scholarly journals Maternal Social Support Is Associated with Child Complementary Feeding, and Household Food Security in the Vakinankaratra Region, Madagascar

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 855-855
Author(s):  
Joel Komakech ◽  
Hasina Rakotomanana ◽  
Christine Walters ◽  
Deana Hildebrand ◽  
Barbara Stoecker
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Maternal Social Support

Abstract Objectives There is limited research on the associations between maternal social support and household food security and child feeding practices in Madagascar. Our study examined the association between maternal social support, household food security, and feeding practices among mothers of children 6 - 24 months in the Vakinankaratra region, Madagascar. Methods This cross-sectional study included 344 mother-child dyads. The Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Social Support Index was used for maternal social support scores. A mean score of >4 was considered optimal social support with ≤2 as none or little support. Food insecurity scores were determined using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS). Complementary feeding practices were assessed using the World Health Organization (WHO) IYCF guidelines. Logistic and linear regression models tested the association between social support, complementary feeding practices, and household food insecurity. The models were adjusted for household, maternal and child confounders. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results Almost half of the mothers (49.1%) were supported by their spouses, although only 37.8% of mothers had optimal social support. Less than half of infants (36.34%) met minimum dietary diversity (≥4 of 7 food groups). Mothers with optimal social support had lower household food insecurity (b = −0.85, P = 0.016, R,2 = 0.10) in the adjusted models. Furthermore, children of mothers with higher social support were more likely to meet minimum dietary diversity scores (AOR = 2.36 [1.21–4.56], P = 0.021) and to achieve the minimum adequate diet (AOR = 2.32 [1.17–4.61], P = 0.018). Although maternal social support was significantly associated with child minimum meal frequency in the bivariate analysis, it became nonsignificant in the final adjusted model (AOR = 1.70 [0.93–3.11], P = 0.387). Conclusions Increased maternal social support was significantly associated with household food security, child dietary diversity, and diet adequacy. Integrating parental peer support in nutrition interventions may be effective in improving food security, and child feeding practices in the Vakinankaratra region of Madagascar. Funding Sources This study was funded by Oklahoma State University.

scholarly journals Rural and Urban Differences in Household Food Insecurity and Diet Diversity of Preschool Children (PSC) in Occidental Mindoro

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Leonard G. Dela Luna ◽  
Ernani R. Bullecer
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Rural And Urban

Objective. Rural and urban differences affect food availability, accessibility, and sustainability; thus, it has a greatimpact on household food security and dietary diversity. The relationship between the human environment andother factors threatens different domains of food systems resulting in food security. The objective of this study isto determine significant differences between the prevalence of household food security and diet diversity betweenurban and rural communities in Occidental Mindoro. Specifically, to determine the pattern of usual food intake ofpreschool children between rural and urban communities Methods. This study utilized a comparative, cross-sectional, analytic study design in order to determine theprevalence of each variable of interest in the two study areas. Radimer-Cornell Tool was utilized to assess the foodsecurity status of the household while the FAO-Dietary Diversity Score Questionnaire was used to the diversityof diet among PSC. A total of 480 (rural: n=240; urban: n=240) preschool children were recruited to participatein this study. Ratio and proportion using the point and interval estimate were used to determine the prevalencein different areas, meanwhile, chi-square of homogeneity was used to determine significant difference in the twoareas under study. Results. Food insecurity in rural communities was found to be at 56.25% (95% CI: 49.97% to 62.53%) while theprevalence in urban communities was 45.83% (95% CI: 39.53% to 52.14%). There was a significant differencein the prevalence of household food insecurity between rural and urban communities (p=0.0224). Meanwhile,the prevalence of less dietary diversity among preschool children in rural communities was 37.08% (95%: 30.97%to 43.19%) and 26.25% (CI: 20.68% to 31.82%) for urban communities. There was a significant differencein prevalence of low dietary diversity score among preschool children between rural and urban communities(p=0.0107). Conclusion. There were significant differences in terms of household food insecurity and less diverse dietbetween two community settings. Higher prevalence in rural areas signifies that there is a need to prioritize thesevulnerable communities in terms of hunger mitigation and nutrition programs. A combination of milk-rice-meat-fishwas observed in the diet of preschool children for both communities however, higher prevalence of less dietarydiversity was detected among rural communities.

scholarly journals Association of Complementary feeding practices and household food insecurity and anthropometric status of children aged 6-23 months old in Kabul city

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gholam Reza Ahrar ◽  
Leila Azadbakht
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Meal Frequency ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Anthropometric Status

Abstract Introduction During the first 1000 days of a child life, appropriate infant feeding practices are fundamental to growth, health and development of a child. Globally only one in six children receive a minimum acceptable diet. In Afghanistan, the status of minimum meal frequency, dietary diversity and acceptable diet were 55%, 23% and 18%, respectively among children aged 6-23 months. This study designed with the aim of determines the association of complementary feeding (CF) indicators and household food insecurity and anthropometric status of Afghan children aged 6-23 months. Methods We were selected 300 children aged 6-23 months old in this cross-sectional study through simple method. Three 24-hour dietary recall were collected for CF practices. Socioeconomic and United State Department of Agriculture (USDA) food security questionnaire were used from interview method and nutritional status was assessed using World Health Organization indicators. Chi-Square analysis were used to determined association between anthropometry of children among different age groups, complementary feeding indicators and household Food insecurity. Independent sample test was used to determined association between nutrient intake and complementary feeding indicators. Results Results showed that 59% of children received timely introduction of CF and Minimum Meal Frequency (MMF), Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) and Minimum Acceptable Diet were met by 87.7%, 44.7% and 42.3%, respectively. Prevalence rate of food insecurity was 90.7%. Result for odds ratio and 95% CI showed there is association between (Length for Age Z-score (LAZ) with MMF), (Weight for Age Z-score (WAZ), Weight for Length Z-score (WLZ) and Length for Age Z-score (LAZ) with MDD and MAD). Result for odds ratio and 95% CI also showed there are significant associations between WAZ, WLZ and LAZ with household food insecurity. Conclusion Household food insecurity and weak complementary feeding make more prevalence of malnutrition.

scholarly journals Magnitude and Factors Associated with Optimal Complementary Feeding Practices among Children Aged 6-23 Months in Bensa District, Sidama Zone, South Ethiopia

1970 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muntasha Birhanu ◽  
Teferi Abegaz ◽  
Rekiku Fikre
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Service Utilization ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Household Food

BACKGROUND: Prevalence of optimal complementary feeding practices are lower than expected. Undernutrition contributes 35% of children mortality. Our study was aimed to assess magnitude and factors associated with optimal complementary feeding practices among children 6-23 months in Bensa Dstrict, Sidama Zone, South Ethiopia, 2016.METHOD: A community based cross sectional study was conducted from January to February 2016 in (8) randomly selected kebles found in Bensa District. Respondents were selected by using simple random sampling technique after sampling frame was prepared from rapid survey. Pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect information. Then, data were entered into SPSS version 20, Then, crude odds ratio (COR) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval were computed to examine statistical significance.RESULT: This study revealed that only 8.6% (95%CI: 6.4, 10.7%) of 6-23 months children had optimal complementary feeding practices. Mother’s knowledge on optimal complementary feeding (AOR=5.4, 95%CI: 2.7, 11), postnatal care service utilization(AOR=3.4, 95%CI: 1.7, 7), and household food security (AOR=5, 95%CI: 2.5, 10.5) were positively associated with optimal complementary feeding practices.CONCLUSION: Mother’s knowledge, postnatal care utilization and household food security positively affected optimal complementary feeding practices.Thus, Bensa District Health Office, Sidama Zone Health Departiment and other respective stakeholders should cooperatively work to enhance knowledge of mothers/care takers on optimal complementary feeding practices, household food security and on advantages of postnatal care service utilization.

scholarly journals Preparing for COVID-19: Household food insecurity and vulnerability to shocks in Nairobi, Kenya

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0259139
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Opiyo Onyango ◽  
Jonathan Crush ◽  
Samuel Owuor
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Multilevel Modelling ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Preparedness Plan ◽  
Household Food ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Social Safety Nets

An understanding of the types of shocks that disrupt and negatively impact urban household food security is of critical importance to develop relevant and targeted food security emergency preparedness policies and responses, a fact magnified by the current COVID-19 pandemic. This gap is addressed by the current study which draws from the Hungry Cities Partnership (HCP) city-wide household food insecurity survey of Nairobi city in Kenya. It uses both descriptive statistics and multilevel modelling using General Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) to examine the relationship between household food security and 16 different shocks experienced in the six months prior to the administration of the survey. The findings showed that only 29% of surveyed households were completely food secure. Of those experiencing some level of food insecurity, more experienced economic (55%) than sociopolitical (16%) and biophysical (10%) shocks. Economic shocks such as food price increases, loss of employment, and reduced income were all associated with increased food insecurity. Coupled with the lack of functioning social safety nets in Nairobi, households experiencing shocks and emergencies experience serious food insecurity and related health effects. In this context, the COVID-19 pandemic is likely to have a major negative economic impact on many vulnerable urban households. As such, there is need for new policies on urban food emergencies with a clear emergency preparedness plan for responding to major economic and other shocks that target the most vulnerable.

scholarly journals Association between Household Food Insecurity and Asthma in Korean Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seo-Hee Park ◽  
Byung-Jin Park ◽  
Dong-Hyuk Jung ◽  
Yu-Jin Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
Household Food

Household food insecurity has been associated with noncommunicable diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between household food insecurity and asthma in Korean adults. Household food security statuses were classified into three groups: Food-secure household, food-insecure household without hunger, and food-insecure household with hunger. The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the presence of asthma according to household food security status were calculated using multiple logistic regression analyses after adjusting for confounding factors. A total of 14,770 participants were included in the analysis. The prevalence of asthma was 2.6% in those with a secure food status, 3.2% in those with an insecure food status without hunger, and 7.6% in those with an insecure food status with hunger (p < 0.001). Compared with that in participants with a household food secure status, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for asthma were 1.12 (0.73–1.73) in those with a food-insecure household without hunger status and 2.44 (1.33–4.46) in those with a food-insecure household with hunger status after additionally adjusting for confounding factors. We found that household food insecurity with hunger was significantly associated with asthma prevalence in Korean adults. Implementation of household food security screening and public health intervention could be helpful to prevent and reduce asthma in adults.

scholarly journals Household Food Insecurity and the Association with Cumulative Biological Risk among Lower-Income Adults: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2007–2010

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy W. Leung ◽  
Megan S. Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Biological Risk ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Household Food

Household food insecurity has been associated with adverse health outcomes; however, the mechanisms underlying these associations are not well-defined. Using data from 5005 adults from the 2007–2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES), we examined associations between household food insecurity and cumulative biological risk, a measure of the body’s physiological response to chronic stress. Household food security was assessed using the 18-item Household Food Security Survey Module. Marginal food security refers to 1–2 positive responses, and food insecurity refers to ≥3 positive responses. The cumulative biological risk scores were calculated based on the distributions of ten biomarkers from the cardiovascular, metabolic, and immune systems. Elevated biological risk was defined as a risk score of ≥3. Multivariable regression models were used to examine associations between food security and cumulative biological risk scores, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics. After multivariable adjustment, food insecurity was associated with a 0.14-unit higher cumulative biological risk score (95% CI 0.05–0.22, p-trend = 0.003) and higher odds of elevated biological risk (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.05–1.37, p-trend = 0.003). These associations differed by gender. Among women, food insecurity was associated with 0.30-unit higher cumulative biological risk score (95% CI 0.14–0.45, p-trend = 0.0004) and higher odds of elevated biological risk (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.29–2.00, p-trend < 0.0001). These associations were not observed in men. Women experiencing food insecurity demonstrated elevated levels of biological risk. These findings support the hypothesis that food insecurity may be associated with women’s chronic health outcomes through the pathway of chronic stress. Further research is needed to understand why these associations were not observed in men.

scholarly journals Maternal resources and household food security: evidence from Nicaragua

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 2915-2924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kammi K Schmeer ◽  
Barbara A Piperata ◽  
Andrés Herrera Rodríguez ◽  
Virgilio Mariano Salazar Torres ◽  
Francisco José Centeno Cárdenas
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Maternal Resources ◽  
Specific Food

AbstractObjectiveWomen (especially mothers) are theorized as critical to reducing household food insecurity through their work and caregiver roles. The present study tests these assumptions, assessing how maternal economic and social resources are associated with food insecurity in households with young children.DesignData from a population-based sample of households was collected in León, Nicaragua (n 443). Data include a newly validated measure of household food insecurity (ELCSA), maternal resource measures, and household economic status and demographics. Regression analysis tests the statistical associations (P<0·05) of maternal resources with household, adult-specific and child-specific food insecurity.SettingMunicipality of León, Nicaragua.SubjectsHouseholds with children aged 3–11 years in rural and urban León.ResultsOnly 25 % of households with young children were food secure, with 50 % mildly food insecure and 25 % moderately/severely food insecure. When mothers contributed substantially to household income, the odds of moderate/severe household food insecurity were 34 % lower than when their spouse/partner was the main provider. The odds of food insecurity were 60 % lower when mothers managed household money, 48 % lower when mothers had a secondary (v. primary) education, 65 % higher among single mothers and 16 % lower with each indicator of social support. Results were similar for adult- and child-specific food insecurity.ConclusionsThis research provides new evidence that maternal economic and social resources are important for reducing household food insecurity and adult- and child-specific food insecurity. Women’s social status, social support and access to economic resources need to be enhanced as a part of policies aimed to reduce food insecurity in high-poverty settings.

scholarly journals Household food insecurity: a systematic review of the measuring instruments used in epidemiological studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 877-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele S Marques ◽  
Michael E Reichenheim ◽  
Claudia L de Moraes ◽  
Marina ML Antunes ◽  
Rosana Salles-Costa
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Standard Form ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Psychometric Studies

AbstractObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review aimed at identifying and characterizing the experience-based household food security scales and to synthesize their psychometric properties.DesignSearch in the MEDLINE, LILACS and SciELO databases, using the descriptors (‘food insecurity’ OR ‘food security’) AND (‘questionnaires’ OR ‘scales’ OR ‘validity’ OR ‘reliability’). There was no limitation on the period of publication. All articles had their titles and abstracts analysed by two reviewers. The studies of interest were read in their entirety and the relevant information extracted using a standard form.ResultsThe initial bibliographic search identified 299 articles. Of these, the 159 that seemed to meet the criteria for inclusion were read fully. After consultation of the bibliographic references of these articles, twenty articles and five documents were added, as they satisfied the previously determined criteria for inclusion. Twenty-four different instruments were identified; all were brief and of easy application. The majority were devised in the USA. Forty-seven references reported results of psychometric studies. The instruments that presented the highest number of psychometric studies were the Core Food Security Measurement/Household Food Security Survey Module (CFSM/HFSSM) and the Self-Perceived Household Food Security Scale.ConclusionsThere are a number of structured scales available in the literature for characterization of household food insecurity. However, despite some psychometric studies already existing about the majority of the instruments, it is observed that, except for the studies of the CFSM/HFSSM, these are still restricted to appraisal of a few aspects of reliability and validity.

scholarly journals Food insecurity among Iraqi refugees living in Lebanon, 10 years after the invasion of Iraq: data from a household survey

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hala Ghattas ◽  
AnnieBelle J. Sassine ◽  
Karin Seyfert ◽  
Mark Nord ◽  
Nadine R. Sahyoun
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Housing Quality ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Iraqi Refugees ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Invasion Of Iraq

Iraqi refugees in Lebanon are vulnerable to food insecurity because of their limited rights and fragile livelihoods. The objective of the present study was to assess household food insecurity among Iraqi refugees living in Lebanon, almost 10 years after the invasion of Iraq. A representative survey of 800 UN High Commissioner for Refugees-registered refugee households in Lebanon was conducted using multi-stage cluster random sampling. We measured food insecurity using a modified US Department of Agriculture household food security module. We collected data on household demographic, socio-economic, health, housing and dietary diversity status and analysed these factors by food security status. Hb level was measured in a subset of children below 5 years of age (n 85). Weighted data were used in univariate and multivariate analyses. Among the Iraqi refugee households surveyed (n 630), 20·1 % (95 % CI 17·3, 23·2) were found to be food secure, 35·5 % (95 % CI 32·0, 39·2) moderately food insecure and 44·4 % (95 % CI 40·8, 48·1) severely food insecure. Severe food insecurity was associated with the respondent's good self-reported health (OR 0·3, 95 % CI 0·2, 0·5), length of stay as a refugee (OR 1·1, 95 % CI 1·0, 1·2), very poor housing quality (OR 3·3, 95 % CI 1·6, 6·5) and the number of children in the household (OR 1·2, 95 % CI 1·0, 1·4), and resulted in poor dietary diversity (P< 0·0001). Anaemia was found in 41 % (95 % CI 30·6, 51·9) of children below 5 years of age, but was not associated with food insecurity. High food insecurity, low diet quality and high prevalence of anaemia in Iraqi refugees living in Lebanon call for urgent programmes to address the food and health situation of this population with restricted rights.

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