Vegetative growth and cluster development in Shiraz grapevines subjected to partial root-zone cooling

Carbofuran, oxamyl, aldicarb and fenamiphos treatments were tested for control of grape phylloxera [Daktulosphaira vitifolii (Fitch)] on ungrafted Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines in central Victoria. All insecticides were applied as granular formulations to the root zone of grapevines. Oxamyl was also tested as a foliar spray. Carbofuran was the most effective treatment, although aldicarb and oxamyl reduced phylloxera populations at some sampling periods. Fenamiphos did not control phylloxera. Vegetative growth, yield and root mass of infested grapevines declined during the 3 years of the experiment. In the third year, carbofuran- treated vines had significantly (P=0.05) greater fruit yield and more vegetative growth than control vines, but were performing poorly in relation to yields expected from uninfested vines. It is concluded that carbofuran treatment combined with optimum viticultural management may delay or reduce the decline of phylloxera infested grapevines. However, replanting with vines grafted to resistant rootstocks is a preferable long-term solution.

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Growth, Yield, and Water Use Responses of Peach to Repeated Root Pruning in a Sub-humid Climate

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.30.3.543 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 543-546

Author(s):

D.M. Glenn ◽

S.S. Miller

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Water Use ◽

Tree Growth ◽

Water Availability ◽

Vegetative Growth ◽

Prunus Persica ◽

Root Zone ◽

Lateral Spread ◽

Soil Water Availability ◽

Root Pruning

The objectives of this 7-year study were to determine the effect of repeated root pruning and irrigation on peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) tree growth and soil water use. Root pruning began in the year of planting. Peach trees trained to a freestanding “Y” were root-pruned at flowering for 4 years (1985 to 1988) and subsequently at flowering and monthly through July for 3 years (1989 to 1991). Irrigation was withheld or applied the full season or only during stage 3 of fruit growth on root-pruned and non-root-pruned trees. Root pruning limited soil water availability throughout most of the growing season when irrigation was withheld; however, when irrigation was applied, there was no difference in soil water availability. The root length density of peach roots was greatest in the 0 to 30-cm depth, was promoted by irrigation, and was reduced by root pruning in the 0 to 90-cm root zone. Full-season irrigation increased vegetative growth over the nonirrigated treatments. Root pruning had no effect on vegetative growth measured as fresh pruned material. The treatments had no effect on leaf nutrient content, except that root pruning reduced Zn in five consecutive years. Fruit yield was reduced 1 in 5 years by root pruning, and full-season irrigation reduced yield in 3 of 5 years. Repeated root pruning restricted the lateral spread of the root zone and the use of soil resources, yet on the deep soil of this site, restricting the lateral extent of the root zone did not reduce vegetative tree growth.

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Effects of Water and Nutrient Stresses on Reduction of Vegetative Growth in Chrysanthemum Grown under Restricted Root Zone Volume.

Engei Gakkai zasshi ◽

10.2503/jjshs.70.760 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 70 (6) ◽

pp. 760-766 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Tanjuro Goto ◽

Noriyuki Takaya ◽

Naoko Yoshioka ◽

Yuichi Yoshida ◽

Yoshihiro Kageyama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vegetative Growth ◽

Root Zone

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Response of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Merlot to Low Frequency Irrigation and Partial Root Zone Drying in the Western Cape Coastal Region – Part II. Vegetative Growth, Yield and Quality

South African Journal of Enology and Viticulture ◽

10.21548/32-1-1370 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P.A. Myburgh

Keyword(s):

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Vegetative Growth ◽

Root Zone ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Coastal Region ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

Western Cape ◽

Yield And Quality

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Grapevine fruiting cuttings: validation of an experimental system to study grapevine physiology. I. Main vegetative characteristics

OENO One ◽

10.20870/oeno-one.1998.32.1.1061 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nathalie Ollat ◽

Laurence Geny ◽

Jean-Pierre Soyer

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Solution ◽

Vegetative Growth ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Leaf Growth ◽

Experimental System ◽

Cabernet Sauvignon ◽

Cluster Development ◽

Polyamine Content ◽

Developmental Features ◽

Different Levels

<p style="text-align: justify;">A method for producing fruiting cuttings of grapevine cv. Cabernet Sauvignon is described. The main developmental features of these cuttings are presented. The clusters reach maturity after 5 months and the period of cluster development is not shortened. Before flowering, a careful control of stem and leaf growth improves the partitioning of stored carbon towards the roots and the cluster. Vegetative growth occurs mainly between fruit set and veraison. During ripening, the leaf to fruit ratio is between 20 and 30 cm<sup>2</sup> of leaf area per gram of fruit. In the cuttings as well as in grapevines from the vineyard, free polyamine content in the leafblade does not change during development. Conjugate polyamine content does not evolve in the same way. It peaks at veraison for vineyard leaves but decreases continuously for cuttings. A proper nutrient solution provides a minerai composition in accordance with viticultural requirements. The cuttings also behave like vineyard plants in response to different levels of potassium in the nutrient solution.</p>

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EFFECT OF THE INTERACTION BETWEEN NaCl LEVELS AND ROOT-ZONE TEMPERATURE ON GROWTH AND SEED PRODUCTION OF CUCUMBER.

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.27.6.683f ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 683f-683

Author(s):

Ayman F. Abou-Hadid ◽

Abo-Elfotouh M. Abd-Alla ◽

Richard A. Jones

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Ethylene Production ◽

Vegetative Growth ◽

Free Amino Acids ◽

Free Amino ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Root Zone ◽

Root Zone Temperature ◽

Zone Temperature

Cucumber plants )Cucumis sativa cv. Beta-al-pha) were grown in a glasshouse in pots of sand with 3 NaCl levels in the nutrient solution (0.40 and 60 mM) and placed in four large water baths controlled at different temperatures (13, 18,23, and 28°C). The increase of NaCl levels decreased the vegetative growth, seed yield, and seed quality, while the increase of root zone temperature up to 23C° increased the vegetative growth, seed yield and quality. Whereas, 28°C showed lower effect than 23°C. Ethylene production and the content of proline and free amino acids were increased with increasing NaCl levels. The increase of root zone temperature till 23°C decreased ethylene production, proline, and free amino acids contents. Zero NaCl (as control) obtained with 23°C root zone temperature appeared to be the best for the over-all growth, seed yield and seed quality of cucumber plants.

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Vegetative growth, superoxide dismutase activity and ion concentration of salt-stressed watermelon as influenced by rootstock

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859608007855 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 146 (6) ◽

pp. 695-704 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

SMILJANA GORETA ◽

VILJEMKA BUCEVIC-POPOVIC ◽

GABRIELA VULETIN SELAK ◽

MAJA PAVELA-VRANCIC ◽

SLAVKO PERICA

Keyword(s):

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Vegetative Growth ◽

Root Zone ◽

Citrullus Lanatus ◽

High Water ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Leaf Water Content ◽

Sod Activity ◽

High K

SUMMARYWatermelon is a crop with a high water demand and is frequently grown under conditions of higher than normal root-zone salinity. In the present study, seedlings of watermelon (cv. Fantasy, Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum & Nakai) were grown either ungrafted or grafted on three rootstocks: Strong Tosa, S1 (both Cucurbita maxima×Cucurbita moschata), or Emphasis (Lagenaria siceraria). All the plants were exposed to an NaCl-induced salinity stress (electrical conductivity, EC=2·2, 4·0, or 6·0 dS/m). The vegetative growth of all the plants substantially reduced after 2 weeks of exposure to 6·0 dS/m; however, growth of the plants grafted on Strong Tosa reduced less than that of the others. The leaf water content and specific leaf area (SLA, m2/g) decreased with an increasing salinity in grafted plants, but not in ungrafted plants. Salinity induced an increase of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in grafted plants up to two-fold depending on the rootstock, whereas it had no effect on this enzyme activity in ungrafted plants. Leaf Na+ concentration increased with increasing salinity in ungrafted and S1 grafted plants, whereas there was no significant leaf Na+ accumulation in Emphasis and Strong Tosa grafted plants. Leaf K+ concentration was affected by the rootstock but not by salinity, thus, the ability to keep a high K+/Na+ ratio was achieved mainly by limiting leaf Na+ concentration. The rootstock determined the leaf Cl− accumulation, with lower overall concentrations found if plants were grafted on the S1 rootstock than on Emphasis or ungrafted plants. Salinity significantly decreased the leaf NO3− concentration on Emphasis grafted plants only, while the NO3−/Cl− ratio was reduced in all the rootstocks. The capacity of Strong Tosa to withstand salt stress better than other tested rootstocks was probably due to the ability to induce anatomical adaptation (SLA) and SOD activity in response to salt stress, and also to the efficiency of Na+ exclusion from the shoot.

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