Achieving Quality Primary Education for the Poor Through State–NGO Partnerships

Author(s):  
Ebony Bertorelli ◽  
Aneel Brar
Keyword(s):  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 237
Author(s):  
Octavio Jose Zimbico

O fraco acesso das meninas à escola primária em Moçambique está no centro da questão deste texto, que tem como problema o fato de não se saber as razões por que, historicamente, as meninas têm estado em desvantagem numérica, na escola primária, comparativamente com os meninos. O objetivo é identificar e tipificar as possíveis fatores associados a este fenômeno desde o período anterior a 1975, ano em que o país alcançou a sua independência do domínio colonial português. Do ponto de vista metodológico, a revisão bibliográfica, o estudo da legislação, a análise dos dados estatísticos (primários e secundários) constituem a base de sustentação das ideias deste trabalho, de natureza histórica. A análise desse material revela que, por um lado, fatores socioculturais conjugados com os de natureza política têm estado na origem do fraco acesso das meninas à escola primária em Moçambique, desde a segunda metade do século XIX. Por outro, esses fatores e o modo de organização e funcionamento da sociedade moçambicana influenciam-se mutuamente.Factors associated with girls’ poor access to Primary Education in Mozambique. The poor access of girls to Primary Education in Mozambique is at the heart of this text, which has as the problem of not knowing the reasons why, historically, girls have been numerically disadvantaged in Primary Education, when compared to Boys. The aim is to identify and typify the possible factors associated with this phenomenon, from the period prior to 1975, the year in which the country reached its independence from Portuguese colonial rule. From the methodological point of view, the bibliographic review, the study of legislation, and the analysis of statistical data (primary and secondary) are the basis for sustaining the ideas of this historical work. The analysis of this material reveals that, on the one hand, social and cultural factors linked with those of a political nature have been the origin of the poor access of girls to primary school in Mozambique, since the second half of the nineteenth century. On the other hand, these factors and the way of organization and functioning of Mozambican society influence each other. Keywords: Gender; Girls; Access to Primary Education; History of Education in Mozambique.


Asian Survey ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 882-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akshay Mangla

Himachal Pradesh outperforms other Indian states in implementing universal primary education. Through comparative field research, this article finds that bureaucratic norms—unwritten rules that guide public officials—influence how well state agencies deliver services for the poor. The findings call attention to the informal, everyday practices that generate state capacity.


Author(s):  
M. Osumi ◽  
N. Yamada ◽  
T. Nagatani

Even though many early workers had suggested the use of lower voltages to increase topographic contrast and to reduce specimen charging and beam damage, we did not usually operate in the conventional scanning electron microscope at low voltage because of the poor resolution, especially of bioligical specimens. However, the development of the “in-lens” field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) has led to marked inprovement in resolution, especially in the range of 1-5 kV, within the past year. The probe size has been cumulated to be 0.7nm in diameter at 30kV and about 3nm at 1kV. We have been trying to develop techniques to use this in-lens FESEM at low voltage (LVSEM) for direct observation of totally uncoated biological specimens and have developed the LVSEM method for the biological field.


Author(s):  
Patrick Echlin

A number of papers have appeared recently which purport to have carried out x-ray microanalysis on fully frozen hydrated samples. It is important to establish reliable criteria to be certain that a sample is in a fully hydrated state. The morphological appearance of the sample is an obvious parameter because fully hydrated samples lack the detailed structure seen in their freeze dried counterparts. The electron scattering by ice within a frozen-hydrated section and from the surface of a frozen-hydrated fracture face obscures cellular detail. (Fig. 1G and 1H.) However, the morphological appearance alone can be quite deceptive for as Figures 1E and 1F show, parts of frozen-dried samples may also have the poor morphology normally associated with fully hydrated samples. It is only when one examines the x-ray spectra that an assurance can be given that the sample is fully hydrated.


1986 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 420-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Dorman ◽  
Ingrid Cedar ◽  
Maureen Hannley ◽  
Marjorie Leek ◽  
Julie Mapes Lindholm

Computer synthesized vowels of 50- and 300-ms duration were presented to normal-hearing listeners at a moderate and high sound pressure level (SPL). Presentation at the high SPL resulted in poor recognition accuracy for vowels of a duration (50 ms) shorter than the latency of the acoustic stapedial reflex. Presentation level had no effect on recognition accuracy for vowels of sufficient duration (300 ms) to elicit the reflex. The poor recognition accuracy for the brief, high intensity vowels was significantly improved when the reflex was preactivated. These results demonstrate the importance of the acoustic reflex in extending the dynamic range of the auditory system for speech recognition.


2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 113-114
Author(s):  
Nidhi Garg ◽  
Muralidhara Krishna ◽  
Madhumati S. Vaishnav ◽  
Vasanthi Nath ◽  
S. Chandraprabha ◽  
...  

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