scholarly journals A-064 Executive Functioning in an Acute Pediatric Neurocritical Care Population Recently Discharged from the PICU: Exploring the Associations among Parent Report and Individual Performance Measures

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 854-854
Author(s):  
Holding E ◽  
Bradbury K ◽  
Leonard S ◽  
Turner E ◽  
Williams C ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Neurocritical Care ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Pediatric Neurocritical Care

Abstract Objective An emerging literature has identified that PICU survivors face a host of long-term physical, cognitive, emotional, and psychosocial difficulties that stem from the underlying concern and side effects of critical care intervention. Research shows that executive functioning (EF) is particularly vulnerable to sequelae. This study sought to understand associations between parent-report of daily life EF and performance-based measures following neurocritical care. Method Twenty-three children ages 8–16 (M = 12.66 years; 39% male) were screened as part of an integrated (neuropsychology and pediatric critical care) acute phase (3–6-week post-discharge) follow-up clinic. Injuries included children with traumatic brain injury (n = 19), or acquired brain injury (i.e., anoxic brain injury, AVM, acute cerebellitis, hemorrhagic stroke; n = 4). EF outcomes were assessed using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning, Second Edition (BRIEF-2), Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) Trail Making Test and Verbal Fluency Test, Children’s Memory Scale Digits Backwards, and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fifth Edition (WISC-V) Coding and Symbol Search subtests. Bivariate correlations were used to examine associations among parent-report of EF and performance-based measures of EF in our neurocritical care population. Results Analyses demonstrated significant (□ = .05) correlations between the WISC-V Coding subtest and the BRIEF-2 Shift scale (r = −.44) and Global Executive Composite (GEC; r = −.59). Correlations between D-KEFS Category Fluency and BRIEF-2 Initiate (r = −.51), Working Memory (r = −.44), and GEC (r = −.55) were significant. Inverse correlations demonstrate agreement. Conclusion In the acute recovery phase following neurocritical care, parent-report and specific performance-based measures are only moderately associated, demonstrating the importance of multi-method assessment to detect potential acquired deficits to inform rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Childhood Executive Functioning Predicts Young Adult Outcomes in22q11.2Deletion Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 905-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avery B. Albert ◽  
Tamara Abu-Ramadan ◽  
Wendy R. Kates ◽  
Wanda Fremont ◽  
Kevin M. Antshel
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
22Q11.2 Deletion Syndrome ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Deletion Syndrome ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Adult Outcomes ◽  
Young Adult Outcomes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Performance

AbstractObjective:While individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) are at increased risk for a variety of functional impairments and psychiatric disorders, including psychosis, not all individuals with 22q11DS experience negative outcomes. Efforts to further understand which childhood variables best predict adult functional outcomes are needed, especially those that investigate childhood executive functioning abilities.Methods:This longitudinal study followed 63 individuals with 22q11DS and 43 control participants over 9 years. Childhood executive functioning ability was assessed using both rater-based and performance-based measures and tested as predictors of young adult outcomes.Results:Childhood global executive functioning abilities and parent report of child executive functioning abilities were the most consistent predictors of young adult outcomes. The study group moderated the relationship between child executive functioning and young adult outcomes for several outcomes such that the relationships were stronger in the 22q11DS sample.Conclusion:Rater-based and performance-based measures of childhood executive functioning abilities predicted young adult outcomes in individuals with and without 22q11DS. Executive functioning could be a valuable target for treatment in children with 22q11DS for improving not only childhood functioning but also adult outcomes.(JINS,2018,24, 905–916)

scholarly journals Sleep Measure Validation in a Pediatric Neurocritical Care Acquired Brain Injury Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina M. Poppert Cordts ◽  
Trevor A. Hall ◽  
Mary E. Hartman ◽  
Madison Luther ◽  
Amanda Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Neurocritical Care ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Measure Validation ◽  
Pediatric Neurocritical Care

Neurocritical Care

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven L. Shein ◽  
Robert S. B. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Neurocritical Care ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Neurological Injury ◽  
Proximate Cause ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Pediatric Neurocritical Care ◽  
Improve Patient

Brain injury is the most common proximate cause of death in pediatric intensive care units. For children who survive critical illness, long-standing brain damage and residual brain dysfunction can affect quality of life significantly. Therefore, minimizing neurological injury to improve patient outcomes is a priority of neurocritical care. This may be accomplished by implementing specific targeted therapies, avoiding pathophysiological conditions that exacerbate neurological injury, and using a multidisciplinary team that focuses on contemporary care of children with neurological injury and disease. This chapter reviews pertinent anatomy and physiology; general principles of pediatric neurocritical care; and specifics for caring for children with traumatic brain injury, hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy, status epilepticus, meningitis/encephalitis, stroke, and acute hydrocephalus.

scholarly journals Measuring the Impact of Bilingualism on Executive Functioning Via Inhibitory Control Abilities in Autistic Children.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis Montgomery ◽  
Vasiliki Chondrogianni ◽  
Sue Fletcher-Watson ◽  
Hugh Rabagliati ◽  
Antonella Sorace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Parental Reports ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Language Environment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Important Evidence

A distinct feature of autism is difficulties in several aspects of executive functioning. One factor that may influence how executive functions develop is exposure to more than one language in childhood. This study explored the impact of bilingualism on inhibitory control in autistic (n = 38) and non-autistic children (n = 51). Bilingualism was measured on a continuum of exposure in order to investigate the effects of language environment on two facets of inhibitory control. Results did not show meaningful effects of bilingual exposure on inhibition involving visual attention, but behavioural control of motor impulses was modulated positively through increased bilingual exposure, irrespective of diagnostic status. However, bilingual exposure was not related to parental reports of everyday executive functioning, and there was no correlation between these parent-report data and performance on experimental tasks. The results partially support the hypothesis that bilingual exposure differentially affects components of inhibitory control and provides important evidence for families raising autistic children that bilingualism is not detrimental to their development.

Neuroanaesthesia and neurocritical care

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Prout ◽  
Tanya Jones ◽  
Daniel Martin
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Neurocritical Care ◽  
Cerebral Aneurysms ◽  
Pituitary Surgery ◽  
Secondary Brain Injury ◽  
Shunt Surgery ◽  
Air Embolus

This chapter describes the general conduct of anaesthesia for neurosurgery with particular reference to techniques for reducing intracranial pressure, safe positioning, and recognition and management of air embolus. Management for specific common procedures such as shunt surgery, haematomas, traumatic brain injury and pituitary surgery is described. Neurosurgical conditions such as cerebral aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations may be managed in neuroradiology and the special considerations for the provision of anaesthesia for these cases are detailed. The principles of management of traumatic brain injury in critical care which aim to reduce secondary brain injury are explained.

scholarly journals Long-term Sequelae of Pediatric Neurocritical Care: The Parent Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 07 (04) ◽  
pp. 173-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Eriksson ◽  
Juan Piantino ◽  
Trevor Hall ◽  
Danielle Moyer ◽  
Aileen Kirby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Neurocritical Care ◽  
Barriers To Care ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Medical Providers ◽  
Pediatric Neurocritical Care

AbstractCritical neurologic disease and injury affect thousands of children annually with survivors suffering high rates of chronic morbidities related directly to the illness and to critical care hospitalization. Postintensive care syndrome (PICS) in patients and families encompasses a variety of morbidities including physical, cognitive, emotional, and psychological impairments following critical care. We conducted a focus group study with parents of children surviving pediatric neurocritical care (PNCC) for traumatic brain injury, stroke, meningitis, or encephalitis to determine outcomes important to patients and families, identify barriers to care, and identify potential interventions to improve outcomes. Sixteen parents participated in four groups across Oregon. Three global themes were identified: (1) PNCC is an intense emotional experience for the whole family; (2) PNCC survivorship is a chronic illness; and (3) PNCC has a significant psychological and social impact. Survivors and their families suffer physical, emotional, psychological, cognitive, and social impairments for many years after discharge. Parents in this study highlighted the emotional and psychological distress in survivors and families after PNCC, in contrast to most PNCC research focusing on physical outcomes. Several barriers to care were identified with potential implications on survivor outcomes, including limited pediatric resources in rural settings, perceived lack of awareness of PICS among medical providers, and the substantial financial burden on families. Parents desire improved education surrounding PICS morbidities for families and medical providers, improved communication with primary care providers after discharge, access to educational materials for patients and families, direction to mental health providers, and family support groups to assist them in dealing with morbidities and accessing appropriate resources. Clinicians and researchers should consider the parent perspectives reported here when caring for and evaluating outcomes for children requiring PNCC.

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