Effects of Aleurone Layer Extract From Black Rice (Oryza sativa L.) on Bone Mineral Density and Bone-Related Biomarkers of Ovariectomized Rats (FS14-05-19)

Abstract Objectives Black rice contains functional compounds, including anthocyanins. In a previous study, black rice increased bone mineral density and strength in ovariectomized rats, although its biological effects on bone-related markers have not been evaluated. The aleurone layer of black rice (BRA) contains most of anthocyanins of black rice. This study examined the effects of BRA extract on bone mineral density and bone-related markers of ovariectomized rats. Methods We compared the anthocyanin amount between BRA and whole grain of black rice and evaluated whether BRA extract can effectively improve bone health in ovariectomized rats at 30 mg/kg body weight (BRA30) and 90 mg/kg body weight (BRA90). These amounts are approximately one seventh and one half of the level (200 mg/kg body weight) used in the previous experiments. We compared its effects on bone-related biomarkers with those of isoflavones, which have been used to improve bone health in postmenopausal women. Results The cyanidin 3-glucoside and peonidin-3-glucoside contents in BRA were 7.18 mg/g and 1.79 mg/g, respectively, which are 5.5-fold and 4.2-fold higher than those in the whole grain of black rice. Supplementation with BRA extract significantly decreased body weight compared with the control group of ovariectomized rats not treated with BRA extract. Mineral density of tibia was significantly higher in the BRA90 group than in the control group. The breaking force of tibia and femur and the concentrations of serum and bone calcium were higher in BRA30 and BRA90 than in the control. However, urinary pyridinoline level, serum alkaline phosphatase activity, and parathyroid hormone concentration decreased in the BRA groups compared to the control group. Conclusions The results suggest that BRA has more anthocyanin than whole grain black rice and can improve bone health by modulating bone metabolism and reducing postmenopausal osteoporosis. Furthermore, the BRA extract showed similar or even higher effect on bone-related biomarkers than isoflavones and hence can be used as a good food source to manage bone health of most postmenopausal women. Funding Sources PJ01327901, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences.

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Swim-trained rats have greater bone mass, density, strength, and dynamics

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.2001.91.4.1663 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 91 (4) ◽

pp. 1663-1668 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

K. J. Hart ◽

J. M. Shaw ◽

E. Vajda ◽

M. Hegsted ◽

S. C. Miller

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Bone Structure ◽

Mass Density ◽

Weight Bearing ◽

Femoral Shaft ◽

Ovariectomized Rats ◽

Bone Mass Density ◽

Control Group ◽

Mineral Density

Weight-bearing exercise is traditionally recommended for improving bone health in postmenopausal women. Effects of swim exercise were studied as an alternative to weight-bearing exercise in ovariectomized rats. Rats in a swim group (Sw, n = 8) swam for 12 wk, 5 days/wk for 60 min per session. A control group (Con, n = 9) engaged in no structured exercise. Femurs were analyzed for bone mineral density and for bone mineral content by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, biomechanical properties by three-point bending (Instron), and bone structure and formation by histomorphometry. Food intake did not differ among groups. Final body weights were significantly lower in Sw compared with Con ( P< 0.05). Swimmers had significantly greater femoral shaft bone mineral density and content ( P < 0.05) compared with Con. Femurs of the Sw group had greater mechanical properties ( P< 0.05) compared with Con. Histomorphometric data were significantly better in the Sw group compared with Con after the 12-wk intervention ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, data from this study demonstrate some beneficial effects of swim exercise on bone structure, turnover, and strength.

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The influence of prolactin on bone mineral density (BMD) and some biochemical markers of ovariectomized rats

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/195/2009-cjas ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 55 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 83-88

Author(s):

B. Dolińska ◽

A. Suszka-Świtek ◽

S. Dragan ◽

F. Ryszka ◽

R. Kołacz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Acid Phosphatase ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Biochemical Markers ◽

Ovariectomized Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Osseous Tissue ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Healthy Group

A model of postmenopausal osteoporosis was used in the study. 107 days after ovariectomy the animals were subcutaneously applied 1.0 IU PRL/kg BM or 1.0 IU calcitonin/kg BM for 7 days in single doses. The application of the preparations started again 80 days after the first application. After 194 days the animals were narcotized, blood was collected, and lumbar (L2–L4) and femoral bones were prepared. The material obtained was subjected to densitometric analysis of bone mineral density (BMD). In ovariectomized rats the loss of osseous tissue was observed only in the lumbar bone. The application of prolactin to ovariectomized rats caused an increase in the mineral density of the lumbar bone up to a BMD value equal to that of the control group which had not been subjected to ovariectomy (control healthy group – SHAM). Similar results were obtained in the case of calcitonin. An increase in osteocalcin concentration and activity of isoenzyme alkaline phosphatase (BAL), with a decrease in the activity of isoenzyme acid phosphatase (TRAP) was observed in experimental groups compared to control ones.

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Low Body Weight Mediates the Relationship between HIV Infection and Low Bone Mineral Density: A Meta-Analysis

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2007-1660 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 92 (12) ◽

pp. 4522-4528 ◽

Cited By ~ 101

Author(s):

Mark J. Bolland ◽

Andrew B. Grey ◽

Greg D. Gamble ◽

Ian R. Reid

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Body Weight ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Control Group ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Treatment Practice ◽

Low Bone Mineral Density ◽

Cross Sectional Studies

Abstract Context: HIV infection has been associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) in many cross-sectional studies, although longitudinal studies have not demonstrated accelerated bone loss. The cross-sectional studies may have been confounded by the failure to control for low body weight in HIV-infected patients. Objective: Our objective was to determine whether low body weight might explain the association of HIV infection with low BMD. Data Sources: MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for English language studies published from 1966 to March 2007, and conference abstracts prior to 2007 were hand-searched. Study Selection: All studies reporting BMD and weight or body mass index in adult patients with HIV and a healthy age- and sex-comparable control group were included. Nine of 40 identified studies and one of 68 identified abstracts were eligible. Data Synthesis: We adjusted for the between-groups weight differences using regression coefficients from published cohorts of healthy men and women. On average, HIV-infected patients were 5.1 kg [95% confidence interval (CI), −6.8, −3.4; P < 0.001] lighter than controls. At all skeletal sites, unadjusted BMD was lower by 4.4–7.0% in the HIV-infected groups than the controls (P < 0.01). After adjustment for body weight, residual between-groups differences in BMD were small (2.2–4.7%) [lumbar spine, −0.02 (95% CI, −0.05, 0.01) g/cm2; P = 0.12; total hip, −0.02 (95% CI, −0.04, 0.00) g/cm2; P = 0.031; femoral neck, −0.04 (95% CI, −0.07, −0.01) g/cm2; P = 0.013; and total body, −0.03 (95% CI, −0.07, 0.01) g/cm2, P = 0.11]. Conclusion: HIV-infected patients are lighter than controls and low body weight may largely account for the high prevalence of low BMD reported in HIV-infected patients. However, in the setting of current treatment practice, HIV infection per se is not a risk factor for low BMD.

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Psoralea corylifolia Extract Ameliorates Experimental Osteoporosis in Ovariectomized Rats

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x07005168 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 35 (04) ◽

pp. 669-680 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Meng-Hsiun Tsai ◽

G. Steven Huang ◽

Yao-Ching Hung ◽

Liu Bin ◽

Lung-Te Liao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Body Weight ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Ovariectomized Rats ◽

Calcium Balance ◽

Potential Candidate ◽

Serum Osteocalcin ◽

Psoralea Corylifolia ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Ovx Rats

We evaluated the protective effect of Psoralea corylifolia L. (PCL) extract on the ovariectomized (OVX) rat model. The biochemical markers of bone turnover, calcium metabolism, and calcium balance were examined. PCL extract (25 mg or 50 mg/kg body weight/day) was orally administrated to OVX rats for 3 months. PCL extract did not alter weight gain or uterus weight in OVX rats. PCL extract significantly increased serum Ca (calcium) levels ( p < 0.05, vs. OVX group) as well as decreased urinary Ca excretion ( p < 0.05 vs. OVX group) in OVX rats. The upregulation of serum osteocalcin level by ovariectomy was suppressed by treatment with PCL extract in rats ( p < 0.05, vs. OVX group). PCL extract increased bone mineral density at 50 mg/kg body weight/day in OVX rats ( p < 0.05, vs. OVX group). Our results indicate that orally administrated PCL extract can decrease urinary calcium excretion and decrease serum osteocalcin in OVX rats, resulting in positive effects on bone mineral density as well as bone formation. In conclusion, our studies showed that PCL might be a potential candidate for treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

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Effects of short-term glucocorticoid administration on bone mineral density, biomechanics and microstructure in rats’ femur

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1177/0960327116649674 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 287-294 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Y Chen ◽

L Huang ◽

J Zhu ◽

K Wu

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Body Weight ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Bending Test ◽

Whole Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Short Term ◽

Trabecular Thickness

The effects of short-term use of oral glucocorticoid (GC) on the skeleton are not well defined. To address this gap, the influences of 7 days, 21 days of GC administration on femurs of intact rats were investigated. Forty 4-month-old female Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group (Cont) and prednisone-treated group (Pre) and administered either distilled water or prednisone acetate at doses of 3.5 mg/kg/day for 0, 7 and 21 days, respectively. All the femurs were harvested for dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan, biomechanical testing and micro computed tomography scan. The whole body weight, femur bone mineral density (BMD), all three-point bending test parameters, microstructural parameters increased or improved significantly in Cont at day 21 when compared to day 0. The whole body weight, distal femur BMD, Young’s modulus, bending stiffness, density of tissue volume and trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) decreased, while structure model index and trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) increased significantly in Pre at day 21 when compared to age-matched control but had no significant differences between day 7 and day 21. Our data demonstrate that 7-day use of prednisone does not influence on rats’ femur, and 21-day use of prednisone slows in rate of whole body weight gain, decreases femur metaphysis BMD and bone stiffness which mainly due to the deteriorated bone microstructure.

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Markers of Bone Health, Bone-Specific Physical Activities, Nutritional Intake, and Quality of Life of Professional Jockeys in Hong Kong

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism ◽

10.1123/ijsnem.2016-0176 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 440-446 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Eric Tsz-Chun Poon ◽

John O’Reilly ◽

Sinead Sheridan ◽

Michelle Mingjing Cai ◽

Stephen Heung-Sang Wong

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Hong Kong ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Bone Health ◽

Nutritional Intake ◽

Control Group ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Bone Loading

Weight-making practices, regularly engaged in by horse racing jockeys, have been suggested to impair both physiological and mental health. This study aimed to assess bone health markers, nutritional intake, bone-specific physical activity (PA) habits, and quality of life of professional jockeys in Hong Kong (n = 14), with gender-, age-, and body mass index-matched controls (n = 14). Anthropometric measurements, serum hormonal biomarkers, bone mineral density, bone-specific PA habits, nutritional intake, and quality of life were assessed in all participants. The jockey group displayed significantly lower bone mineral density at both calcanei than the control group (left: 0.50 ± 0.06 vs. 0.63 ± 0.07 g/cm2; right: 0.51 ± 0.07 vs. 0.64 ± 0.10 g/cm2, both ps < .01). Thirteen of the 14 jockeys (93%) showed either osteopenia or osteoporosis in at least one of their calcanei. No significant difference in bone mineral density was detected for either forearm between the groups. The current bone-specific PA questionnaire score was lower in the jockey group than the control group (5.61 ± 1.82 vs. 8.27 ± 2.91, p < .05). Daily energy intake was lower in the jockeys than the controls (1,360 ± 515 vs. 1,985 ± 1,046 kcal/day, p < .01). No significant group difference was found for micronutrient intake assessed by the bone-specific food frequency questionnaire, blood hormonal markers, and quality of life scores. Our results revealed suboptimal bone conditions at calcanei and insufficient energy intake and bone-loading PAs among professional jockeys in Hong Kong compared with healthy age-, gender-, and body mass index-matched controls. Further research is warranted to examine the effect of improved bone-loading PAs and nutritional habits on the musculoskeletal health of professional jockeys.

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Bone health index by hand X-ray compared with bone mineral density by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Bone Abstracts ◽

10.1530/boneabs.7.p91 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jonathan J Bowden ◽

Ramkumar Krishnamurthy ◽

Houchun Hu ◽

Brent Adler ◽

Rajesh Krishnamurthy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy ◽

Muscular Dystrophy ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Bone Health ◽

Dual Energy ◽

Health Index ◽

Mineral Density ◽

X Ray ◽

Bone Health Index

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Bone mineral density: correlation with body weight, height, bone age and insulin-like growth factor

Jornal de Pediatria ◽

10.2223/jped.555 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 73 (4) ◽

Author(s):

José Hugo L. Pessoa ◽

Shlomo Lewin ◽

Carlos A. Longui ◽

Berenice B. Mendonça

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Body Weight ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Bone Age ◽

Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Density Correlation

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Effect of Denosumab on Bone Mineral Density and Markers of Bone Turnover among Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis

Journal of Osteoporosis ◽

10.1155/2016/8738959 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A. Sánchez ◽

L. R. Brun ◽

H. Salerni ◽

P. R. Costanzo ◽

D. González ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Turnover ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Bone Turnover Markers ◽

Control Group ◽

Bone Resorption Marker ◽

Similar Response ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Turnover Markers

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of denosumab (Dmab) on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers after 1 year of treatment. Additionally, the effect of Dmab in bisphosphonate-naïve patients (BP-naïve) compared to patients previously treated with bisphosphonates (BP-prior) was analyzed. This retrospective study included 425 postmenopausal women treated with Dmab for 1 year in clinical practice conditions in specialized centers from Argentina. Participants were also divided according to previous bisphosphonate treatment into BP-naïve and BP-prior. A control group of patients treated with BP not switched to Dmab matched by sex, age, and body mass index was used. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. After 1 year of treatment with Dmab the bone formation markers total alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin were significantly decreased (23.36% and 43.97%, resp.), as was the bone resorption marker s-CTX (69.61%). Significant increases in BMD were observed at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip without differences between BP-naïve and BP-prior. A better BMD response was found in BP-prior group compared with BP treated patients not switched to Dmab.Conclusion. Dmab treatment increased BMD and decreased bone turnover markers in the whole group, with similar response in BP-naïve and BP-prior patients. A better BMD response in BP-prior patients versus BP treated patients not switched to Dmab was observed.

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