Laboratory Activity of Spinosad on Non-Target Beneficial Arthropods, 1994

J. R. Schoonover; L. L. Larson

doi:10.1093/amt/20.1.357

Soil Nitrogen Movement under Sustainable Vegetable Production Systems

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.494f ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 494f-495 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amy M. Johnson ◽

Greg D. Hoyt

Keyword(s):

Pest Management ◽

Soil Nitrogen ◽

Conservation Tillage ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

Plant Diseases ◽

Vegetable Production ◽

Beneficial Arthropods ◽

Weed Species ◽

Available Nitrogen

An experiment was established to determine the effect of different tillage practices, vegetable crop rotations, and pest management strategies on crop yield, plant diseases, pest and beneficial arthropods, weed species changes over time, and soil environmental consequences. This poster describes nitrogen movement from the various treatments over a 3-year rotation. The treatments are: 1) conventional tillage with chemically based IPM; 2) conventional tillage with biologically based IPM; 3) conservation tillage with chemically based IPM; 4) conservation tillage with biologically based IPM; and 5) conventional tillage with no fertilizer or pest management. Mid-season soil analyses with depth showed chemical-fertilized plowed and conservation-tilled treatments with more soil available nitrogen at most depths compared to the biological-based IPM systems (soybean meal was used as a nitrogen source). However, the biological-based systems did supply enough soil nitrogen to produce similar yield results as the chemical-based systems. Less soil nitrate was measured in the 30- to 90-cm depths at harvest from the biological-based systems than chemical-based systems. Conservation-tilled systems had greater nitrate with depth compared to conventional-tilled systems.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of Two Formulations of Chlorantraniliprole as Maize Protectants for the Management of Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae)

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12030194 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 194

Author(s):

Maria C. Boukouvala ◽

Nickolas G. Kavallieratos

Keyword(s):

Insect Pests ◽

Management Tool ◽

Prostephanus Truncatus ◽

Beneficial Arthropods ◽

Progeny Production ◽

Exposure Interval ◽

Low Toxicity ◽

Wood Boring ◽

Effective Compound ◽

Overall Mortality

The larger grain borer, Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae) is one of the most destructive insect pests of stored maize and dried tubers of cassava, and a wood-boring species. In the present study, we examined two chlorantraniliprole formulations, WG (wettable granule) with 350 g/kg active ingredient (a.i.) and SC (suspension concentrate) with 200 g/L a.i., as maize protectants against P. truncatus adults. Chlorantraniliprole formulations were applied as solutions at 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 ppm, and tested at 20, 25 and 30 °C. Both formulations performed similarly. After 7 days of exposure, the overall mortality provided by both formulations was very low (<17%). Seven days later, mortality was remarkably increased on maize treated with 1 and 10 ppm at 25 and 30 °C for both formulations. The highest mortality was noted in chlorantraniliprole WG, at 10 ppm and 30 °C (98.9%), followed by chlorantraniliprole SC (96.1%), at the same dose and temperature. WG formulation was more effective at 10 ppm and 25 °C (92.8%) than SC formulation (89.4%). No progeny production was noted on maize treated with the WG formulation at 20 and 30 °C. The SC formulation caused complete offspring suppression at 10 ppm at all three tested temperatures. The results of the present work indicate that chlorantraniliprole is an effective compound with a high insecticidal activity against T. truncatus on stored maize that depends on temperature, dose and exposure interval. The fact that chlorantraniliprole is a broad-spectrum insecticide, exhibiting low toxicity to mammals and beneficial arthropods, could be a valuable management tool in storage facilities.

Download Full-text

Benefits of Using the Invertebrate Model Organism C. Elegans in an Inquiry-Based Laboratory Activity

Teaching of Psychology ◽

10.1177/00986283211029649 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 009862832110296

Author(s):

Angy J. Kallarackal

Keyword(s):

American Psychological Association ◽

Model Organism ◽

Learning Goals ◽

Research Skills ◽

Final Exam ◽

Laboratory Activity ◽

Writing Ability ◽

C Elegans ◽

Invertebrate Model ◽

Laboratory Experiences

Background: The goals of laboratory experiences include developing knowledge base, research skills, and scientific communication abilities. Objective: The aim was to assess an inquiry-based laboratory activity using the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans in relation to learning goals. Method: Students in a Biopsychology laboratory course worked in groups to test the effect of various drugs (e.g., nicotine, ethanol, fluoxetine, and melatonin) on C. elegans behavior. The activity included literature review, experimental design, and a final lab report. A cumulative final exam included a synaptic communication question related to the content of the activity. Results: Students showed better retention of laboratory-related content compared to other topics from the course, as demonstrated through performance on the final exam and were able to replicate previous research demonstrating effects of drug on locomotion. However, students did not improve writing ability compared to performance on a previous American Psychological Association style lab report. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that using a student-designed, multi-week laboratory assignment in an undergraduate Biopsychology course supports the growth of psychology knowledge and the development of research skills. Teaching Implications: Instructors should consider using the described laboratory activity for biopsychology or behavioral neuroscience classes or consider similarly designed laboratory formats for other courses in Psychology.

Download Full-text

Laboratory Activity during COVID- 19 as a “Virtual Experience”: Restriction or Chance?

2020 17th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals & Devices (SSD) ◽

10.1109/ssd49366.2020.9364113 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Santhosh Kurukunda ◽

Carlo Trigona ◽

Salvatore Baglio

Keyword(s):

Laboratory Activity ◽

Virtual Experience

Download Full-text

Control of Helicoverpa zea in Tomatoes with Chlorantraniliprole Applied Through Drip Chemigation

Plant Health Progress ◽

10.1094/php-2009-0407-01-rs ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 21 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Thomas P. Kuhar ◽

James F. Walgenbach ◽

Hélène B. Doughty

Keyword(s):

North Carolina ◽

Helicoverpa Zea ◽

Field Trials ◽

Single Application ◽

Beneficial Arthropods ◽

Worker Exposure ◽

Anthranilic Diamide ◽

Mammalian Toxicity ◽

Tomato Fruitworm ◽

Reduced Risk

Chlorantraniliprole (=Rynaxypyr) is a novel anthranilic diamide insecticide that is of interest to vegetable growers because of its low mammalian toxicity and systemic properties. Field trials were conducted between 2006 and 2008 in North Carolina and Virginia to test the efficacy of chlorantraniliprole as a drip chemigation treatment on tomatoes. Drip chemigation of chlorantraniliprole at various rates and intervals significantly reduced the percentage of tomatoes damaged by tomato fruitworm (Helicoverpa zea) comparable to that typically achieved from multiple foliar applications of insecticides. The best control was achieved with two applications of chlorantraniliprole at 0.074 kg ai/ha, or a single application at 0.099 kg ai/ha. Residual ingestion bioassays showed that chlorantraniliprole was effectively taken up by the roots and was active in leaves up to 66 days after treatment (DAT), active in blossoms up to 22 DAT, but was not active in fruit. Drip chemigation of chlorantraniliprole may offer several advantages over foliar applications, including ease of application, reduced pesticide input into the environment, reduced worker exposure to pesticides, and reduced risk to beneficial arthropods. Accepted for publication 14 January 2010. Published 7 April 2010.

Download Full-text