scholarly journals A Role for the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase 1 in Epithelial Wound Healing

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 3446-3455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maoxian Deng ◽  
Wei-Li Chen ◽  
Atsushi Takatori ◽  
Zhimin Peng ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Epithelial Cell Migration ◽  
Epithelial Wound Healing ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Pai 1 ◽  
Protein Kinase Kinase

The mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) kinase 1 (MEKK1) mediates activin B signals required for eyelid epithelium morphogenesis during mouse fetal development. The present study investigates the role of MEKK1 in epithelial wound healing, another activin-regulated biological process. In a skin wound model, injury markedly stimulates MEKK1 expression and activity, which are in turn required for the expression of genes involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis. MEKK1 ablation or down-regulation by interfering RNA significantly delays skin wound closure and impairs activation of Jun NH2-terminal kinases, induction of plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1, and restoration of cell–cell junctions of the wounded epidermis. Conversely, expression of wild-type MEKK1 accelerates reepithelialization of full-thickness skin and corneal debridement wounds by mechanisms involving epithelial cell migration, a cell function that is partially abolished by neutralizing antibodies for PAI-1 and metalloproteinase III. Our data suggest that MEKK1 transmits wound signals, leading to the transcriptional activation of genes involved in ECM homeostasis, epithelial cell migration, and wound reepithelialization.

IL-6/STAT3/TFF3 signaling regulates human biliary epithelial cell migration and wound healing in vitro

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 3813-3818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gui-xing Jiang ◽  
Xiang-yu Zhong ◽  
Yun-fu Cui ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Sheng Tai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Biliary Epithelial Cell ◽  
Epithelial Cell Migration

CXCL12 activation of CXCR4 regulates mucosal host defense through stimulation of epithelial cell migration and promotion of intestinal barrier integrity

2005 ◽  
Vol 288 (2) ◽  
pp. G316-G326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Smith ◽  
Priscilla A. Johanesen ◽  
Michael K. Wendt ◽  
David G. Binion ◽  
Michael B. Dwinell
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Host Defense ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cell ◽  
Mucosal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Barrier Integrity ◽  
Epithelial Migration ◽  
Epithelial Cell Migration

Intestinal epithelial cell migration plays a key role in gastrointestinal mucosal barrier formation, enterocyte development, differentiation, turnover, wound healing, and adenocarcinoma metastasis. Chemokines, through engagement of their corresponding receptors, are potent mediators of directed cell migration and are critical in the establishment and regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. The aim of this study was to define the role for the chemokine CXCL12 and its sole cognate receptor CXCR4 in regulating intestinal epithelial cell migration and to determine its impact on barrier integrity. CXCL12 stimulated the dose-dependent chemotactic migration of human T84 colonic epithelial cells. Epithelial cell migration was inhibited by CXCR4 neutralizing antibody, pertussis toxin, LY-294002, and PD-98059, thereby implicating Gαi, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase), and the ERK1/2 MAP kinase pathways in CXCR4-specific signaling. CXCL12 was also shown to increase barrier integrity, as defined by transepithelial resistance and paracellular flux across differentiating T84 monolayers. To determine whether CXCL12 regulated epithelial restitution, we used the normal nontransformed intestinal epithelial cell-6 (IEC-6) wound healing model. By using RT-PCR, immunoblot analysis, and immunofluorescence microscopy, we first showed expression of both CXCR4 and its ligand by IEC-6 cells. We then demonstrated that CXCL12 activated comparable signaling mechanisms to stimulate epithelial migration in the absence of proliferation in wounded IEC-6 monolayers. Taken together, these data indicate that CXCL12 signaling via CXCR4 directs intestinal epithelial cell migration, barrier maturation, and restitution, consistent with an important mechanistic role for these molecules in mucosal barrier integrity and innate host defense.

The role of vesicle trafficking in epithelial cell motility

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 1072-1076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Fletcher ◽  
Joshua Z. Rappoport
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Cell Motility ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Endosomal Recycling ◽  
Epithelial Cell Migration ◽  
Polarized Trafficking ◽  
Epithelial Wound Healing ◽  
Relevant Topic

Cell motility is important for many physiological and pathological processes including organ development, wound healing, cancer metastasis and correct immune responses. In particular, epithelial wound healing is both a medically relevant topic and a common experimental model. Mechanisms underlying generation of a polarized cell and maintenance of a motile phenotype during steady-state migration are not well understood. Polarized trafficking of bulk membrane and cell adhesion molecules has been implicated in regulation of cell motility. The present review focuses on the role of different trafficking pathways in epithelial cell migration, including clathrin-mediated endocytosis, caveolar endocytosis, exocytosis of biosynthetic cargo, ‘short-loop’ and ‘long-loop’ endosomal recycling.

scholarly journals Resolvin E1 is a pro-repair molecule that promotes intestinal epithelial wound healing

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (17) ◽  
pp. 9477-9482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Quiros ◽  
Darius Feier ◽  
Dorothee Birkl ◽  
Rachit Agarwal ◽  
Dennis W. Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Wound Repair ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cell ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Small Gtpase ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Epithelial Cell Migration ◽  
Cell Migration And Proliferation

Resolution of intestinal inflammation and wound repair are active processes that mediate epithelial healing at mucosal surfaces. Lipid molecules referred to as specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) play an important role in the restorative response. Resolvin E1 (RvE1), a SPM derived from omega-3 fatty acids, has been reported to dampen intestinal inflammation by promoting anti-inflammatory responses including increased neutrophil spherocytosis and macrophage production of IL-10. Despite these observations, a role for RvE1 in regulating intestinal epithelial cell migration and proliferation during mucosal wound repair has not been explored. Using an endoscopic biopsy-based wound healing model, we report that RvE1 is locally produced in response to intestinal mucosal injury. Exposure of intestinal epithelial cells to RvE1 promoted wound repair by increasing cellular proliferation and migration through activation of signaling pathways including CREB, mTOR, and Src-FAK. Additionally, RvE1-triggered activation of the small GTPase Rac1 led to increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cell–matrix adhesion, and cellular protrusions at the leading edge of migrating cells. Furthermore, in situ administration of RvE1-encapsulated synthetic targeted polymeric nanoparticles into intestinal wounds promoted mucosal repair. Together, these findings demonstrate that RvE1 functions as a prorepair lipid mediator by increasing intestinal epithelial cell migration and proliferation, and highlight potential therapeutic applications for this SPM to promote mucosal healing in the intestine.

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