6. Nature in the city

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-98
Author(s):  
Carl Abbott
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
Natural Settings ◽  
Automobile Use ◽  
The City

Cities are embedded and enmeshed in natural settings and systems. “Nature in the city” focuses on the role of city planning in preserving and regulating the interactions between these natural systems and the community. Parks and green spaces act as the lungs of a city, providing clean air and space; in some communities, access to parks has become a political issue. Ways to make cities more environmentally friendly include solar energy, water conservation, and reduction of automobile use, including ride-hailing services. Some planners may need to go against the long-standing demands of their profession and leave some areas completely undeveloped.

Smart Cities and Smart Societies

2021 ◽  
pp. 129-152
Author(s):  
Roberto Pagani ◽  
Gian Vincenzo Fracastoro
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Local Systems ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Post Shock ◽  
Uncertain Future ◽  
The City

The post-shock scenario is outlined: an uncertain future with a “new normality.” The embryos of the new paradigm are alongside the powerful discontinuity generated by COVID-19. With examples and anecdotes from Shanghai and China, a transformation already underway is portrayed. No more perfect shock could be thought to reconsider the role of humans on this planet, on our cities. There is a crucial need for resilience of local systems, for short chains, for autonomous energy and food self-sufficiency, for decentralizing essential products. Security and contingency plans are needed and must operate on a global scale, but at the same time at the country and the city level. The future must be reinvented, acting in depth, for shifting from “exploitation” to “cooperation” with natural systems. Topics are education, work, services, transport, food safety.

Providing an Attractive Environment for People to Engage in Health Activities

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-54
Author(s):  
Hung-Pin Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Green Space ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
Active Service ◽  
Taipei City ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
The City ◽  
Depth Interviews

Parks and green spaces have been allocated for city residents to offer them healthier natural environments. However, people living in cities may have less opportunity to engage with the natural environment since parks seem to be passive locations of activity. We investigated how to proactively enhance the attraction of green space to improve people's health. First, we surveyed how 683 city residents were engaged in physical activities. From them, 30 people were recruited for depth interviews. Results showed that the park environment and the health activities that feature ‘inner-attraction' could enhance the frequency and persistence of the city residents to engage in healthy activities. We also evaluated the service experience and attraction of 40 users in a 3-month program in the Daan Forest Park of Taipei City in Taiwan. Using the culture probes method, we found that the experience cycle and the use of social media enhanced the park's inner and inter attraction, and that the role of the park was transformed from a passive green space provider to an active service operator.

scholarly journals A soundscape analysis for selected parks in Bydgoszcz

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 00097
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Sztubecka
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
City Center ◽  
The City

Areas that are considered human-friendly are green spaces. The existing urban parks are designed to fulfill the role of relaxation, recreation, and entertainment. However, in many cases, these are historic places, which at the time didn't have much of an impact on external factors. Sustainable development issues are related to the quality of life and the usage of the environment and its resources by present and future generations. Noise and noise protection is an issue that is part of sustainable development. The inadequate implementation of the principles of sustainable development and non-inclusion of noise can noticeably lead to negative effects now and in the future. The aim of the paper is to analyze the soundscapes of two Bydgoszcz parks located in the city center. The values of the equivalent sound level for these areas were obtained from the existing Bydgoszcz acoustic plan. Subsequently, the resulting distribution of noise was compared with the results of subjective perception of sounds by visitors. On this basis, conclusions can be drawn regarding the ways of shaping such areas while taking into account the perception of visitors.

scholarly journals Challenges of Urban Green Space and Its Accessibility in Planning District-12, Mysuru City

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Yashaswini S* ◽  
Shankar B
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Green Space ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Urban Green Space ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The City

Improving the Accessibility of Urban Green Space (UGS) is an integral part of city planning system. People with better access to green space enjoy a wide range of health benefits. Therefore, it is a crucial element to be taken care and nourished in a land use framework. Mysore City is one of the planned large cities in India. The City had a population of about 0.9 million in 2011 and it is estimated to cross the million mark by 2021. There is a growing consciousness on health and wellbeing among the people resulting an increasing demand for urban green spaces both at neighbourhood and city levels. The accessibility helps in promoting usage of UGS and maintaining the balance in environment within the city areas. The main aim of this paper is to study the existing scenario of the UGS within the planning district-12 and to analyse the green space accessibility. The land use of Mysuru city is analysed to understand the city and the micro level land use analysis of Planning district-12 is made. The existing scenario of the UGS within the study area and its accessibility is analysed using different accessibility indicators. Considering the key findings, issues and challenges are identified. Later the suggestions and recommendations for the identified issues is proposed to enhance the green spaces quality and accessibility at neighbourhood levels. The Accessible Natural Green space Standard (ANGst) type of accessibility analysis has been carried to know UGS functionality. Henceforth urban green space network at Planning District levels (local levels) in the City of Mysuru is prepared as a model which can be implemented to the city as whole at the later stages

scholarly journals The Role of Technological Structures in the Formation of Agglomerations

2018 ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
Grigory V. Mazaev ◽  
Anton G. Mazaev ◽  
Elena Y. Verkhovikh
Keyword(s):  
City Planning ◽  
Central Planning ◽  
Planning Theory ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Final Conclusion ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Industrial Cities ◽  
Agglomeration Effect ◽  
The City

The article on the example of the city of Yekaterinburg and a number of other industrial cities of the Middle Urals shows the role and influence of the technological structures of different generations on the formation of the planning structure of large and largest industrial cities. The development of Ekaterinburg's planning has been shown, since the 18th century, the process of the formation of agglomeration around it since the 30s of the XX century has been considered. The article also considered the agglomeration effect, which develops in the planning of industrial cities when they create enterprises of III and IV technoLogicaL structures. Under his action, the planning system of the "city-agglomeration" is formed, as a specific form of development of the largest city. The authors for the first time proposed this new concept in urban planning theory, which makes it possible to characterize the development of a spatially distributed city with a set of reLativeLy isoLated parts, which in this particuLar case is manifested through the so-called system of socialist cities. The role of these socialist cities in the formation of a "city- agglomeration" is considered, the phenomenon of local self­identification of their inhabitants is shown, which consider their isolated region as a territorial entity existing separately from the central planning area, which is identified by the inhabitants of the "metropolitan city" with the notion of "city". The phenomenon of the withdrawal of industrial sites mainly from the central planning zones of the largest industrial cities is considered. The conditions for the development of the agglomeration effect for thelargest cities are determined, this effect was classified in the Scheme of the appearance of agglomeration effect in city planning. The final conclusion is made that the phenomenon of formation of a "city-agglomeration" should be taken into account in the development of master plans of industrial cities as a potential opportunity for the development of their planning structures, which affects the development of transport and social infrastructures.

Providing an Attractive Environment for People to Engage in Health Activities

2019 ◽  
pp. 1671-1689
Author(s):  
Hung-Pin Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Green Space ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
Active Service ◽  
Taipei City ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
The City ◽  
Depth Interviews

Parks and green spaces have been allocated for city residents to offer them healthier natural environments. However, people living in cities may have less opportunity to engage with the natural environment since parks seem to be passive locations of activity. We investigated how to proactively enhance the attraction of green space to improve people's health. First, we surveyed how 683 city residents were engaged in physical activities. From them, 30 people were recruited for depth interviews. Results showed that the park environment and the health activities that feature ‘inner-attraction' could enhance the frequency and persistence of the city residents to engage in healthy activities. We also evaluated the service experience and attraction of 40 users in a 3-month program in the Daan Forest Park of Taipei City in Taiwan. Using the culture probes method, we found that the experience cycle and the use of social media enhanced the park's inner and inter attraction, and that the role of the park was transformed from a passive green space provider to an active service operator.

Airbnb and Amenity: Is Short-Term Letting Reshaping How We Live in the City?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Laura Crommelin ◽  
◽  
Sharon Parkinson ◽  
Chris Martin ◽  
Laurence Troy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Compact City ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
Rights And Interests ◽  
Individual And Community Rights ◽  
The City

The popularity of short-term letting (STL) platforms like Airbnb has created housing and planning challenges for cities worldwide, including the potential impact of STL on the quality of life of nearby residents and communities. Underpinning this concern is an inherent tension in urban living between the rights and interests of individual residents and the collective rights and interests of neighbours. Through interviews with Australian Airbnb hosts, this paper examines how STL hosts navigate this tension, including how they frame their rights, how they seek to minimise impacts on neighbours, and how they perceive the role of regulation in balancing individual and community rights. In doing so, the paper contributes to both theory and policy debates about urban property rights and how ‘compact city’ planning orthodoxies are reshaping the lived experience of urban residents worldwide.

EVOLUTION OF THE PERIMETER TOWN PLANNING COMPOSITION OF RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT IN SAMARA

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
I. A KOTENKO
Keyword(s):  
City Planning ◽  
Residential Development ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Main Role ◽  
The Given ◽  
Historic City ◽  
The City

The paper analyses the results of one kind of city-planning composition in Samara. The author underlines the main role of the perimeter composition in the city-planning of the historic city. Special features of the given composition in different historic periods of Samara from the first plans till nowadays are described in the paper. The article is illustrated with the examples of perimeter compositions of residential development and the existing morthotypes of city blocks. The author makes the conclusion about the expediency of applying the best traditions of perimeter city-planning.

scholarly journals The gender of walking: female pedestrians in street photographs 1890–1989

Urban History ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Tiina Männistö-Funk
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Urban Streets ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Gendered Patterns ◽  
The City ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

Abstract This article focuses on the role of gender in walking by studying thousands of street photographs taken between 1890 and 1989 in the city of Turku. Analysis of the photographs presents female pedestrians as the most numerous and continuously large group on the urban streets and reveals gendered patterns and practices of walking. Furthermore, it showcases how female mobility patterns were ignored and harmed by the car-centred city planning and traffic solutions of the mid- and late twentieth century. At the same time, women's walking appears as a central enabler of the fragile technological system that is motorized urban transport.

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