Critical Scholarship on Terrorism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Dixit
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Frankfurt School ◽  
Global South ◽  
The State ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Commonsense Knowledge ◽  
Critical Scholarship ◽  
Ongoing Work

Understandings of “critical” in critical scholarship on terrorism range from a Frankfurt School–influenced definition to a broader definition that aims to interrogate commonsense understandings of terrorism and counterterrorism. Overall, critical scholarship on terrorism draws on multiple disciplines and methodological traditions to analyze terrorism and counterterrorism. Within these, there have been ongoing debates and discussions about whether the state should be included in research on terrorism and, if so, what the inclusion of the state would do for the understanding of terrorism. Critical scholarship has also outlined the need for further attention to research ethics, as well as urged researchers to acknowledge their standpoints when conducting and communicating research. Some, but not all, critical scholarship has a normative orientation with the goal of emancipation, though the meaning of emancipation remains debated. Methodologically, the majority of critical scholarship on terrorism utilizes an interpretive lens to analyze terrorism and related issues. A central goal of critical terrorism research is to rework power relations such that Global South subjectivities are centered on research. This means including research conducted by Global South scholars and also centering Global South peoples and concerns in analyses of terrorism and counterterrorism. The role of gender, analytically and in practice, in relation to terrorism is also a key part of critical scholarship. Critical scholars of terrorism have observed that race is absent from much of terrorism scholarship, and there needs to be ongoing work toward addressing this imbalance. Media and popular culture, and their depiction of terrorism and counterterrorism, form another key strand in critical scholarship on terrorism. Overall, critical scholarship on terrorism is about scrutinizing and dismantling power structures that sustain commonsense knowledge regarding terrorism.

State Power Structures

2019 ◽  
pp. 113-142
Author(s):  
Keith Dowding
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Policy Network ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
State Autonomy ◽  
Competing Interests ◽  
Community Power ◽  
Power Studies ◽  
Network Approaches

Where Chapter 5 concentrated on the power debate in terms of the community power studies, Chapter 6 turns the argument to more general theories of the state notably pluralism and state autonomy theses. It critiques the policy community and policy network approaches notably in their claim that every policy has to be sold to influential constituencies. It also critiques the autonomy of the state thesis. Whilst pluralism has too rosy a picture of the relative power and influence of different sets of groups, the state autonomy thesis does not take enough account of the fact that the state is made up of numerous competing interests at all levels. It reviews the way in which rational choice models are utilized to examine different constituencies and sets of actors in the modern state. It then examines structural accounts of power in society and shows how long-term interests can be difficult to promote given the myopia that can accompany the manner in which politicians, with an eye on the electoral cycle act so as to increase their probability of being elected. It discusses the systematic luck of some groups and the systematic luck and the power of finance capital. Often the most pernicious aspects of the power and luck structure is the systematic luck of some groups that get what they want without having to wield the powers they enjoy. It concludes with an analysis of the role of business in the policy process examining the two logics of collective action. It summarizes how we measure power by looking at the five resources that bring power.

Geographies of production II: Thinking through the state

2020 ◽  
pp. 030913252091199
Author(s):  
Marion Werner
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Production Network ◽  
Production Networks ◽  
Global Production Networks ◽  
Critical Scholarship ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Restrictive Trade ◽  
Relations Of Power

As corporate power strains the liberal hegemony that has stabilized the globalization project, it is no wonder that scholars of global production are increasingly turning their attention to the role of the state. While the long-held assumption that the state primarily acted to facilitate capital’s priorities remains accurate, it is nonetheless incomplete. I discuss studies that focus on other state roles (regulator, buyer and producer) and pay particular attention to the ways that restrictive trade regulations and state-owned enterprises shape production arrangements. Turning from state roles (i.e. what states do), I go on to examine critical scholarship that focuses on why states act in the ways that they do and how social forces and class dynamics shape these institutional arrangements. Recent studies of labor regimes, the political economy of smallholder value chains, and the dialectic of geoeconomic/geopolitical logics offer useful insights into the role states play to stabilize (or not) global production arrangements. Overall, examining the state-production network nexus can shed light on the possibilities to work with, through or against the state in order to transform the relations of power materialized in and through global production networks.

scholarly journals Video Surveillance in Hollywood Movies

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (2/3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietmar Kammerer
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Film Studies ◽  
The State ◽  
Hollywood Film ◽  
Hollywood Films ◽  
Hollywood Movies ◽  
Minority Report

This paper examines the representations of CCTV in contemporary popular culture, namely Hollywood film from the perspective of culture and film studies. It starts from the observation that a growing number of Hollywood films are not only using (fake) CCTV images within their narrative, but are actually developing 'rhetorics of surveillance'. Following the argument of Thomas Y. Levin, contemporary Hollywood film is increasingly fascinated with (the images of) video surveillance. This fascination can be explained with the use of 'real time' and a shift from spatial to temporal indexicality in these movies. The paper then takes a closer look at three recent films: Tony Scott's Enemy of the State, Steven Spielberg's Minority Report and David Fincher's Panic Room. The role and uses of CCTV imagery in these films are analyzed; the role of the heroine under surveillance is examined; modes of (im-)possible resistance against CCTV are discussed.

Women in Russian Parliament

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 274-290
Author(s):  
Olga V. Kryshtanovskaya
Keyword(s):  
State Power ◽  
Large Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
The Government ◽  
Women Participation

The article devoted to the role of women in contemporary authority in general and in parliamentary institutions in particular. The author also offers a concise excursus in history noting the interesting opposition of feminist and “women” organizations from the point of view of their participation in power structures and their relevant goals, as well as their representation in the government bodies and structures. On the basis of large data arrays the author studies the dynamics of women participation in representative and legislative bodies of the state power starting with the USSR Supreme Soviet and to the State Duma of all convocations and the Council of the Federation from 1993 and until present time, including the representation of women in the governing structures of both chambers of the Federal Assembly.

Assembling gentrification in Istanbul: The Cihangir neighbourhood of Beyoğlu

Urban Studies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (15) ◽  
pp. 3336-3352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Yetiskul ◽  
Sule Demirel
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Global South ◽  
The State ◽  
Local Resistance ◽  
Temporal Scales ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The World

This paper aims to contribute to the gentrification literature through the potentials of assemblage thinking. We focus on gentrification in Istanbul, which represents the characteristics of both the Global South and North, and use assemblages to link together gentrification and the temporal scales of Istanbul’s urbanisation as well as geographical scales of gentrification around the world. Approaching gentrification as a continual process of transformation and emergence, we intend to illuminate how assemblages of gentrification in a historical inner-city neighbourhood, Cihangir, can be produced and reproduced in the trajectory of this neighbourhood. In so doing, we reveal and explore the role of the state in seemingly market-led gentrification and draw attention to the generative potentiality in the local resistance to the recent state-led gentrification of Cihangir.

A Re-Appraisal of the Role of Blood Coagulation and Platelets in the Generalized Shwartzman Phenomenon

1966 ◽  
Vol 15 (03/04) ◽  
pp. 519-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Levin ◽  
E Beck
Keyword(s):  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Renal Lesions ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Renal Glomeruli ◽  
Coagulation Mechanism ◽  
Shwartzman Phenomenon ◽  
Do So

SummaryThe role of intravascular coagulation in the production of the generalized Shwartzman phenomenon has been evaluated. The administration of endotoxin to animals prepared with Thorotrast results in activation of the coagulation mechanism with the resultant deposition of fibrinoid material in the renal glomeruli. Anticoagulation prevents alterations in the state of the coagulation system and inhibits development of the renal lesions. Platelets are not primarily involved. Platelet antiserum produces similar lesions in animals prepared with Thorotrast, but appears to do so in a manner which does not significantly involve intravascular coagulation.The production of adrenal cortical hemorrhage, comparable to that seen in the Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome, following the administration of endotoxin to animals that had previously received ACTH does not require intravascular coagulation and may not be a manifestation of the generalized Shwartzman phenomenon.

Economic and Legal Support for Commercialization of Intellectual Property in Russia

2003 ◽  
pp. 66-76
Author(s):  
I. Dezhina ◽  
I. Leonov
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
The State ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
The West ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Legal Context

The article is devoted to the analysis of the changes in economic and legal context for commercial application of intellectual property created under federal budgetary financing. Special attention is given to the role of the state and to comparison of key elements of mechanisms for commercial application of intellectual property that are currently under implementation in Russia and in the West. A number of practical suggestions are presented aimed at improving government stimuli to commercialization of intellectual property created at budgetary expense.

Budget as an Instrument of Reproduction of Bureaucracy in Russia

2006 ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Yu. Shvetsov
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Characteristic Features

The article considers the problem of bureaucratisation of the state and the most important social and economic consequences of this phenomenon. The essence of bureaucracy has been revealed, characteristic features of its functioning in Russia have been analyzed; the material base of bureaucracy and its dominating status in the society have been substantiated. The conclusion has been made that the process of changing the role of the budget to serve the interests of bureaucracy is being accomplished.

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