Addressing the burden of student loan debt: A case-based review of influencing considerations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa M Greene ◽  
W Nathan Greene ◽  
William L Greene
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Student Loan ◽  
Debt Management ◽  
Student Debt ◽  
Debt Burden ◽  
Income Ratio ◽  
The Many ◽  
Optimal Approach ◽  
Education Of Students

Abstract Purpose The following review is offered as an aid for encouraging deeper understanding by pharmacy graduates of approaches to debt management. Summary The phenomenon of growing debt for pharmacists and other professionals has been well described. Significant debt is widespread with both pharmacy students and graduates; a recent study described the debt-to-income ratio for pharmacists to have risen by 141% between 2010 and 2016. This increasing debt burden causes significant pressure for these individuals—whether while in training, early in their career, or, increasingly, even in midcareer. Dealing with debt has become a major consideration in the profession. Given that financial education is addressed only minimally, if at all, in pharmacy curricula, pharmacists find it challenging to understand and fully consider the myriad factors influencing the accumulation and repayment of debt in the context of their financial goals. Personal financial, repayment, behavioral, and emotional/psychological factors must be considered to choose an optimal strategy to address debt. This article describes various repayment plans, particularly focusing on those offered with direct loans, and it reviews in some detail 5 comprehensive repayment strategies (using these plans). Three case studies derived from real-life pharmacist-planner interactions illustrate the many factors that must be considered as a pharmacist chooses the optimal approach to debt repayment in their unique life situation. Conclusion Education of students and pharmacists regarding the various factors related to handling student debt may facilitate decision-making that is both financially and personally beneficial.

scholarly journals Tom Nook, Capitalist or Comrade?

Loading ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 109-134
Author(s):  
Emma Vossen
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Student Loan ◽  
Online Discussions ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
New Horizons ◽  
Hard Times ◽  
The Many ◽  
Hearts And Minds

Many millennial Animal Crossing players will experience the joy of paying off their beautiful three-floor in-game home only to have that joy cut short by the crushing realization that they may never experience homeownership in real life. Who do we then take that anger and disappointment out on? The capitalists with a stranglehold on the housing market? The governments and companies holding our lives hostage for student loan debt? Our landlords who take most of our income each month so we can keep a roof over our heads? Our bosses who are criminally underpaying us for our labour? Or is it a fictional racoon? Arguments about the ethics of Animal Crossing’s non-playable character Tom Nook are inescapable in online discussions about the Animal Crossing series. These discussions generally have two sides: either Tom Nook is a capitalistic villain who exploits the player’s labour for housing, or he is a benevolent landowner who helps the player out in hard times. Vossen first sets the stage by discussing the cultural significance of both the Animal Crossing series, focusing in on Animal Crossing: New Horizons (2020), and the millennial housing crisis. She then examines the many tweets, memes, comics, and articles that vilify Tom Nook (and a few that defend him) and asks: are we really mad at Tom, or are we mad at the cruelty and greed of the billionaires, bosses, and landowners in our real lives? Vossen argues that what she calls “Nook discourse” represents the radical social potential of Animal Crossing to facilitate large-scale real-world conversations about housing, economic precarity, class, and labour that could help change hearts and minds about the nature of wealth.

An Examination Of Business Students Student Loan Debt And Total Debt

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann T. Kuzma ◽  
John R. Kuzma ◽  
Harold F. Thiewes
Keyword(s):  
Business Students ◽  
Student Loan ◽  
Debt Management ◽  
University Education ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Student Debt ◽  
State University ◽  
Family Assistance ◽  
College Of Business ◽  
Debt Levels

Under the current economic environment and its high levels of unemployment, many people are turning to university education to attain higher education or simply to upgrade their skills and avoid continued unemployment.  This paper examines student workloads, debt levels, and the debt perceptions of junior- and senior-level College of Business students at a Midwestern state university during the current economic downturn.  The paper also examines factors that influence the level of student debt such as semester credit load taken, employment and family assistance.  Overall, the students felt confident in securing employment upon graduation and in managing their debt load.  Results of regression analyses indicated that expected salary was significantly influenced by this confidence.  Additionally, students’ confidence in their employment prospects and debt management abilities, and their belief that debt would impact their future lifestyles, were significantly related to student debt levels.

KEARIFAN LOKAL (LOCAL GENIUS) SEBAGAI SOKO GURU MENATA PERADABAN BANGSA YANG BERKARAKTER NUSANTARA (REFLEKSI KARYA KI DALANG TANGSUB)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Made Suarta
Keyword(s):  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Care Environment ◽  
Mental Attitude ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
The People ◽  
The Many ◽  
Written Traditions

Local knowledge (local genius) is the quintessence of our ancestors thinking either oral or written traditions which we have received to date. Thought that, in the context of real archipelago has the same thread, which has a valuable values and universal to strengthen the integrity of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia. Through our founding genius thought that we should be able to implement it in real life to be able to reach people who "Gemah ripah loh jinawi", no less clothing, food, and shelter!Some of the many concepts of mind for the people of Bali are reflected in the work of puppeteer Ki Dalang Tangsub contributed to the development of Indonesia and has a universal value is the concept of maintaining the environment, save money, and humble. Through mental attitude has not always feel pretty; like not smart enough, not skilled enough, and not mature enough experience, make us always learn and practice. Learn and continue lifelong learning will make a man more mature and a lot of experience. Thus, the challenges in life will be easy to overcome. All that will be achieved, in addition to the hard work is also based on the mental attitude of inferiority is not proud, haughty, arrogant and other negative attitudes. Thought care environment, managing finances, and humble as described above, in Bali has been formulated through a literature shaped geguritan, namely Geguritan I Gedé Basur Dalang Tangsub works, one of the great authors in the early 19th century.  Keywords: Local knowledge, a cornerstone of, the character of the archipelago

scholarly journals The Public Debt of Ukraine and the Budget Expenditure for Its Service

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. H. Bondaruk ◽  
O. S. Bondaruk ◽  
N. Yu. Melnychuk
Keyword(s):  
Public Debt ◽  
Debt Management ◽  
Public Budget ◽  
Sharp Drop ◽  
The Public ◽  
Debt Burden ◽  
Debt Dynamics ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Public Debt Management ◽  
Made In

the public debt is deepened, the visions of the public debt as a phenomenon burdening the national economy, found in various schools of economics, are reviewed. It is demonstrated that the high internal and external dept in parallel with the respectively growing expenditure for its service is a pressing problem for Ukraine, calling for an urgent solution. This raises the need for seeking ways to improve the public debt management mechanisms. The article’s objective is to deepen the theoretical and methodological framework for assessment of the public debt in Ukraine and the budget expenditures for its service. It is demonstrated that the public debt in Ukraine results from the public budget deficit, high sovereign borrowing from internal and external sources. The econometric assessment of the time series on budget expenditures for debt service and repayment in Ukraine is given. The analysis of the public debt dynamics in Ukraine shows that not only the increasing volume of public debt and State-guarantee debt, but also the increasing budget expenditures on its service and repayment are dangerous. The high deficit of public budget is persisting, which growth is caused, inter alia, by the payment commitments. The expenditures on service and repayment of public debt constitute a large share in the public budget expenditures. Forecasting calculations made in the article demonstrate the upward tendency in the public budget expenditures on repayment and service of the public debt of Ukraine, thus signaling the growing threats to the budget security of Ukraine. The main factors for the rapidly increased debt burden in Ukraine over the latest years are identified: the considerable devaluation of domestic currency (Hryvnya), sharp drop in GDP, the shrinking internal consumer demand, etc.    It is demonstrated that the risk of the increasing payments for service of public debt is an essential and chronic factor generating problems in public finances and affecting the budget security of Ukraine.  

St. Petersburg Summit of the «Group of Twenty»

2014 ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
D. Smyslov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Debt Management ◽  
Wide Range

«The Group of Twenty» is an informal forum for international cooperation between the leading developed states, the largest developing countries and emerging market economies. The article explores the key strategic approaches and governance decisions related to the main directions of international macroeconomic and financial regulation elaborated during the Russian chairmanship in the G-20 (December 2012 – December 2013) which culminated in the St. Petersburg summit. The author makes attempt to estimate viability of discussed approaches and decisions against the background of the actual problems of global economy. The author pays special attention to the St. Petersburg summit’s approaches to the problems of providing favorable conditions for strong and sustainable economic growth and of addressing unemployment. The point is how to achieve an acceptable compromise between the purposes of fiscal and monetary policies, on the one part, and providing balanced state budgets, as well as price stability, on the other part. Also, the importance of a wide range of radical structural reforms is stressed. The author argues that Russia proposed to vital themes to discuss at G-20 summit: long-term financing for investment as a foundation for economic growth and improvement of public debt management practices. The article describes the principal provisions of the Declaration and the Action plan related to various aspects of the reconstruction of financial and monetary system, including: tackling tax avoidance; implementing the Basel-3 standards, dealing with the adequacy of the bank’s capital; ending «too big to fail» problem; reforming over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives market; reducing reliance on the credit rating agencies; addressing potential risks for financial stability posed by the shadow banking; increasing financial inclusion, financial education and strengthening financial consumer protection; eliminating the international misbalances through broad based rebalancing of global demand; resisting of all forms of protectionism and promoting liberalization of global trade and investment; moving towards exchange rate flexibility to avoid persistent exchange rate misalignment; transforming the International Monetary Fund and Financial Stability Board. The author points to significant achievements of G-20 as a coordinating body for economic crisis management and, at the same time, discloses obstacles complicating its activities and development.

Technological Innovations to Enhance Neurocognitive Rehabilitation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J.-W. Chen ◽  
Fred Loya
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Neurocognitive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Rehabilitation Care ◽  
Neuroscience Research ◽  
Neurocognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Neurocognitive Dysfunctions ◽  
The Many

In an instant, a brain injury can cause changes that affect a person for a life­time. Although traumatic brain injury (TBI) can result in almost any neurological deficit, the most common and persistent deficits tend to affect neurocognitive functioning. Functional issues may produce a tremendous chronic burden on individuals, families, and healthcare systems (Thurman, Alverson, Dunn, Guerrero, & Sniezek, 1999; Yu et al., 2003). The far-reaching impact of these seemingly “invisible” deficits is often not recognized. Individuals who have suffered a TBI may also be at increased risk for developing cognitive changes later in life (Mauri et al., 2006; Schwartz, 2009; Van Den Heuvel, Thornton, & Vink, 2007). Military veterans report even higher rates of persistent issues, especially in the context of posttraumatic stress (PTS) (Polusny et al., 2011). Despite their importance, chronic neurocognitive dysfunctions are often poorly addressed. A long-term view on care-oriented research and development is needed (Chen & D’Esposito, 2010). Even as we get deeper into the 21st century, there continue to be many gaps in the rehabilitation of neurocognitive functioning after brain injury. There is a need for increased effort to advance rehabilitation care and delivery. There are two major gaps in care that could benefit from neuroscience research and technology-assisted intervention development. First, there remains a major need for theory-driven approaches to cognitive training, accompanied by the development of innovative tools to support learning of useful skills and their generalization to help achieve real-life goals. Second, major gaps in the delivery and coordination of rehabilitation must be addressed in order to provide care to the many people with brain injury who lack access to services due to barriers imposed by distance, financial constraints, and disability. This chapter introduces and illustrates some technology-assisted innovations that may help to advance neurocognitive rehabilitation care. Examples of using technology to reach into the community via tele-rehabilitation, as well as exam­ples of reaching students in a manner aligned with their scholastic goals, are discussed.

scholarly journals Seeing the Dog: Naturalistic Canine Representations from Greek Art

Arts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Kenneth F. Kitchell
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Seminal Work ◽  
Greek Art ◽  
The Many ◽  
Animal World

This study attempts to demonstrate that ancient Greek authors and vase painters (mostly of the late sixth and early fifth centuries) were well attuned to the many bodily gestures and positions exhibited by dogs in real life and utilized this knowledge in producing their works. Once this is clear, it becomes evident that the Greek public at large was equally aware of such canine bodily gestures and positions. This extends the seminal work on gestures of Boegehold and Lateiner to the animal world and seeks also to serve as a call for further study of similar animals throughout ancient Greek times.

scholarly journals Living Life as Inquiry – a Systemic Practice for Change Agents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Rose Gearty ◽  
Judi Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Change Agents ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
First Person ◽  
Extensive Experience ◽  
The Past ◽  
Systemic Practice ◽  
The Many

Abstract The practical orientation of action research, together with its embedded and participative principles, means it is particularly suited to complex, interconnected questions and ‘real life’ systemic issues. In the realm of first-person action research, Judi Marshall’s (1999) influential article “Living Life as Inquiry” described how such research can extend to one’s whole life whereby professional and personal questions can be set within politically relevant frames. Over the past two decades, many students and researchers have worked with and drawn much imaginative inspiration from the idea of living life as inquiry (LLI). However little has been written to describe how the practice develops and the many forms it can take. This article draws on our extensive experience as inquirers ourselves and as educators, working with students and change agents motivated to address social and environmental concerns. Twenty years after the original article we have conducted a reflective review that included surveying the literature, and working in depth with a range of stories and current practices. From this comes a textured expansion of the language and practice of living life as inquiry as it is approached from the specificity of people’s lives. Through narrative and visual textures, we present views into the many different ways LLI is developed through day-to-day practices of experimentation, data gathering, artistic exploration, intervention and reflection. We explore what this means for quality in the enactment of inquiry. The article draws particular attention to the embodied nature of inquiry and seeks to capture its fleeting, processual quality.

Benefits of Mock Oral Examinations in a Multi-institutional Consortium for Board Certification in General Surgery Training

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 817-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gokulakkrishna Subhas ◽  
Stephen Yoo ◽  
Yeon-Jeen Chang ◽  
David Peiper ◽  
Mark J. Frikker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Oral Examination ◽  
Pass Rate ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Pass Rates ◽  
Oral Examinations ◽  
The Many ◽  
Certifying Examination ◽  
The Cost ◽  
American Board Of Surgery

The Southeast Michigan Center for Medical Education (SEMCME) is a consortium of teaching hospitals in the Greater Detroit metropolitan area. SEMCME pools its resources for several educational means, including mock oral board examinations. The educational and cost benefits to mock oral examinations on a multi-institutional basis in preparation for the American Board of Surgery (ABS) certifying examination were analyzed. Ten-year multi-institution data from the mock oral examinations were correlated with ABS certifying examination pass rates. Mock oral examination scores were available for 107 of 147 graduates, which included 12 candidates who failed their certifying examination on the first attempt (pass rate = 89%). Four of 31 examinees who had a low score (4.9 or less) in their mock oral exams failed their certifying examination in their first attempt. The cost of running the mock examination was low (approximately $35/resident for 50 residents). When graduates from the last 10 years were surveyed, the majority of respondents believed that the mock oral examination helped in their success and with their preparation for the certifying examination. Thus, the many benefits of administering the examination with the resources of a consortium of hospitals result in the accurate reproduction of real-life testing conditions with reasonable overall costs per resident.

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