Anxiety Disorders in Children and Young People

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Creswell ◽  
Sasha Walters ◽  
Brynjar Halldorsson ◽  
Peter J. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Childhood Anxiety ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Financial Cost ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Childhood Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Behavioral Treatments

Anxiety disorders are the most common psychiatric disorders among children and young people, affecting an estimated 6.5% of children and young people worldwide. Childhood anxiety disorders often persist into adulthood if left untreated and are associated with a significant emotional and financial cost to individuals, their families, and wider society. Models of the development and maintenance of childhood anxiety disorders have underpinned prevention and treatment approaches, and cognitive behavioral treatments have good evidence for their efficacy. Ongoing challenges for the field include the need to improve outcomes for those that do not benefit from current prevention and treatment, and to increase access to those who could benefit.

scholarly journals Relationship between adult social phobia and childhood anxiety

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisele Gus Manfro ◽  
Luciano Isolan ◽  
Carolina Blaya ◽  
Sandra Maltz ◽  
Elizeth Heldt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Family History ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Childhood Anxiety ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Childhood Anxiety Disorders ◽  
History Of

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of traumas and the presence of childhood anxiety disorders in adult patients with social phobia and investigate their influence on the presentation of the disorder. METHODS: Twenty-four adult patients with social phobia were asked about the presence of trauma before the age of 16. The K-SADS-E and the DICA-P interviews were used to assess these patients regarding childhood anxiety disorders. RESULTS: Twelve (50%) patients reported a history of trauma before the age of 16. The presence of trauma did not influence the presentation of the disorder. Seventy-five percent of patients had a history of anxiety disorders in childhood. Patients with a history of at least 2 childhood anxiety disorders had an increased lifetime prevalence of major depression (10 vs. 3; p=.04) and family history of psychiatric disorders (13 vs. 6; p=.02). CONCLUSION: Anxiety disorder in childhood is associated with family history of psychiatric disorders. The presence of more than one diagnosis of anxiety disorder in childhood can be considered a risk factor for the development of depression in adult patients with social phobia.

Parents’ perceptions of pharmacological and cognitive-behavioral treatments for childhood anxiety disorders

2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 819-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy M. Brown ◽  
Brett J. Deacon ◽  
Jonathan S. Abramowitz ◽  
Julie Dammann ◽  
Stephen P. Whiteside
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Childhood Anxiety ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Childhood Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Behavioral Treatments

scholarly journals Effects of non-invasive brain stimulation in children and young people with psychiatric disorders: a protocol for a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yael D. Lewis ◽  
Lucy Gallop ◽  
Iain C. Campbell ◽  
Ulrike Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young People ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Abstract Background Most psychiatric disorders have their onset in childhood or adolescence, and if not fully treated have the potential for causing life-long psycho-social and physical sequelae. Effective psychotherapeutic and medication treatments exist, but a significant proportion of children and young people do not make a full recovery. Thus, novel, safe, brain-based alternatives or adjuncts to conventional treatments are needed. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques which have shown clinical benefits in adult psychiatric conditions. However, in children and young people their efficacy is not well established. The objective of this study will be to systematically evaluate the evidence on clinical effects of NIBS in children and young people with psychiatric disorders, assessing disorder-specific symptoms, mood and neurocognitive functions. Methods We designed and registered a study protocol for a systematic review. We will include randomised and non-randomised controlled trials and observational studies (e.g. cohort, case-control, case series) assessing the effects of NIBS in children and young people (aged ≤ 24 years old) for psychiatric disorders. The primary outcome will be reduction of disorder-specific symptoms. Secondary outcomes will include effects on mood and cognition. A comprehensive search from database inception onwards will be conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO. Grey literature will be identified through searching multiple clinical trial registries. Two reviewers will independently screen all citations, full-text articles and abstract data. The methodological quality of the studies will be appraised using appropriate tools. We will provide a narrative synthesis of the evidence and according to heterogeneity will conduct an appropriate meta-analysis. Additional analyses will be conducted to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity. Discussion This systematic review will provide a broad and comprehensive evaluation of the evidence on clinical effects of NIBS in children and young people with psychiatric disorders. Our findings will be reported according to the PRISMA guidelines and will be of interest to multiple audiences (including patients, researchers, healthcare professionals and policy-makers). Results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42019158957

Childhood Anxiety Disorders

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly O’Neil ◽  
Douglas Brodman ◽  
Jeremy Cohen ◽  
Julie Edmunds ◽  
Philip Kendall
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Childhood Anxiety ◽  
Childhood Anxiety Disorders

scholarly journals Highlights of this issue

2013 ◽  
Vol 203 (6) ◽  
pp. A22-A22
Author(s):  
Kimberlie Dean
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Childhood Anxiety ◽  
Childhood Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Diagnostic Outcomes

Interventions throughout early life - antenatally, in childhood and in adolescenceTwo papers in the Journal this month describe trials of interventions targeting young people – one focused on treating anxiety disorders in childhood and another on preventing eating disorders in adolescence. While CBT for childhood anxiety disorders is known to be effective, its availability is limited. Thirlwall et al (pp. 436–444) conducted a randomised controlled trial of low-intensity guided parent-delivered CBT in a sample of children with anxiety disorders referred by primary or secondary care to a specialist clinic. Compared with waiting-list controls, the children receiving the full intervention demonstrated superior diagnostic outcomes, whereas those receiving a brief version of the intervention showed no improvements. In a linked editorial, Cartwright-Hatton (pp. 401–402) highlights the prevalence of childhood anxiety disorders, the implications of failing to treat them and the evidence supporting their treatability. She also points to the implications of findings from Thirlwall et al indicating that therapists need not be highly trained or experienced to achieve significant results.

scholarly journals Alterations in HPA-axis and autonomic nervous system functioning in childhood anxiety disorders point to a chronic stress hypothesis

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 135-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwendolyn C. Dieleman ◽  
Anja C. Huizink ◽  
Joke H.M. Tulen ◽  
Elisabeth M.W.J. Utens ◽  
Hanneke E. Creemers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Childhood Anxiety ◽  
Childhood Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
System Functioning
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