Evaluating the Adequacy of Emoji Use in Positive and Negative Messages from Close and Distant Senders

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo P. Cavalheiro ◽  
Marília Prada ◽  
David L. Rodrigues ◽  
Diniz Lopes ◽  
Margarida V. Garrido
Keyword(s):  
Negative Messages

Taking Aim at Attack Advertising

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Fridkin ◽  
Patrick Kenney
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Empirical Validation ◽  
Negative Campaigning ◽  
Senate Elections ◽  
Campaign Messages ◽  
Negative Messages ◽  
The Impact

This book develops and tests the “tolerance and tactics theory of negativity.” The theory argues that citizens differ in their tolerance of negative campaigning. Also, candidates vary in the tactics used to attack their opponents, with negative messages varying in their relevance to voters and in the civility of their tone. The interplay between citizens’ tolerance of negativity and candidates’ negative messages helps clarify when negative campaigning will influence citizens’ evaluations of candidates and their likelihood of voting. A diverse set of data sources was collected from U.S. Senate elections (e.g., survey data, experiments, content analysis, focus groups) across several years to test the theory. The tolerance and tactics theory of negativity receives strong empirical validation. First, people differ systematically in their tolerance for negativity, and their tolerance changes over the course of the campaign. Second, people’s levels of tolerance consistently and powerfully influence how they assess negative messages. Third, the relevance and civility of negative messages consistently influence citizens’ assessments of candidates competing for office. That is, negative messages focusing on relevant topics and utilizing an uncivil tone produce significant changes in people’s impressions of the candidates. Furthermore, people’s tolerance of negativity influences their susceptibility to negative campaigning. Specifically, relevant and uncivil messages are most influential for people who are least tolerant of negative campaigning. The relevance and civility of campaign messages also alter people’s likelihood of voting, and the impact of negative messages on turnout is more consequential for people with less tolerance of negativity.

IMAGINING A BETTER WORLD:

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 353-385
Author(s):  
Lakeyta M. Bonnette-Bailey ◽  
Ray Block ◽  
Harwood K. McClerking
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Hip Hop ◽  
Youth Culture ◽  
Black Youth ◽  
Black Music ◽  
Hip Hop Culture ◽  
Negative Messages ◽  
Mass Level

AbstractDespite a recent increase in research on its sociopolitical implications, many questions regarding rap music’s influence on mass-level participation remain unanswered. We consider the possibility that “imagining a better world” (measured here as the degree to which young African Americans are critical of the music’s negative messages) can correlate with a desire to “build a better world” (operationalized as an individual’s level of political participation). Evidence from the Black Youth Project (BYP)’s Youth Culture Survey (Cohen 2005) demonstrates that rap critique exerts a conditional impact on non-voting forms of activism. Rap critique enhances heavy consumers’ civic engagement, but this relationship does not occur among Blacks who consume the music infrequently. By demonstrating rap’s politicizing power and contradicting certain criticisms of Hip Hop culture, our research celebrates the possibilities of Black youth and Black music.

Nudge me: tailoring text messages for prescription adherence through N-of-1 interviews

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy Waughtal ◽  
Phat Luong ◽  
Lisa Sandy ◽  
Catia Chavez ◽  
P Michael Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Text Message ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Multiple Chronic Conditions ◽  
Medication Refill ◽  
Interactive Text ◽  
Prompt Action ◽  
Negative Messages

Abstract Almost 50% of patients with cardiovascular diseases face challenges in taking medications and increased morbidity and mortality. Text messaging may impact medication refill behavior and can be delivered at scale to patients by texting mobile phones. To obtain feedback from persons with chronic conditions on the design of interactive text messages and determine language of message for making messages that can motivate patients to refill medications on time. We purposively sampled 35 English and Spanish speaking patients with at least one chronic condition from three large healthcare delivery systems to participate in N-of-1 video-based synchronous interviews. Research assistants shared ideas for theory-informed text messages with content intended to persuade patients to refill their medication. We transcribed recorded interviews and conducted a content analysis to identify strategies to employ generating a dynamic interactive text message library intended to increase medication refill. Those interviewed were of diverse age and race/ethnicity and typical of persons with multiple chronic conditions. Several participants emphasized that personally tailored and positively framed messages would be more persuasive than generic and/or negative messages. Some patients appreciated humor and messages that could evoke a sense of social support from their providers and rejected the use of emojis. Messages to remind patients to refill medications may facilitate improvements in adherence, which in turn can improve chronic care. Designing messages that are persuasive and can prompt action is feasible and should be considered given the ease with which such messages can be delivered automatically at scale.

Towards a Mentoring Model That Enhances Academic, Social, and Cultural Capital in Turbulent Times

2021 ◽  
pp. 159-174
Author(s):  
M. Williams ◽  
C. Green
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Cultural Capital ◽  
At Risk Students ◽  
Social And Cultural Capital ◽  
Turbulent Times ◽  
Current Events ◽  
Identity Crises ◽  
Negative Messages ◽  
Mentoring Model ◽  
Academically At Risk

Academically at-risk students may doubt their ability to persist and succeed because of some or all of the following: socioeconomics, low self-esteem, identity crises, negative family histories, socio-emotional concerns, poor living situations, or negative messages about school and education. Currently, the aforementioned issues are further compounded by turbulent times, which include but are not limited to a pandemic that disproportionately affects people of color and the impoverished, along with continued civil unrest and demands for rapid societal change. Therefore, this population would benefit from the enhancement of its academic, social, and cultural capital. In order to accomplish those goals simultaneously, the authors propose a mentoring model that integrates aspects of advising, tutoring, mentoring, peer-to-peer interaction, metacognition, positive psychology, current events, and emotional wellness to support academically at-risk students in their pursuit of academic and personal excellence.

scholarly journals Elite Communication and the Popular Legitimacy of International Organizations

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Dellmuth ◽  
Jonas Tallberg
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Elite Communication ◽  
Citizen Perceptions ◽  
Negative Messages ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Population Based Survey

Abstract This article offers the first systematic and comparative analysis of the effects of elite communication on citizen perceptions of the legitimacy of international organizations (IOs). Departing from cueing theory, it develops novel hypotheses about the effects of elite communication under the specific conditions of global governance. It tests these hypotheses by conducting a population-based survey experiment among almost 10,000 residents of three countries in relation to five IOs. The evidence suggests four principal findings. First, communication by national governments and civil society organizations has stronger effects on legitimacy perceptions than communication by IOs themselves. Secondly, elite communication affects legitimacy perceptions irrespective of whether it invokes IOs’ procedures or performance as grounds for criticism or endorsement. Thirdly, negative messages are more effective than positive messages in shaping citizens' legitimacy perceptions. Fourthly, comparing across IOs indicates that elite communication is more often effective in relation to the IMF, NAFTA and WTO, than the EU and UN.

How Online Consumer Reviews Influence Purchase Intention in Virtual Communities?

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-50
Author(s):  
Yi-Fen Chen ◽  
Chia-Wen Tsai ◽  
Shih-Mei Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Product Reviews ◽  
Product Price ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Consumer Purchase Intention ◽  
Negative Messages

With the growing availability and popularity of Web-based opinion platforms, online product reviews are now an emerging market phenomenon that is playing an important role in consumer purchasing decisions. This study investigates the influence of electronic Word-of-Mouth (eWOM) on purchase intention in the virtual community. The authors conducted a 2x2x2x2 online experiment involving 261 subjects. The experiment results demonstrate that message number and positive messages in the virtual community can influence consumer purchase intention. Product price and the involvement moderate the effects of eWOM on purchase intention. However, negative messages are negatively related to purchase intentions. This finding offers potential for finding better ways for sellers or managers in a virtual community. Finally, the conclusion presents implications, limitations, and directions for future research.

Therapist Materials for Countering Avoidant Behaviors

2021 ◽  
pp. 195-208
Author(s):  
Heather Thompson-Brenner ◽  
Melanie Smith ◽  
Gayle Brooks ◽  
Rebecca Berman ◽  
Angela Kaloudis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Avoidance ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Behavioral Avoidance ◽  
The Future ◽  
Negative Messages ◽  
Intensity Of Emotion ◽  
Safety Signals ◽  
Avoidant Behavior

The session in this chapter looks at how suppression of thoughts and emotions can be counterproductive. Suppression or attempted avoidance may control things somewhat in the short term but rarely works in the long term, and it increases intensity of emotion when a similar situation is encountered in the future. Subtle behavioral avoidance, cognitive avoidance, and safety signals are introduced, and clients are asked to provide their own examples. Habitual avoidance of emotion creates negative messages about our capabilities and robs us of the chance to learn that the emotion is tolerable and will pass on its own without our efforts to avoid or escape. In this countering avoidant behavior session, clients are taught how to do the opposite of avoidance by developing a willingness to lean into emotions, or approach them, and thereby learn new lessons about emotion, situations, and themselves.

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