scholarly journals Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Preceded by β-Cell Dysfunction, Insulin Resistance, or Both in Older Adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 177 (12) ◽  
pp. 1418-1429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumiaki Imamura ◽  
Kenneth J. Mukamal ◽  
James B. Meigs ◽  
José A. Luchsinger ◽  
Joachim H. Ix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Cell Dysfunction

Abstract 008: Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Preceded by β-cell Dysfunction, Insulin Resistance, or Both: The Cardiovascular Health Study

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumiaki Imamura ◽  
Kenneth J Mukamal ◽  
James B Meigs ◽  
Jose A Luchsinger ◽  
Joachim H Ix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Cell Dysfunction

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) results from insulin resistance (IR), pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, or both. We hypothesized that risk factors could differ for DM preceded predominantly by IR, β-cell dysfunction, or both. This hypothesis is particularly important for older adults, in whom β-cell dysfunction may be relatively common. Methods: During 18 years of follow-up among 3,899 older adults free of DM (mean±sd age =73.0±5.8), we identified 274 incident DM cases by DM medication use, fasting glucose (≥126 mg/dL), or 2-hour post-challenge glucose (≥200 mg/dL), for whom homeostatic model assessments for IR (HOMA-IR) and β-cell function (HOMA-B) were assessed after baseline and before DM diagnosis. Using median cutoffs of the follow-up HOMA-IR and HOMA-B, we subclassified incident DM into DM preceded by IR only (n=112), β-cell dysfunction only (n=70), or both (n=77). Using multivariate competing-risk Cox models, we tested whether DM risk factors were differentially associated with risk of each DM subclass. Results: Elevated triglyceride levels (≥150 mg/dL) and impaired fasting glucose (100-125 mg/dL) were each positively associated with DM, irrespective of the DM subclass. Other DM risk factors of older age, overweight, obesity, low HDL cholesterol, and hypertension had substantially varying relationships with risk of different DM subclasses (p<0.001 for the variations). For example, overweight (BMI=25-29.9 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI≥30 kg/m2) were each positively associated with DM preceded by IR only (hazard ratio [95% CI]= 2.21 [1.25-3.92] and 5.02 [2.81-9.00], respectively), but with a significant inverse association with DM preceded by β-cell dysfunction only (0.61 [0.37-1.00] and 0.33 [0.14-0.80], respectively) (Figure). Conclusions: Among older adults, some DM risk factors differ substantially depending on HOMA-IR or HOMA-B subclassification. These findings support our hypothesis of heterogeneity in incident DM, especially among older adults.

Insulin resistance, β-cell function, and glucose tolerance in Brazilian adolescents with obesity or risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Cintra Querino da Silva ◽  
Walkiria Lopes Miranda ◽  
Antonio Roberto Chacra ◽  
Sérgio Atala Dib
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell Function

scholarly journals Association of high-sensitive C-reactive protein with advanced stage β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Pfützner ◽  
Eberhard Standl ◽  
Hermann-Josef Strotmann ◽  
Jan Schulze ◽  
Cloth Hohberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Reactive Protein

Abstract

New emerging roles of the novel hepatokine SERPINB1 in type 2 diabetes mellitus: crosstalk with β-cell dysfunction and dyslipidemia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Mostafa Kamal ◽  
Aya Adel ◽  
Ghada Hussein Sayed ◽  
Shadia Ragab ◽  
Dina Hamada Kassem
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Cell Dysfunction

scholarly journals An Immediate and Long-Term Complication of COVID-19 May Be Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Central Role of β-Cell Dysfunction, Apoptosis and Exploration of Possible Mechanisms

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2475
Author(s):  
Melvin R. Hayden
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Cell Dysfunction

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) was declared a pandemic by the WHO on 19 March 2020. This pandemic is associated with markedly elevated blood glucose levels and a remarkable degree of insulin resistance, which suggests pancreatic islet β-cell dysfunction or apoptosis and insulin’s inability to dispose of glucose into cellular tissues. Diabetes is known to be one of the top pre-existing co-morbidities associated with the severity of COVID-19 along with hypertension, cardiocerebrovascular disease, advanced age, male gender, and recently obesity. This review focuses on how COVID-19 may be responsible for the accelerated development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as one of its acute and suspected long-term complications. These observations implicate an active role of metabolic syndrome, systemic and tissue islet renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, redox stress, inflammation, islet fibrosis, amyloid deposition along with β-cell dysfunction and apoptosis in those who develop T2DM. Utilizing light and electron microscopy in preclinical rodent models and human islets may help to better understand how COVID-19 accelerates islet and β-cell injury and remodeling to result in the long-term complications of T2DM.

scholarly journals Boolean network modeling of β-cell apoptosis and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (S2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pritha Dutta ◽  
Lichun Ma ◽  
Yusuf Ali ◽  
Peter M.A. Sloot ◽  
Jie Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Boolean Network ◽  
Network Modeling ◽  
Β Cell
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