scholarly journals Effect of varying the ratio of n−6 to n−3 fatty acids by increasing the dietary intake of α-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid, or both on fibrinogen and clotting factors VII and XII in persons aged 45–70 y: the OPTILIP Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas AB Sanders ◽  
Fiona Lewis ◽  
Suzanne Slaughter ◽  
Bruce A Griffin ◽  
Margaret Griffin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Clotting Factors

scholarly journals Effects of alpha-linolenic acid vs. docosahexaenoic acid supply on the distribution of fatty acids among the rat cardiac subcellular membranes after a short- or long-term dietary exposure

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amandine Brochot ◽  
Marine Guinot ◽  
Daniel Auchere ◽  
Jean-Paul Macaire ◽  
Pierre Weill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid

scholarly journals Effects of alpha-linolenic acid vs. docosahexaenoic acid supply on the distribution of fatty acids among the rat cardiac subcellular membranes after a short- or long-term dietary exposure

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amandine Brochot ◽  
Marine Guinot ◽  
Daniel Auchere ◽  
Jean-Paul Macaire ◽  
Pierre Weill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid

scholarly journals Polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of Alzheimer’s disease: a Mendelian randomization study

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 1763-1766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasutake Tomata ◽  
Susanna C. Larsson ◽  
Sara Hägg
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid

Abstract Purpose Observational studies have suggested that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may decrease Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk. In the present study, we examined this hypothesis using a Mendelian randomization analysis. Methods We used summary statistics data for single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with plasma levels of n-6 PUFAs (linoleic acid, arachidonic acid) and n-3 PUFAs (alpha-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid), and the corresponding data for AD from a genome-wide association meta-analysis of 63,926 individuals (21,982 diagnosed AD cases, 41,944 controls). Results None of the genetically predicted PUFAs was significantly associated with AD risk; odds ratios (95% confidence interval) per 1 SD increase in PUFA levels were 0.98 (0.93, 1.03) for linoleic acid, 1.01 (0.98, 1.05) for arachidonic acid, 0.96 (0.88, 1.06) for alpha-linolenic acid, 1.03 (0.93, 1.13) for eicosapentaenoic acid, 1.03 (0.97, 1.09) for docosapentaenoic acid, and 1.01 (0.81, 1.25) for docosahexaenoic acid. Conclusions This study did not support the hypothesis that PUFAs decrease AD risk.

Maternal Dietary Fatty Acids and Their Relationship to Derived Endocannabinoids in Human Milk

2021 ◽  
pp. 089033442199346
Author(s):  
Adriana V. Gaitán ◽  
JodiAnne T. Wood ◽  
Yingpeng Liu ◽  
Lipin Ji ◽  
Spyros P. Nikas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Chain

Background Dietary long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids are known to benefit infant development. After birth, human milk provides arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids to the infant. Endocannabinoids are endogenous lipid mediators derived from the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Although the roles and the mechanisms of action are not fully understood, previous researchers have suggested that endocannabinoids might play a role in infant feeding behavior. Research Aims To assess (i) maternal dietary intake of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and (ii) their relationship to concentrations of fatty acids and derived endocannabinoids in human milk. Methods For this exploratory-longitudinal study, participants ( N = 24) provided dietary intake data and milk samples. Fatty acids and derived endocannabinoids: Arachidonylethanolamide, arachidonoylglycerol, docosahexaenoyl glycerol, eicosapentaenoyl ethanolamide, and eicosapenaenoyl glycerol were identified in their milk by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and correlations to dietary fatty acids were assessed. Results Participants were not consuming recommended amounts of docosahexaenoic acid. Significant correlations ( p ≤ .05) were only found between dietary docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids and the concentrations of these in human milk. Moreover, only dietary docosahexaenoic acid was correlated ( p = .031) with its corresponding endocannabinoid, docosahexaenoyl glycerol. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this may be one of the first studies evaluating relationships between dietary long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and multiple endocannabinoids in human milk. Our findings suggest that endocannabinoid concentrations could be modulated by dietary precursors. Future research studies can be designed based on these data to better elucidate the roles of endocannabinoids in human milk for infant health and development.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Docosahexaenoic Acid and α-Linolenic Acid Affect Cholesterol Metabolism and Migration of Monocytes via Common and Distinct Gene Pathways

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 948-948
Author(s):  
Lisa Rodway ◽  
Samantha Pauls ◽  
Harold Aukema ◽  
Carla Taylor ◽  
Peter Zahradka
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Functional Assays ◽  
Monocyte Migration ◽  
And Migration

Abstract Objectives One of the earliest events in atherosclerotic plaque formation is the migration of monocytes to damaged blood vessels, and the accumulation of cholesterol in monocyte-derived macrophages. The omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is known to inhibit this process. While there is limited evidence suggesting α-linolenic acid (ALA) has a similar effect, ALA has not been directly compared to DHA. The primary objective of this study was to compare the gene expression profiles of monocytes that have been exposed to either ALA or DHA and examine the effect of these fatty acids on monocyte cholesterol content and migration in a cell culture model. Methods Transcriptome analysis was performed on total mRNA isolated from human THP-1 monocytes treated with ALA, DHA or vehicle for 48 h. Candidate genes identified via fold change and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis were validated by qPCR. Functional assays to measure total cholesterol content and migration were then performed on monocytes treated with ALA or DHA. Results Transcriptome analysis identified a series of genes associated with cholesterol metabolism and cell migration altered by ALA and DHA treatment. Changes in mRNA levels for candidate genes were validated by qPCR, with similar expression patterns as in the transcriptome analysis. Based on these data, both fatty acids were predicted to reduce cholesterol synthesis, ALA would increase migration and DHA would have no effect. Functional assays were then performed and revealed that ALA and DHA decreased cholesterol content to a similar extent. Additionally, contrary to our predictions, DHA significantly decreased migration, while ALA had no effect. Conclusions The results suggest ALA and DHA may influence monocyte migration through distinct gene pathways, while cholesterol metabolism may be regulated by a common mechanism. Furthermore, only DHA treatment reduced monocyte migration in functional assays, while both fatty acids reduced cholesterol content. Due to the critical role of monocyte migration and cholesterol content in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, it may be concluded from this study that both DHA and ALA may exert protective effects involving different mechanisms as they relate to individuals at risk for cardiovascular disease. Funding Sources CIHR, NSERC

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