scholarly journals A-082 SPECT Cerebral Blood Flow Differences between Self-Reported Low and High Feelings of Pessimism

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 874-874
Author(s):  
Trinidad B ◽  
Stebbins L ◽  
Golden C ◽  
Amen D ◽  
Taylor D ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Symptom Checklist ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Motor Behaviors ◽  
Cognitive Reasoning ◽  
Parietal Lobes ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
High Level ◽  
Increased Blood Flow

Abstract Objective To assess which brain areas, as measured by SPECT, are related to self-reported feelings of pessimism. Method Using a symptom checklist, participants were determined based on their self-reported feelings of pessimism. The participants were part of a large archival de-identified database. A total of 7,661 individuals were categorized into a low level of pessimism group (N = 3,495) and a high level of pessimism group (N = 4,166) who were primarily male (60.7%) with a mean age of 40.00 (SD = 15.69). Participants were placed in their respective groups based on whether their responses fell at or below the 25th percentile or at or above the 75th percentile of the sum of responses that indicated having problems related to pessimism. The two groups were then compared in 17 brain areas at baseline. Results Results from an Independent samples t-test showed mean differences in blood flow. Hyper-perfusion was seen in the group with high level of pessimism in the left Frontal t(7659) = −1.668, p < .007 and bilateral Parietal, left t(7659) = −1.333, p < .001 and right t(7659) = −1.159, p < .013. Conclusion Results indicate that individuals who report high levels of pessimism have an increased blood flow to several areas, increasing behavioral, cognitive, and emotional arousal. The increase of blood flow to the left frontal area suggests an over activation of cognitive reasoning and judgement, inhibiting a clear understanding of feelings of powerlessness and fear. The overwhelming feelings activate bilateral parietal lobes in carrying out motor behaviors to try and reduce feelings of hopelessness and fear.

Vascular responses of dura mater

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (1) ◽  
pp. H157-H161 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Faraci ◽  
K. A. Kadel ◽  
D. D. Heistad
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Dura Mater ◽  
Sympathetic Nerves ◽  
Vascular Headache ◽  
Vascular Responses ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Increased Blood Flow

The goal of this study was to examine vascular responses of the dura mater. Microspheres were used to measure blood flow to the dura and brain in anesthetized dogs. Under control conditions, blood flow to the dura was 38 +/- 3 (SE) ml.min-1.100 g-1. Values for blood flow to the dura obtained with simultaneous injection of 15- and 50-microns microspheres were similar, which suggests that shunting of 15-microns spheres was minimal. Left atrial infusion of substance P (100 ng.kg-1.min-1) and serotonin (40 micrograms.kg-1.min-1), two agonists that have been reported to increase vascular permeability in the dura, increased blood flow to the dura two- to threefold. Adenosine (iv) produced vasodilatation in the dura. Adenosine and serotonin did not affect cerebral blood flow, but substance P increased blood flow to the brain by approximately 40%. Seizures, which produce pronounced dilatation of cerebral vessels despite activation of sympathetic nerves, produced vasoconstriction in the dura. Thus 1) the dura is perfused at a relatively high level of blood flow under normal conditions and is very responsive to vasoactive stimuli, and 2) substance P and serotonin, which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of vascular headache, produce pronounced vasodilator responses in the dura mater.

Diastolic pressure and peripheral resistance during stellate ganglion stimulation

1963 ◽  
Vol 204 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward D. Freis ◽  
Jay N. Cohn ◽  
Thomas E. Liptak ◽  
Aristide G. B. Kovach
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Total Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Stellate Ganglion ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Resistance Vessels ◽  
Left Stellate Ganglion ◽  
Increased Blood Flow

The mechanism of the diastolic pressure elevation occurring during left stellate ganglion stimulation was investigated. The cardiac output rose considerably, the heart rate remained essentially unchanged, and the total peripheral resistance fell moderately. The diastolic rise appeared to be due to increased blood flow rather than to any active changes in resistance vessels.

Tinnitus Impact: Three Different Measurement Tools

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher D. Bauch ◽  
Susan G. Lynn ◽  
Donald E. Williams ◽  
Michael W. Mellon ◽  
Amy L. Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Symptom Checklist ◽  
Tinnitus Handicap Inventory ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Medical Population ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

The impact of tinnitus and overall levels of distress were measured with three assessment tools for patients with tinnitus. The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) and an activities limitations questionnaire were administered to 53 audiology patients reporting tinnitus. Forty-three percent of these patients experienced either quality of life reductions associated with tinnitus, substantial perceived handicap, and/or a high level of distress. Results from the General Severity Index (GSI) of the SCL-90-R indicated that 25% of these patients displayed distress greater than that of the general medical population. The SCL-90-R can be a useful tool for audiologists working with tinnitus patients in assessing needs for referral for psychological or psychiatric counseling.

Increased blood flow to lower limbs after plasma exchange in two patients with familial hypercholesterolemia

1982 ◽  
Vol 41 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 421-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Postiglione ◽  
P. Rubba ◽  
N. Scarpato ◽  
A. Iannuzzi ◽  
M. Mancini
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Plasma Exchange ◽  
Familial Hypercholesterolemia ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Increased Blood Flow

DIAGNOSIS OF OVARIAN CANCER AND ACUTE ENDOMETRITIS BY NETWORK MODELING OF CHANGES IN BLOOD FLOW IN THE PELVIC ARTERIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 88-93
Author(s):  
Виталий Вячеславович Аксёнов ◽  
Николай Михайлович Агарков ◽  
Александра Игоревна Сурнина
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Network Modeling ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
High Level

Заболеваемость раком яичников в России в последнее время остается на высоком уровне. В мире более ста тысяч женщин умирают вследствие протекания данного заболевания. За последнее десятилетие заболеваемость острым эндометритом также неуклонно возрастает. Острый эндометрит обладает полиморфизмом симптомов, лабораторных и ультразвуковых изменений и вследствие этого тяжело поддается диагностике и дифференциальной диагностике. В условиях стационара обследованы 100 пациенток с раком яичников II-III стадии и 90 пациенток с диагнозом острого эндометрита. Им выполнялось ультразвуковое исследование. Полученные результаты подвергались обработке и математико-статистическому анализу, включающему расчёт показателей дезинтеграции, сетевое моделирование, математическое ранжирование. Изучение ультразвуковых изменений кровотока в маточных и яичниковых сосудах и венах у 100 заболевших раком яичников и 90 заболевших острым эндометритом дал возможность выделить ведущие дифференциально-диагностические аспекты. Характеристики дезинтеграции, в одном ряду со средними значениями локального кровотока, объективизируют дифференциацию рака яичников и острого эндометрита. В согласовании с дифференциально-диагностической значимостью ультразвуковых характеристик артериального кровотока в маточных и яичниковых сосудах построена сетевая модель дифференциальной диагностики рака яичников и острого эндометрита по более приоритетным переменам, собственно, что разрешает уменьшить размер и время обследования пациента и постановки верного диагноза The incidence of ovarian cancer in Russia has recently remained at a high level. In the world, more than a hundred thousand women die as a result of the course of this disease. The incidence of acute endometritis has also been steadily increasing over the past decade. Acute endometritis has a polymorphism of symptoms, laboratory and ultrasound changes and, as a result, is difficult to diagnose and differential diagnosis. 100 patients with stage II-III ovarian cancer and 90 patients with acute endometritis were examined in the hospital. They performed an ultrasound examination. The obtained results were processed and subjected to mathematical and statistical analysis, including the calculation of disintegration indicators, network modeling, and mathematical ranking. The study of ultrasound changes in blood flow in the uterine and ovarian vessels and veins in 100 patients with ovarian cancer and 90 patients with acute endometritis made it possible to identify the leading differential diagnostic aspects. The characteristics of disintegration, along with the average values of local blood flow, objectify the differentiation of ovarian cancer and acute endometritis. In accordance with the differential diagnostic significance of the ultrasound characteristics of arterial blood flow in the uterine and ovarian vessels, a network model for the differential diagnosis of ovarian cancer and acute endometritis is constructed according to higher priority changes, which actually allows reducing the size and time of the patient's examination and making the correct diagnosis

Substrate utilization in leg muscle of men after heat acclimation

1987 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Kirwan ◽  
D. L. Costill ◽  
H. Kuipers ◽  
M. J. Burrell ◽  
W. J. Fink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Muscle Glycogen ◽  
Respiratory Exchange Ratio ◽  
Plasma Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Heat Acclimation ◽  
Substrate Utilization ◽  
Acclimation Period ◽  
Glycogen Utilization ◽  
Leg Muscle ◽  
Increased Blood Flow

Eight men were heat acclimated (39.6 degrees C and 29.2% rh) for 8 days to examine changes in substrate utilization. A heat exercise test (HET), (cycling for 60 min; 50% maximal O2 consumption) was performed before (UN-HET) and after (ACC-HET) the acclimation period. Muscle glycogen utilization (67.0 vs. 37.6 mmol/kg wet wt), respiratory exchange ratio (0.85 +/- 0.002 vs. 0.83 +/- 0.001), and calculated rate of carbohydrate oxidation (75.15 +/- 1.38 vs. 64.80 +/- 1.52 g/h) were significantly reduced (P less than 0.05) during the ACC-HET. Significantly lower (P less than 0.05) femoral venous glucose (15, 30, and 45 min) and lactate (15 min) levels were observed during the ACC-HET. No differences were observed in plasma free fatty acid (FFA) and glycerol concentrations or glucose, lactate and glycerol arteriovenous uptake/release between tests. A small but significant increase (P less than 0.05) above resting levels in FFA uptake was observed during the ACC-HET. Leg blood flow was slightly greater (P greater than 0.05) during the ACC-HET (4.64 +/- 0.13 vs. 4.80 +/- 0.13 l/min). These findings indicate a reduced use of muscle glycogen following heat acclimation. However, the decrease is not completely explained by a shift toward greater lipid oxidation or increased blood flow.

scholarly journals The Efficiency of Synthetic Sex Pheromones in Sexual Arousal Stimulation in Domestic Dogs

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dzięcioł ◽  
W. Niżański ◽  
T. Jezierski ◽  
A. Szumny ◽  
E.J. Godzińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Sexual Arousal ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Sex Pheromones ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Behavioral Arousal ◽  
Sexual Stimulation ◽  
Penile Artery ◽  
Increased Blood Flow ◽  
Stimulation Of

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of synthetic bitch sex pheromones (Eau’ De Estrus®, Synbiotics USA) for the stimulation of the reproductive reflexes in adult male dogs. In experiment I: anoestral bitches were applied synthetic (n=6) or natural (n=6) pheromones and their attractiveness was compared to the attractiveness of bitches in natural oestrus, In experiment II: swabs socked in natural estrual discharge or Eau D’Estrus were presented to male dogs and behavioral arousal (Exp. II a) and changes in blood flow in the penile artery reflecting erection (Exp. II b) were recorded. In experiment III the time dedicated for sniffing in experimental dogs was analyzed in relation to the type of attractant presented (natural estrual discharge or Eau D’Estrus). In all three experiments we observed the signs of sexual arousal, increased blood flow in the penile artery and increased time of sniffing only with natural pheromones. No signs of excitation or changes in penis perfusion were noted after the use of artificial pheromones. Our results did not support the suitability of Eau D’Estrus for male dog sexual stimulation.

Anticipation causes increased blood flow to the anterior cingulate cortex

1996 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Murtha ◽  
Howard Chertkow ◽  
Mario Beauregard ◽  
Ron Dixon ◽  
Alan Evans
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Increased Blood Flow

Role of adenosine in postprandial and reactive hyperemia in canine jejunum

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (4) ◽  
pp. G487-G493 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Sawmiller ◽  
C. C. Chou
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Adenosine Deaminase ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Concentration Difference ◽  
Adenosine Concentration ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Increased Blood Flow

The role of adenosine in postprandial jejunal hyperemia was investigated by determining the effect of placement of predigested food into the jejunal lumen on blood flow and oxygen consumption before and during intra-arterial infusion of dipyridamole (1.5 microM arterial concn) or adenosine deaminase (9 U/ml arterial concn) in anesthetized dogs. Neither drug significantly altered resting jejunal blood flow and oxygen consumption. Before dipyridamole or deaminase, food placement increased blood flow by 30-36%, 26-42%, and 21-46%, and oxygen consumption by 13-22%, 21-22%, and 26-29%, during 0- to 3-, 4- to 7-, and 8- to 11-min placement periods, respectively. Adenosine deaminase abolished the entire 11-min hyperemia, whereas dipyridamole significantly enhanced the initial 7-min hyperemia (45-49%). Both drugs abolished the initial 7-min food-induced increase in oxygen consumption. Dipyridamole attenuated (14%), whereas deaminase did not alter (28%), the increased oxygen consumption that occurred at 8-11 min. Adenosine deaminase also prevented the food-induced increase in venoarterial adenosine concentration difference. In separate series of experiments, luminal placement of food significantly increased jejunal lymphatic adenosine concentration and release. Also, reactive hyperemia was accompanied by an increase in venous adenosine concentration and release. This study provides further evidence to support the thesis that adenosine plays a role in postprandial and reactive hyperemia in the canine jejunum.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document