Anti-Allergic Effects of the Subcritical Water Extract Powder of Citrus unshiu in Mouse and Guinea Pig Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-540
Author(s):  
Hisae Oku ◽  
Fumika Kitagawa ◽  
Yoshihisa Kato ◽  
Tomoya Miyashita ◽  
Masaomi Hara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Subcritical Water ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Citrus Unshiu

scholarly journals Organic Acid-Catalyzed Subcritical Water Hydrolysis of Immature Citrus unshiu Pomace

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Sang-Bin Lim
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Subcritical Water ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Citrus Unshiu ◽  
Citric Acid Concentration ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Immature Citrus unshiu pomace (ICUP) was hydrolyzed under organic acid-catalyzed, subcritical water (SW) conditions to produce flavonoid monoglucosides (hesperetin-7-O-glycoside and prunin) and aglycons (hesperetin and naringenin) with high biological activities. The results of single-factor experiments showed that with 8 h of hydrolysis and an increasing citric acid concentration, the yield of flavonoid monoglucosides (hesperetin-7-O-glycoside and prunin) increased from 0 to 7% citric acid. Afterward, the hesperetin-7-O-glycoside yield remained constant (from 7 to 19% citric acid) while the pruning yield decreased with 19% of citric acid, whereas the aglycon yield increased continuously. In response surface methodology analysis, a citric acid concentration and hydrolysis duration of 13.34% and 7.94 h were predicted to produce the highest monoglucoside yield of 15.41 mg/g, while 18.48% citric acid and a 9.65 h hydrolysis duration produced the highest aglycon yield of 10.00 mg/g. The inhibitory activities of the SW hydrolysates against pancreatic lipase (PL) and xanthine oxidase (XO) were greatly affected by citric acid concentration and hydrolysis duration, respectively. PL and α-glucosidase inhibition rates of 88.2% and 62.7%, respectively, were achieved with 18.48% citric acid and an 8 h hydrolysis duration, compared to 72.8% for XO with 16% citric acid and 12 h of hydrolysis. This study confirms the potential of citric acid-catalyzed SW hydrolysis of ICUP for producing flavonoid monoglucosides and aglycons with enhanced enzyme inhibitory activities.

Recovery of narirutin by adsorption on a non-ionic polar resin from a water-extract of Citrus unshiu peels

2007 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi-Ryung Kim ◽  
Won-Chul Kim ◽  
Do-Youn Lee ◽  
Chan-Wha Kim
Keyword(s):  
Water Extract ◽  
Citrus Unshiu

scholarly journals Phytochemical Evaluation of Lythrum Salicaria Extracts and Their Effects on Guinea-Pig Ileum

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tímea Bencsik ◽  
Loránd Barthó ◽  
Viktor Sándor ◽  
Nóra Papp ◽  
Rita Benkó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Lythrum Salicaria ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Guinea Pig Ileum ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Ethanol In Water

n-Hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and 50% ethanol in water extracts prepared from the air-dried flowering parts of Lythrum salicaria L. were tested for in vitro pharmacological properties on Guinea-pig ileum, which is suitable for detecting a whole range of neuronal and smooth muscle effects. UHPLC-MS was used to evaluate polyphenol components of the extracts. In the ileum, the most prominent response (46.4% related to 0.5 μM histamine) of the extracts causing smooth muscle contractions were triggered by the 50% ethanol in water extract in a concentration-dependent manner. Atropine, indomethacin and PPADS plus suramin significantly reduced the contractile response caused by this extract. The strongest inhibition was due to atropine. The results suggest that L. salicaria extracts have a moderate muscarinic receptor agonist effect in Guinea-pig ileum and that prostanoids and purinoceptor mechanisms are involved to some extent. Therefore diluted extracts of L. salicaria p.o. could be used as a mild stimulant of gastrointestinal motility. The 50% ethanol in water extract was rich in polyphenols. n-Hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts failed to contain catechin, caffeic acid, quercetin-3-D-galactoside and rutin, but they all showed spasmogenic effects, and, therefore we do not think that these compounds could be involved in the spasmogenic activity.

scholarly journals Subcritical Water Extracts from Agaricus blazei Murrill's Mycelium Inhibits the Expression of Immune Checkpoint Molecules and Axl receptor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taro Yasuma ◽  
Masaaki Toda ◽  
Hajime Kobori ◽  
Naoto Tada ◽  
Corina D'Alessandro-Gabazza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Fruiting Body ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Subcritical Water ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Agaricus Blazei ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Molecules

Agaricus blazei Murrill or Himematsutake is an edible and medicinal mushroom. Agaricus blazei Murrill's fruiting body extracts have anticancer properties, although the mechanism is unknown. Basic or organic solvents, which are hazardous for human health, are generally used to prepare Agaricus blazei Murrill's extracts. Inhibition of immune checkpoint molecules and Axl receptor is an effective therapy in cancer. This study assessed whether subcritical water extracts of the Agaricus blazei Murrill's fruiting body or mycelium affect the expression of Axl and immune checkpoint molecules in lung cancer cells. We used A549 cells and mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells in the experiments. We prepared subcritical water extracts from the Agaricus blazei Murrill's fruiting body or mycelium. The subcritical water extracts from the Agaricus blazei Murrill's fruiting body or mycelium significantly inhibited the expression of immune checkpoint molecules and Axl compared to saline-treated cells. Also, the hot water extract, subcritical water extract, and the hot water extraction residue subcritical water extract from the Agaricus blazei Murrill's mycelium significantly enhanced the expression of maturation markers in dendritic cells. These observations suggest that the subcritical water extract from Agaricus blazei Murrill's mycelium is a promising therapeutic tool for stimulating the immune response in cancer.

scholarly journals Cinnamon(Cinnamomum japonicum) subcritical water extract suppresses gut damage induced by dextran sodium sulfate in mouse colitis model

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 104775
Author(s):  
Min Seo Kim ◽  
Yong Dae Kim ◽  
Seunghee Kang ◽  
Oran Kwon ◽  
Jae-Ho Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Subcritical Water ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Dextran Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Gut Damage ◽  
Colitis Model
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