The Formation of the European Dual-Track System

Author(s):  
Michele Pifferi
Keyword(s):  
Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2876
Author(s):  
Yingying Zhang ◽  
Lingyu Zhou ◽  
Akim D. Mahunon ◽  
Guangchao Zhang ◽  
Xiusheng Peng ◽  
...  

The mechanical performance of China Railway Track System type II (CRTS II) ballastless track suitable for High-Speed Railway (HSR) bridges is investigated in this project by testing a one-quarter-scaled three-span specimen under thermal loading. Stress analysis was performed both experimentally and numerically, via finite-element modeling in the latter case. The results showed that strains in the track slab, in the cement-emulsified asphalt (CA) mortar and in the track bed, increased nonlinearly with the temperature increase. In the longitudinal direction, the zero-displacement section between the track slab and the track bed was close to the 1/8L section of the beam, while the zero-displacement section between the track slab and the box girder bridge was close to the 3/8L section. The maximum values of the relative vertical displacement between the track bed and the bridge structure occurred in the section at three-quarters of the span. Numerical analysis showed that the lower the temperature, the larger the tensile stresses occurring in the different layers of the track structure, whereas the higher the temperature, the higher the relative displacement between the track system and the box girder bridge. Consequently, quantifying the stresses in the various components of the track structure resulting from sudden temperature drops and evaluating the relative displacements between the rails and the track bed resulting from high-temperature are helpful in the design of ballastless track structures for high-speed railway lines.


2019 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 116776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Liu ◽  
Xianhua Chen ◽  
Yuewei Ma ◽  
Jun Yang ◽  
Degou Cai ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiqing Li ◽  
Zhaoyang Liu ◽  
Ning Wei ◽  
Peng Gao ◽  
Shixuan Liu ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Rifqi Qowiyul Iman

This paper aims to describe the differences and the position of the legal rules for juvenile crimes between Qanun 6 of 2014 and Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System.  This research is descriptive qualitative research. The results show that Qanun Number 6 of 2014 also regulates criminal sanctions for children, which are normatively regulated in Law Number 11 of 2012. In addition, Qanun, as Aceh Islamic criminal law legalizes canning punishment for children, as well as the double-track system adopted by The Law of Juvenile Criminal Justice System is not explicitly accommodated in Qanun. Qanun at the level of a Regional Regulation is part of the hierarchy of laws and regulations that should be in line with what generally applies at the national level. Law Number 11 of 2006 is being the basis of the authority to make Qanun, as long as there is no court decision invalidates it, Qanun Number 6 of 2014, which is a derivative of Law Number 11 of 2006, can be declared as "lex specialis" of The Juvenile Criminal Justice System law which regulates child crime. However, it does not rule out the possibility that in the future, the judicial review of the article can be conducted.


Author(s):  
Oskar-H. Pekoll

<p>To deal with the high volume of traffic in the historic city center of Karlsruhe (Germany), the track system of the historic surface tram is moved underground.</p><p>First, seven underground stations are built, which are then connected by using a tunnel boring machine for excavation of the tracks. While the traffic continues on the surface, the new underground stations are being built in sections using the dig-and-cast construction method. Due to the high ground water level bore piles and diaphragm walls of reinforced concrete / concrete cut-off wall are used as excavation pit shoring. A grouted sealing blanket made using jet grouting processes serves as horizontal blanket.</p><p>The cover is made while the traffic continues overhead, to this end traffic routing of road and tram traffic is altered in several stages of construction. The subsequent removal of the soil is realized via this newly created tunnel system – this way no truck traffic has to pass through the city center.</p><p>The construction is a challenge to permit a limitation of the deformations in relation to the settlement of the immediately adjacent historic buildings and also in the logistics of the construction while keeping the traffic above ground running.</p>


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document