Modeling the kinetics of essential oil hydrodistillation from Vietnamese ginger (Zingiber officinale)

The compounds in Ginger (Zingiber officinale-Roscoe) essential oil provenience China and wild oregano (Origanum vulgare) essential oil of Romanian origin were identified by GC/MS and their antioxidant and antifungal properties were evaluated. Wild oregano oil was characterized by high content of oxygenated monoterpenes hydrocarbons (84.05%) of which carvacrol was the most abundant (73.85%) followed by b-linalool (3.46%) and thymol (2.29%). Ginger oil had a higher content of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons including zingiberene (31.47%), b-sesquiphellandrene (13.76%), a-curcumene (10.41%), a-farnesene (8.31%) and b-bisabolene (7.55%) but a lower content of oxygenated monoterpenes (7.97%). The high content of oxygenated monoterpens of wild oregano oil is in accordance with total content of polyphenols determined by the Folin�Ciocalteu method (6.71�0.73 mg of gallic acid equivalent per g oil). Ginger oil had only 1.34�0.22 mg gallic acid equivalent per g oil. Wild oregano oils exhibited appreciable in vitro antioxidant activity as assessed by 2, 2`-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and 2,2�-azino-bis (3 ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS). The sample concentration required to scavenge 50% of the DPPH free radicals was 0.76�0.13 mg/mL for wild oregano oil compared to 20.22�2.12 mg/mL for ginger oil. Also, wild oregano oils showed significant inhibitory activity against selected pathogenic fungi (Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium expansum). 1�L of oregano oil is sufficient for almost 75% growth inhibition of Aspergillus flavus compared to ginger oil which shows antifungal activity at 240�L for 78% growth inhibition. It can be concluded that wild oregano oil could be used as food preservative in some food products in which Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium expansum could grow and have potential to produce health hazards mycotoxines.

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6-shogaol suppresses oxidative damage in L6 muscle cells

Applied Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1186/s13765-020-00544-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jinyoung Hur ◽

Yeonmi Lee ◽

Chang Jun Lee ◽

Ho-Young Park ◽

Sang Yoon Choi

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Zingiber Officinale ◽

Muscle Cells ◽

Skeletal Muscle Cell ◽

Intracellular Ros ◽

Zingiber Officinale Roscoe ◽

Mrna And Protein Expression ◽

L6 Muscle Cells

Abstract Ginger (Zingiber Officinale Roscoe) has been known reduce muscle pain after exercise, and 6-shogaol {(E)-1-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)dec-4-en-3-one)} is the major essential oil contained in ginger. In this study, the protective effect of 6-shogaol on L6 muscle cells against oxidative damage was measured. 6-shagol inhibited the damage of L6 cell induced by H2O2, and allowed the increase in mRNA and protein expression levels of intracellular HO-1 and NRF2. 6-shogaol also reduced the production of intracellular ROS. These results suggested that 6-shagol effectively inhibits oxidative damage of skeletal muscle cell.

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Effect of Na- and Organo-Modified Montmorillonite/Essential Oil Nanohybrids on the Kinetics of the In Situ Radical Polymerization of Styrene

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11020474 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 474

Author(s):

Ioannis S. Tsagkalias ◽

Alexandra Loukidi ◽

Stella Chatzimichailidou ◽

Constantinos E. Salmas ◽

Aris E. Giannakas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Radical Polymerization ◽

Food Packaging ◽

In Situ Polymerization ◽

Average Molecular Weight ◽

Monomer Conversion ◽

Hydroxyl Groups ◽

Modified Montmorillonite ◽

Kinetics Of

The great concern about the use of hazardous additives in food packaging materials has shown the way to new bio-based materials, such as nanoclays incorporating bioactive essential oils (EO). One of the still unresolved issues is the proper incorporation of these materials into a polymeric matrix. The in situ polymerization seems to be a promising technique, not requiring high temperatures or toxic solvents. Therefore, in this study, the bulk radical polymerization of styrene was investigated in the presence of sodium montmorillonite (NaMMT) and organo-modified montmorillonite (orgMMT) including thyme (TO), oregano (OO), and basil (BO) essential oil. It was found that the hydroxyl groups present in the main ingredients of TO and OO may participate in side retardation reactions leading to lower polymerization rates (measured gravimetrically by the variation of monomer conversion with time) accompanied by higher polymer average molecular weight (measured via GPC). The use of BO did not seem to affect significantly the polymerization kinetics and polymer MWD. These results were verified from independent experiments using model compounds, thymol, carvacrol and estragol instead of the clays. Partially intercalated structures were revealed from XRD scans. The glass transition temperature (from DSC) and the thermal stability (from TGA) of the nanocomposites formed were slightly increased from 95 to 98 °C and from 435 to 445 °C, respectively. Finally, better dispersion was observed when orgMMT was added instead of NaMMT.

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Investigation of cultivated lavender (Lavandula officinalis L.) extraction and its extracts

Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly ◽

10.2298/ciceq120715103n ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 71-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Vesna Nadjalin ◽

Zika Lepojevic ◽

Mihailo Ristic ◽

Jelena Vladic ◽

Branislava Nikolovski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Flame Ionisation Detector ◽

Main Components ◽

Lavandula Officinalis ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Kinetics Of ◽

Flame Ionisation ◽

Ionisation Detector

In this study essential oil content was determined in lavender flowers and leaves by hydrodistillation. Physical and chemical characteristics of the isolated oils were determined. By using CO2 in supercritical state the extraction of lavender flowers was performed with a selected solvent flow under isothermal and isobaric conditions. By the usage of gas chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and gas chromatography with flame ionisation detector (GC/FID) the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the obtained essential oil and supercritical extracts (SFE) was carried out. Also, the analysis of individual SFE extracts obtained during different extraction times was performed. It turned out that the main components of the analysed samples were linalool, linalool acetate, lavandulol, caryophyllene oxide, lavandulyl acetate, terpinen-4-ol and others. Two proposed models were used for modelling the extraction system lavender flower - supercritical CO2 on the basis of experimental results obtained by examining the extraction kinetics of this system. The applied models fitted well with the experimental results.

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