A Comparison of Disease Burden Between Twins and Control Pairs in Medicare: Quantification of Heredity's Role in Human Health

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 383-391
Author(s):  
James Sorace ◽  
Michael Rogers ◽  
Michael Millman ◽  
Daniel Rogers ◽  
Kyle Price ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Occurrence, Impact on Agriculture, Human Health, and Management Strategies of Zearalenone in Food and Feed: A Review

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Dipendra Kumar Mahato ◽  
Sheetal Devi ◽  
Shikha Pandhi ◽  
Bharti Sharma ◽  
Kamlesh Kumar Maurya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Fungal Metabolites ◽  
Natural Estrogens ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Feed Safety ◽  
And Control ◽  
Different Sources

Mycotoxins represent an assorted range of secondary fungal metabolites that extensively occur in numerous food and feed ingredients at any stage during pre- and post-harvest conditions. Zearalenone (ZEN), a mycotoxin categorized as a xenoestrogen poses structural similarity with natural estrogens that enables its binding to the estrogen receptors leading to hormonal misbalance and numerous reproductive diseases. ZEN is mainly found in crops belonging to temperate regions, primarily in maize and other cereal crops that form an important part of various food and feed. Because of the significant adverse effects of ZEN on both human and animal, there is an alarming need for effective detection, mitigation, and management strategies to assure food and feed safety and security. The present review tends to provide an updated overview of the different sources, occurrence and biosynthetic mechanisms of ZEN in various food and feed. It also provides insight to its harmful effects on human health and agriculture along with its effective detection, management, and control strategies.

14. Green criminology

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avi Brisman ◽  
Nigel South
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Green Criminology ◽  
Animal Abuse ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Criminological Perspective ◽  
Wildlife Trafficking ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
And Control

Criminology must maintain relevance in a changing world and engage with new challenges. Perhaps pre-eminent among those facing the planet today are threats to the natural environment and, by extension, to human health and rights and to other species. A green criminology has emerged as a (now well established) criminological perspective that addresses a wide range of harms, offences, and crimes related to the environment and environmental victims. This chapter provides a review of green criminological work on climate change, consumption and waste, state-corporate and organized crimes, animal abuse, and wildlife trafficking. It also considers the strengths and weaknesses of current approaches to regulation and control.

scholarly journals Opportunities for Improved Disease Surveillance and Control by Use of Integrated Data on Animal and Human Health

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Houe ◽  
Søren Saxmose Nielsen ◽  
Liza Rosenbaum Nielsen ◽  
Steen Ethelberg ◽  
Kåre Mølbak
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Probiotics: Versatile Bioactive Components in Promoting Human Health

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javad Sharifi-Rad ◽  
Célia F. Rodrigues ◽  
Zorica Stojanović-Radić ◽  
Marina Dimitrijević ◽  
Ana Aleksić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Post Market ◽  
Health Care Applications ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
And Control

The positive impact of probiotic strains on human health has become more evident than ever before. Often delivered through food, dietary products, supplements, and drugs, different legislations for safety and efficacy issues have been prepared. Furthermore, regulatory agencies have addressed various approaches toward these products, whether they authorize claims mentioning a disease’s diagnosis, prevention, or treatment. Due to the diversity of bacteria and yeast strains, strict approaches have been designed to assess for side effects and post-market surveillance. One of the most essential delivery systems of probiotics is within food, due to the great beneficial health effects of this system compared to pharmaceutical products and also due to the increasing importance of food and nutrition. Modern lifestyle or various diseases lead to an imbalance of the intestinal flora. Nonetheless, as the amount of probiotic use needs accurate calculations, different factors should also be taken into consideration. One of the novelties of this review is the presentation of the beneficial effects of the administration of probiotics as a potential adjuvant therapy in COVID-19. Thus, this paper provides an integrative overview of different aspects of probiotics, from human health care applications to safety, quality, and control.

Three Decades of Dengue Surveillance in Five Highly Endemic South East Asian Countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Wartel ◽  
A. Prayitno ◽  
S. R. S. Hadinegoro ◽  
M. R. Capeding ◽  
U. Thisyakorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Burden ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Dengue Prevention ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Integrated Or ◽  
And Control ◽  
Observation Period

We described and quantified epidemiologic trends in dengue disease burden in 5 Asian countries (Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines, and Vietnam) and identified and estimated outbreaks impact over the last 3 decades. Dengue surveillance data from 1980 to 2010 were retrieved from DengueNet and from World Health Organization sources. Trends in incidence, mortality, and case fatality rate (CFR) were systematically analyzed using annual average percent change (AAPC), and the contribution of epidemic years identified over the observation period was quantified. Over the 30-year period, incidence increased in all countries (AAPC 1980-2010: 6.7% in Thailand, 10.4% in Vietnam, 12.0% in Indonesia, 18.1% in Malaysia, 24.4% in Philippines). Mortality also increased in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Philippines (AAPC: 6.8%, 7.0%, and 29.2%, respectively), but slightly decreased in Thailand and Vietnam (AAPC: −1.3% and −2.5%), and CFR decreased in all countries (AAPC: −4.2% to −8.3%). Epidemic years, despite representing less than a third of the observation period, contributed from 1 to 3 times more cases versus nonepidemic years. Implementation of more sensitive surveillance methods over the study period may have contributed to a reporting or ascertainment bias in some countries. Nonetheless, these data support the urgent need for novel, integrated, or otherwise effective dengue prevention and control tools and approaches.

scholarly journals Red Tides

EDIS ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge R. Rey
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Red Tides ◽  
And Control

ENY-851, a 5-page illustrated factsheet by Jorge R. Rey, explains what these “harmful algal blooms” are, what causes them, their impacts on marine ecosystems, human health, and coastal economies, and strategies for mitigation and control. Includes references. Published by UF Entomology and Nematology Department, February 2008.

scholarly journals Estimating the annual burden of tick-borne encephalitis to inform vaccination policy, Slovenia, 2009 to 2013

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Fafangel ◽  
Alessandro Cassini ◽  
Edoardo Colzani ◽  
Irena Klavs ◽  
Marta Grgič Vitek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Burden ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Vaccination Policy ◽  
Resource Setting ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
And Control

With an annual incidence between 8 and 15 per 100,000 population in the period from 2009 to 2013, Slovenia has one of the highest notified incidences of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Europe. TBE vaccination coverage remains at about 7.3%. To inform vaccination policy, we used surveillance data from 2009 to 2013 to calculate the overall and age- and sex-specific mean annual TBE incidence. We estimated disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) with 95% uncertainty intervals (UI), using the Burden of Communicable Diseases in Europe approach from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. The mean annual incidence was 11.6 per 100,000 population, peaking in older age groups (50–74 years: 18.5/100,000) while relatively lower among children (5–14 years: 10.2/100,000). We estimated an overall 10.95 DALYs per 100,000 population per year (95% UI: 10.25-11.65). In contrast to the TBE incidence, the disease burden in children aged 5–14 years was higher than in adults aged 50–74 years: 17.31 (95% UI: 14.58–20.08) and 11.58 (95% UI: 10.25–12.91) DALYs per 100,000 stratum-specific population, respectively. In a limited resource setting where prioritisation of TBE vaccination strategies is required, vaccination programmes targeting children may have a higher impact on disease burden.

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