Apparent ruminal degradation and rumen escape of soluble nitrogen fractions in grass and grass silage administered intraruminally to lactating dairy cows1

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (10) ◽  
pp. 2704-2716 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Volden ◽  
L. T. Mydland ◽  
V. Olaisen
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fractions ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Ruminal Degradation

scholarly journals Ruminal metabolism of grass silage soluble nitrogen fractions

2018 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 279-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ahvenjärvi ◽  
M. Vaga ◽  
A. Vanhatalo ◽  
P. Huhtanen
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fractions ◽  
Grass Silage

The effect of animal species on the ruminal degradation of dry matter and nitrogen fractions in urea-treated whole-crop wheat

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 326-328
Author(s):  
A. T. Adesogan ◽  
A. L. Abdalla ◽  
M. S. Dhanoa ◽  
D. I. Givens ◽  
E. Owen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Nitrogen Fractions ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Food Composition Tables ◽  
Ruminal Degradation ◽  
Target Rates

At maintenance at least, the whole tract digestibility of several foods in sheep and cattle is similar, consequently much of the information on the nutritive value of dairy cow foods in food composition tables is derived from studies conducted in sheep. However, Adesogan (1996) reported that in whole-crop wheat (WCW), starch digestibility is higher in sheep than in dairy cows. This study examined the validity of using sheep to model the ruminal degradation of WCW in cows by comparing the degradability of dry matter (DM) and nitrogen (N) of urea-treated WCW in both species.Winter wheat (cv.Hussar) was harvested at 540 g DM per kg and conserved following urea application at target rates of 20 or 40g/kg DM (WCW2 and WCW4 respectively). The degradability of the forages was examined in dairy cows given 6 kg dairy concentrate and grass silagead libitumand in wethers given 2.4 kg/day of grass silage supplemented with 0.36kg/day of rolled, mineralized barley.

VARIETAL DIFFERENCES IN BARLEYS AND MALTS: VI. AUTOLYTIC PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF MALT AND ITS CORRELATIONS WITH WORT NITROGEN AND BARLEY NITROGEN FRACTIONS

1939 ◽  
Vol 17c (8) ◽  
pp. 239-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Alan Ayre ◽  
J. Ansel Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Malting Quality ◽  
Soluble Nitrogen ◽  
Varietal Differences ◽  
Nitrogen Fractions ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
Average Activity

The proteolytic activity of 144 samples of malt, representing 12 varieties grown at 12 experimental stations in Canada, was determined by an autolytic method. Certain varieties differed widely in average activity (Olli, 291; O.A.C. 21, 235; and Wisconsin 38, 150 units), those of poor malting quality tending to give low values. The spread between station means was also large (Beaverlodge, 284; and Nappan, 149 units).The correlations between proteolytic activity, barley nitrogen fractions, total barley nitrogen, and wort nitrogen (data given in an earlier paper), were also studied. Intra-varietal partial correlations independent of total nitrogen, between proteolytic activity and nitrogen fractions, were all insignificant. Corresponding inter-varietal partial correlations were insignificant for insoluble and alcohol-soluble nitrogen, but highly significant for salt-soluble barley nitrogen and wort nitrogen. A close inter-varietal relation was found between proteolytic activity and salt-soluble barley nitrogen, and it was impossible to demonstrate that these two properties influenced wort nitrogen independently.

scholarly journals KINETIC PARAMETERS OF RUMINAL DEGRADATION OF MARANDU GRASS SILAGE SUPPLEMENTED WITH BREWER´S GRAIN

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele de J Ferreira ◽  
Anderson de M Zanine ◽  
Rogério de P Lana ◽  
Alexandre L de Souza ◽  
Fagton M Negrão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Ruminal Degradation

Effect of supplementary energy and protein feeding on the true digestion of grass-silage organic matter, cell walls and nitrogen estimated by the combined synthetic-fibre-bag method in cows

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 671-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuomo Varvikko ◽  
Aila Vanhatalo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Rumen Degradation ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Intestinal Digestion ◽  
Ruminal Degradation ◽  
The Individual

Four ruminally and duodenally cannulated non-lactating Finnish Ayrshire cows were used in a balanced 4 × 4 Latin square to study the effect of different concentrate supplements on the true partial and total-tract digestion (TTD) of grass silage, estimated by using the combined rumen-bag-intestinal-bag method. The cows were fed, at maintenance level, grass silage alone or supplemented with good-quality ground barley, ground barley and rapeseed meal, or ground barley and soybean meal. The determination of the proportion of grass silage degraded in the rumen (RD) was based on disappearance of feeds from nylon bags during the rumen incubation as a function of time, using the outflow rate of k = 0.0625. The intestinal digestion (ID) was estimated by the mobile-bag method with the residues that resisted degradation during the 16-h rumen incubation. Combination of these two was calculated to provide the TTD. Concentrate supplementation always caused a clear and consistent decline in rumen degradation and TTD of organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and Kjeldahl-N of grass silage but had no real influence on its ID. The type of concentrate, however, had only little effect. The average TTD of NDF was 16% lower than that of OM, but TTD of N was always very much higher than the respective value for OM. The results indicate that concentrate supplementation decreases the total-tract digestion of OM, cell walls and nitrogen of grass silage owing to impaired ruminal degradation. The combined bag method appears a convenient tool to provide digestion coefficients close to the true feed digestion of the individual feeds. Key words: Grass silage, nylon bag, mobile bag, combined bag, ruminal degradation, intestinal digestion, true digestion

VARIETAL DIFFERENCES IN BARLEYS AND MALTS: I. NITROGEN DISTRIBUTION AMONG PROTEIN FRACTIONS OF BARLEY

1938 ◽  
Vol 16c (9) ◽  
pp. 377-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ansel Anderson ◽  
C. Alan Ayre
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Malting Quality ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Soluble Nitrogen ◽  
Insoluble Protein ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Distribution ◽  
Varietal Differences ◽  
Nitrogen Fractions

Determinations of total nitrogen and nitrogen fractions were made on 144 samples of barley representing 12 varieties grown at each of 12 widely separated experimental stations in Canada.A highly significant positive correlation between alcohol-soluble protein nitrogen and total nitrogen was found both within and between varieties. No correlation between total nitrogen and other nitrogen fractions was found between varieties; but significant positive correlations were found within varieties, that for insoluble protein nitrogen being considerably higher than those for total salt-soluble nitrogen, salt-soluble protein nitrogen, and non-protein nitrogen. With increasing total nitrogen, the proportion in salt-soluble form decreases, that in alcohol-soluble form increases, and that in insoluble form remains relatively constant. The results thus offer further support for Bishop's "Protein regularity principle".Mean varietal differences were found with respect to each nitrogen fraction, but elucidation of differences in nitrogen distribution patterns was complicated by the effect of varietal differences in total nitrogen content. Statistical analyses demonstrated the validity of eliminating this effect by adjusting varietal means for fractions to values corresponding to equal total nitrogen contents. When this was done it was found: that the three two-rowed varieties (Charlottetown 80, Hannchen, and Victory) were higher in alcohol-soluble protein nitrogen and lower in insoluble protein nitrogen than any of the six-rowed varieties; and that the four smooth-awned six-rowed varieties (Nobarb, Regal, Velvet, and Wisconsin 38) were lower in total salt-soluble nitrogen and higher in insoluble nitrogen than any of the rough-awned six-rowed varieties (O.A.C. 21, Mensury, Ott. 60, Olli, Peatland, and Pontiac). Owing to the variation between varieties within classes, and the small number of varieties studied, the average differences between the three classes are not statistically significant. Nevertheless, since by comparison with the rough-awned six-rowed varieties, the two-rowed varieties yield higher malt extracts, and the four smooth-awned varieties yield lower malt extracts and are lower in enzymatic activity, the indications of a possible relation between nitrogen distribution and malting quality are interesting.

NITROGEN DETERMINATION IN WHEAT LEAVES

1950 ◽  
Vol 28c (6) ◽  
pp. 745-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. A. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Soluble Nitrogen ◽  
Mercuric Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Fractions ◽  
Nitrogen Determination ◽  
Satisfactory Method ◽  
Kjeldahl Method ◽  
Wheat Leaves

A survey of the more promising modifications of the Kjeldahl method for nitrogen determination indicates that the method using mercuric oxide as the catalyst as recommended by the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists is the most satisfactory. However small discrepancies were found when this method was applied to wheat leaves fractionated into soluble and protein (actually coagulable and indiffusible) nitrogen fractions. This method includes all the nitrate nitrogen in wheat leaves together with the organic nitrogen even when no pretreatment with salicylic acid is used. A simple and satisfactory method of separating coagulable and indiffusible nitrogen from soluble nitrogen in wheat leaves and seedlings is described.

Studies on the soluble nitrogen content of dried samples of grass silage

1950 ◽  
Vol 40 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 50-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. John ◽  
G. Barnett ◽  
T. B. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Potential Usefulness ◽  
Soluble Nitrogen ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
The Relationship

1. The relationship between the soluble nitrogen content (soluble nitrogen/total nitrogen) of samples of dried silage and the pH of the corresponding wet samples has been investigated. It has been shown that a relationship exists between the two, and that when Ns/Nd is high the pH is low and vice versa. Moreover, the product Ns/Nd × d.m. is also related to the pH.2. Again it has been shown that the ratio Ns/Nd bears a relationship to the digestibility of the silage as measured by the Wedemeyer Method in the laboratory. The potential usefulness of the ratio in this connexion is being further investigated.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Utilization of Water-soluble and Non-water-soluble Nitrogen of Grass Silage in Sheep

1975 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 347-352
Author(s):  
Hiroshi FUJITA ◽  
Kazuyoshi KATSUMATA
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Nitrogen ◽  
Grass Silage
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