Arenal, Concepción

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maribel Martín-Estalayo ◽  
Aurora Castillo ◽  
María José Barahona ◽  
Begoña Leyra
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Work ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Social Intervention ◽  
Social Question ◽  
The Social ◽  
Integral Development ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

This article studies the influence of Concepción Arenal (1820–1893) on the foundations of social work in Spain. With her, one can learn about the most important ideas of the 19th-century liberal school of thought, which, in its enlightened and reforming aspect, had a great impact on the consideration of human dignity, poverty, the relationship between intervener and intervened—as well as the role and responsibility of the state, civil society, and charity in social intervention. Her pragmatic perspective stands out among those authors who contributed with elements of analysis to theorizing the social question in Spain. Her singularity is defined by the centrality of the human being and the integral development of one’s abilities in a society where the necessary means can be found. Additionally, she is both a national and international inspiration thanks to her contribution to women’s rights and the reform of the penal code.

The Snake and the Mongoose

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan McGovern
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Indian Religion

This book turns the commonly accepted model of the origins of the early Indian religions on its head. Since the beginning of modern Indology in the 19th century, the relationship between the major early Indian religions of Buddhism, Jainism, and Hinduism has been based on an assumed dichotomy between two metahistorical identities: “the Brahmans” and the newer “non-Brahmanical” śramaṇa movements. Textbook and scholarly accounts typically purport an “opposition” between these two groups by citing the 2nd century BCE Sanskrit grammarian Patañjali, often stating erroneously that he compared their animosity for one another to that of the snake and the mongoose. This book seeks to de-center the Hindu Brahman from our understanding of Indian religion by “taming the snake and the mongoose”—that is, abandoning the anachronistic distinction between “Brahmanical” and “non-Brahmanical” and letting the earliest articulations of identity in Indian religion speak for themselves on their own terms. It accomplishes this goal through a comparative reading of texts preserved by the three major groups that emerged from the social, political, cultural, and religious foment of the late first millennium BCE: the Buddhists and Jains as they represented themselves in their earliest sūtras, and the Vedic Brahmans as they represented themselves in their Dharma Sūtras. The picture that emerges is not of a fundamental dichotomy between Brahmanical and non-Brahmanical, but rather of many different groups who all saw themselves as Brahmanical, and out of whose contestation with one another the distinction between Brahmanical and non-Brahmanical the snake and the mongoose emerged.

scholarly journals “The Impersonal You”: Mass Print and Other Communication Technologies in the Virtual Friendship of Harriet Beecher Stowe and George Eliot

Humanities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Olga Kuminova
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
George Eliot ◽  
Harriet Beecher Stowe ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Literary Community ◽  
The Social ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between Harriet Beecher Stowe and George Eliot, widely recognized as one of the most significant literary friendships in the 19th century, yet rarely focused on in scholarship beyond mutual literary influence, took place entirely through the communicative media available then: mass print, the Victorian post, and the social network of parlor literature and transatlantic literary community. The article analyzes the beginning of the correspondence, both similar to and different from fan mail exchange, with extensive quotes from Stowe’s unpublished second letter, to demonstrate an innovative theoretical point that novels can function as part of a communicative continuum between a writer and an individual reader, becoming instruments of what may be seen as a proto-virtual relationship.

scholarly journals SOCIOCULTURAL FEATURES OF FEMALE DEVIANT BEHAVIOR IN RUSSIA IN THE LATE XIX - EARLY XX CENTURIES: CRIME AND ALCOHOLISM

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-18
Author(s):  
Глеб Владимирович Карандашев
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Factory Workers ◽  
Capitalist Development ◽  
Female Crime ◽  
Political Status ◽  
The Social ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Status Of Women

В статье рассматриваются различные формы женского отклоняющегося поведения в конце XIX - начале XX в. Автор уделяет особое внимание изучению взаимосвязи женской преступности и алкоголизации. Подчёркивается, что уровень женской преступности и её динамика были связаны с социально-экономическим и политическим положением женщины в социуме. С конца XIX в., по мере сближения условий жизни полов в условиях развивавшихся процессов капиталистического развития, женская преступность приближалась к мужской, фабричные работницы стали новым обширным классом потребителей алкоголя стали. Делается вывод, что наиболее болезненно последствия женского пьянства проявлялись на низших ступенях социальной лестницы, а преступность, проституция, психические и венерические заболевания зачастую сопутствовали этому явлению. The article examines various forms of female deviant behavior in the late 19th - early 20th centuries. The author pays special attention to the study of the relationship between female crime and alcoholism. It is emphasized that the level of female crime and its dynamics were associated with the socioeconomic and political status of women in society. From the end of the 19th century, as the living conditions of the sexes approached in the conditions of the developing processes of capitalist development, female crime approached male, factory workers became a new vast class of alcohol consumers. The author concludes that the most painful consequences of female drunkenness were manifested at the lower rungs of the social ladder, and crime, prostitution, mental and venereal diseases often accompanied this phenomenon.

scholarly journals The relationship between mothers’ and their daughters’ family size emerged in the United States during the 19th century

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Pink ◽  
Tobias Ebert ◽  
Jana Berkessel ◽  
Thorsteinn Jónsson
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Social ◽  
Intergenerational Continuity ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Considerable Doubt

For more than a century, a key question of the social sciences has been whether daughters’ family sizes relate to their mothers’ family sizes. Contemporary evidence confirms that, in developed countries, women from larger families indeed tend to have more children themselves. There is considerable doubt, however, whether intergenerational continuity in childbearing constitutes a universal feature of human societies. Based on a large-scale web-harvested collection of online memorials, we show that intergenerational continuity in childbearing in the U.S. emerged only in the first half of the 19th century, paralleling the country’s marked fertility decline. Furthermore, we show that statewide differences in intergenerational continuity in childbearing coincide with statewide differences in abortion laws. This suggests that control over individual fertility was a major driver of the emergence of intergenerational continuity in childbearing. This finding suggests that, although intergenerational continuity in childbearing has appeared only relatively recently in the history of humankind, it will eventually become relevant worldwide.

scholarly journals Protestant Ethics-In-Action

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-149
Author(s):  
Anders Sevelsted
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Cultural Sociology ◽  
Social Question ◽  
European Tradition ◽  
Cultural Schemas ◽  
The Social

AbstractThis article shows how voluntary social work in late 19th/early 20th century Copenhagen emerged as the result of several creative re-interpretations of the cultural schemas of revivalist Protestantism as urban revivalists faced the social question. Informed by pragmatist cultural sociology, the concept of “collective soteriology” is introduced as a way of analyzing the Protestant reinterpretations in terms of doctrine, ideals of community, and recipes for action. It is shown how Lutheran revivalist ideas at the same time encouraged, constrained, and shaped the voluntary social action undertaken. The paper aims to uncover a sociologically neglected European tradition of civic action, to contribute to the sociology of Protestantism’s influence on civil society, and to develop a theoretical framework for analyzing the role of ideas in non-contentious collective action.

El trabajo social sinergizador: intervención social con enfoque en redes sociales y capital social

2016 ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Felipe Saravia Cortés
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Intervention ◽  
Capital Social ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
The Social ◽  
Trabajo Social ◽  
The Relationship

Se describe el concepto de capital social, haciendo mención a su origen, evolución, además de las distintas miradas o enfoques que existen al respecto. Luego se desarrollan brevemente elementos de la teoría de redes sociales, y se busca el vínculo entre capital social y redes sociales, para posteriormente dar cuenta de posibles implicancias para la intervención social y el Trabajo Social en su amplio abanico de modalidades.Palabras clave: capital social, redes sociales, trabajo social, intervención social.O Trabalho Social Sinergizador social: intervenção social baixo o enfoque em redes sociais e capital socialDescreve-se o conceito de capital social, fazendo menção à origem do conceito, sua evolução, além do mais das diferentes perspectivas ou abordagens que existem sobre ele mesmo. Logo, desenvolvem-se brevemente elementos da teoria das redes sociais, analisando o vinculo entre capital social e redes sociais, para posteriormente dar conta das possíveis implicações destes enfoques para a intervenção social e Trabalho Social em sua ampla gama de modalidades.Palavras-chave: capital social, redes sociais, trabalho social, intervenção social.Synergetic social work: Social intervention focusing on social networking and social capitalThis paper describes the concept of social capital in reference to its origin and evolution, in addition to different perspectives or approaches on it. It briefly develops elements of the social networking theory by analyzing the relationship between social capital and social networking. Then it accounts for the possible implications of these approaches to social work and socialinterventions in a broad range of modalities.Keywords: social capital, social networking, social work, social intervention. 

Living in Utopia in the 19th Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-69
Author(s):  
Michel Lallement
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Question ◽  
Comparative Sociology ◽  
Social Experiments ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The 19Th Century

Abstract Concrete utopias have received little international comparison. In order to contribute to a comparative sociology of such social experiments, this article is interested in the case of France and the United States in the 19th century. To mirror concerns that were important at that time in both of these countries (the “social question” and the “question of women”), attention is focused on local experiments where work and gender were the subject of some notable innovations. After highlighting the form, importance and dynamics of abstract and concrete utopias in France and the United States, two communities inspired by C. Fourier are compared: the Familistère de Guise (France), and the Oneida Association (United States). If both learn about the Fourierist utopia, they put it into practice differently, in particular because of issues specific to each of the two countries.

scholarly journals The Sublime as a Response to Terror: A Study of Empiricism and Transcendence in Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer’s “El monte de las ánimas”

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan DeVirgilis
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Empirical Approach ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The Sublime ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

This paper studies the relationship between 18th century Enlightenment philosophy and 19th century Romantic expression by relating the Burkean and Kantian conceptualizations of the sublime to Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer’s leyenda, “El monte de las ánimas.” Although Burke opts for an empirical approach while Kant takes a transcendental approach, both theories highlight the contradictory philosophical platform of the Enlightenment: individual>society. The shift in focus from the social to the individual is evidenced in 19th century literary production through Bécquer’s treatment of the relationship between the subject and the empirical and metaphysical worlds. In this paper, this relationship is studied through the representations of objects and sounds that are all used to inspire one sensation: terror. These representations convey the menacing aspects of nature, break the boundaries of time and space, and juxtapose reality and unreality. In this way, the analysis suggests that the narrative and descriptive techniques used to represent the terror experienced by the characters aim to inspire a similar effect on the reader, while also indicating that the philosophy of the Enlightenment provides the theoretical underpinnings for Romantic expression in the 19th century.

Besondere Affinitäten

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selina Monjau
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Gustave Flaubert ◽  
Social Discourse ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ian Mcewan ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Interspecies intercourse between humans and simians has been the subject of numerous texts by various authors of Western literature since the 19th century. From Gustave Flaubert to Ian McEwan to Peter Høeg – analyzing nine texts overall, the author addresses an extraordinary and thus far mostly disregarded motif's cultural and literary historical backgrounds. In the process, she does not only examine the relationship between humans and simians and the way it changed over time, but also elaborates on the topical relevance for Animal, Gender, Queer and Women's Studies, as well as for the social discourse with regard to race and ethnicity.

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