi

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Power Flow ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Distribution Grid ◽

Mathematical Methods ◽

Power Generators ◽

Bidirectional Power Flow ◽

Distribution Grids

In the last years, a change in the power generation paradigm has been promoted by the increasing use of renewable energy sources combined with the need to reduce CO2 emissions. Small and distributed power generators are preferred to the classical centralized and sizeable ones. Accordingly, this fact led to a new way to think and design distributions grids. One of the challenges is to handle bidirectional power flow at the distribution substations transformer from and to the national transportation grid. The aim of this paper is to review and analyze the different mathematical methods to design the architecture of a distribution grid and the state of the art of the technologies used to produce and eventually store or convert, in different energy carriers, electricity produced by renewable energy sources, coping with the aleatory of these sources.

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Modeling the dynamics of a DC distribution grid integrated of renewable energy sources

IECON 2014 - 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society ◽

10.1109/iecon.2014.7049350 ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mai Tuan Dat ◽

Giel Van den Broeck ◽

Johan Driesen

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Distribution Grid ◽

Dc Distribution

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Solar House as an Educational Tool for the Newly Established Renewable Energy Engineering Program

ASME 2013 7th International Conference on Energy Sustainability ◽

10.1115/es2013-18264 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Xingwu Wang ◽

Jianxin Tang ◽

Wallace Leigh

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Energy Harvesting ◽

Solar Energy ◽

Systems Engineering ◽

Educational Tool ◽

Solar Systems ◽

Engineering Program ◽

Solar Energy Harvesting ◽

Solar House ◽

Energy Engineering

This paper introduces the newly established renewable energy engineering program at Alfred University (AU) and a solar house project used as an educational tool for this program. Topics include solar energy harvesting and adaptation of solar systems, engineering calculations/simulation, and global collaboration and marketing.

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Ancillary Services Offered by Distributed Renewable Energy Sources at the Distribution Grid Level: An Attempt at Proper Definition and Quantification

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10207106 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (20) ◽

pp. 7106

Author(s):

Charis S. Demoulias ◽

Kyriaki-Nefeli D. Malamaki ◽

Spyros Gkavanoudis ◽

Juan Manuel Mauricio ◽

Georgios C. Kryonidis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Power Plants ◽

Business Models ◽

Reactive Power ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Voltage Regulation ◽

Ancillary Services ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Distribution Grid ◽

Support Functions

The gradual displacement of synchronous generators driven by conventional power plants, due to the increasing penetration of distributed renewable energy sources (DRES) in distribution grids, is creating a shortage of crucial ancillary services (AS) which are vital for the frequency and voltage stability of the grid. These AS, and some new ones, could now be offered by the DRES, particularly those that are converter interfaced, in a coordinated way in order to preserve the grid stability and resilience. Although recent standards and grid codes specify that the DRES exhibit some system support functions, there are no specifications on how to measure and quantify (M & Q) them both at DRES level and in aggregated form. The M & Q of AS is crucial, since it would allow the AS to be treated as tradable AS in the current and future AS markets. This paper attempts to define a number of AS that can be offered by converter-interfaced DRES and suggests methods for their M & Q. The new AS addressed are: (1) inertial response; (2) primary frequency response; (3) active power smoothing (ramp-rate limitation); (4) exchange of reactive power for voltage regulation; (5) fault-ride-through (FRT) and contribution to fault clearing; (6) voltage harmonic mitigation. Additionally, a rough estimation of the additional investment and operational cost, as well as the financial benefits associated with each AS is provided in order to form the basis for the development of business models around each AS in the near future.

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