scholarly journals Design and simulation of a 1-GWp solar photovoltaic power station in Sudan

Clean Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-78
Author(s):  
Sohaib Nasr Mohamed Abdalla ◽  
Hakan Özcan
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Levelized Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Solar Plant ◽  
Performance Rate ◽  
The City

Abstract Developing nations have a critical need to increase electricity supply. Sudan has much unrealized potential for generating solar energy, particularly in the northern region. This research study focuses on designing a 1-GW solar power station in northern Sudan using the PVsyst7.0 software program. To determine the appropriate location for the solar-energy station, 14 criteria were evaluated. This process is generic and suitable for use in any other country. The method for conducting cash-flow estimates and return on investment is illustrated in the economic evaluation. The city of Dongola, the capital of the northern state, was selected because of its high annual irradiance on a horizontal surface at ~2333.2 kWh/m2. The simulation results show that the annual optimum tilt angle of inclination for photovoltaic (PV) modules is 30°, the energy production is 1 979 259 MWh/yr and the average annual performance rate is 0.810. In addition, the electric power consumption per capita in Sudan is 269 kWh/yr, so the proposed solar power plant with 1 979 259 MWh/yr can provide energy to 7.4 million people per year annually and reduce carbon emissions by ~18 million tons of carbon dioxide per year. Economic calculations show that the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) is $0.06/kWh, the discounted payback period is ~11 years and the net present value is $635 291 000. As a result, the proposed grid-connected PV solar plant is considered economically, technically and environmentally feasible in Sudan.

Sunlight Against Coal

2020 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 134-141
Author(s):  
Konstantin K. Il’kovskij ◽  
◽  
Daniil K. Il’kovskij ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Thermal Coal ◽  
Coal Power ◽  
Installed Capacity ◽  
Development Prospects ◽  
Solar Power Station

The article dwells on the topic of competition between coal and solar energy as types of fuel. The authors provide a comparison of the installed capacity of a virtual solar power station and an existing coal power station located within the land allotment of a coal mine. The development prospects of the coal industry in terms of thermal coal are shown.

Solar Photovoltaic Technology—A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praveen Kumar Mishra ◽  
Prabhakar Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Tropical Zone ◽  
Renewable Power ◽  
Photovoltaic Technology ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Materials Used

With growing the necessity of alternative energy, this demand will be lead to in the interest of solar research in order to extend the properties containing concentration, charge transfer, absorption and charge separation of solar cell devices along with materials. The solar energy are most abundant, infinite, inexhaustible and clean among all the renewable power resources till now. It can be used by various techniques such as making full use of sunlight to directly generate electricity or by using heat from the sun as a thermal energy. The Photovoltaic technologies are one of the best ways to harness the solar power. The aforementioned one script reviews the photovoltaic technology, its power producing efficiency, the different actual light appealing materials used, its substantial prospect as well various its applications. The Photovoltaic (PV) power generation are one of the most promising power generation among others alternative sources. In this literature survey, we summarize the significance of solar photovoltaic power generation. Solar power generation is likely one of the well-known sectors to give a boost to the sustainability of India. Solar power has giant capability in India due to that it lies in tropical zone. The Solar energy are on the pace to become the fastest rising energy sources in human history.

scholarly journals GEOSPATIAL ASSESSMENT FOR PLANNING A SMART ENERGY CITY USING ROOFTOP SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC IN BANDUNG CITY, INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol XLIV-M-3-2021 ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
K. T. N. Ihsan ◽  
A. D. Sakti ◽  
K. Wikantika
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
The World ◽  
The City ◽  
Rooftop Solar

Abstract. Increasing the production of clean and environmentally friendly energy has become one of the world agendas as a strategic effort in dealing with long-term climate change. Seeing the potential of the energy produced, the ease in the installation process, with the small risk of harm generated, solar energy has received significant attention from many countries in the world. The potential for solar energy in Indonesia alone reaches 207 GWp, but only 145.81 MWp has been utilized. Currently, the Indonesian government has set a target to build a Solar Power Plant capacity in 2025 of 6.5 GWh. Urban areas are areas with higher energy demand than rural areas, but the availability of vacant land in urban areas is very minimal for installing solar power plants. Therefore, rooftop solar PV(Photovoltaic) can be a solution in dense areas such as cities. Good planning by looking at the potential resources and energy needs in spatial is needed to manage and utilize energy optimally and sustainably in urban areas. This study aims to develop a geospatial assessment for plan smart energy city that uses rooftop solar PV's potential energy in every building that is effective and efficient. The novelty in the analysis of the distribution of the potential for rooftop solar PV development in urban areas integrates meteorological and spatial aspects and socio-economic aspects. Integration of multi-dynamic spatial data uses in determining the rooftop solar PV construction location, such as meteorological data for solar energy potential, increasing energy needs of each building, and socio-economy data. The data source used comes from statistical data and remote sensing data. The analysis will be carried out temporally (2008, 2013, and 2018) to see the pattern of changes in aspects used in a certain period so that the development plan can be carried out more optimally. This research's output is the formation of a priority analysis of solar PV rooftop construction in urban areas, especially the city of Bandung. The result of energy can also produce by the construction of rooftop solar PV in a potential area. This research is expected to be utilized by policymakers to develop renewable energy in the city of Bandung and increase community participation in switching to renewable energy.

scholarly journals Analysis of the requrements for installing photovoltaic systems in order to achieve improved performances: Case study of the City of Nis

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
Marija Stamenkovic ◽  
Snezana Antolovic ◽  
Dragan Kostic ◽  
Mihailo Mitkovic
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Renewable Energies ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Solar Plant ◽  
Sustainable Electricity ◽  
The City

The use of renewable energies is imperative nowadays. One of the ways to use clean technologies is installation of photovoltaic systems which convert solar energy into electricity, through solar plants. The country?s potential for usage of solar energy is determined by the analysis of climatic conditions. The research is conducted on the example of a small-scale solar plant - a pilot project installed in the city of Nis, concerning the analysis of the mounted system and giving the recommendations for their design with the aim of improving efficient energy use. Limitations in the installation of solar plants can occur in the case of an unfavorable position of the building where the installation is planned, and more often, the limitations are related to the investment costs and length of the repayment period of these kinds of technologies. This paper represents a promotion of sustainable electricity supply for our country and it is in correlation with the legal directives of using renewable energies.

scholarly journals Optimal Solar Plant Site Identification Using GIS and Remote Sensing: Framework and Case Study

Energies ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Alhammad ◽  
Qian (Chayn) Sun ◽  
Yaguang Tao
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Solar Plant ◽  
Plant Site ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Total Study Area ◽  
Site Identification

Many countries have set a goal for a carbon neutral future, and the adoption of solar energy as an alternative energy source to fossil fuel is one of the major measures planned. Yet not all locations are equally suitable for solar energy generation. This is due to uneven solar radiation distribution as well as various environmental factors. A number of studies in the literature have used multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) to determine the most suitable places to build solar power plants. To the best of our knowledge, no study has addressed the subject of optimal solar plant site identification for the Al-Qassim region, although developing renewable energy in Saudi Arabia has been put on the agenda. This paper developed a spatial MCDA framework catering to the characteristics of the Al-Qassim region. The framework adopts several tools used in Geographic Information Systems (GIS), such as Random Forest (RF) raster classification and model builder. The framework aims to ascertain the ideal sites for solar power plants in the Al-Qassim region in terms of the amount of potential photovoltaic electricity production (PVOUT) that could be produced from solar energy. For that, a combination of GIS and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) techniques were employed to determine five sub-criteria weights (Slope, Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI), proximity to roads, proximity to residential areas, proximity to powerlines) before performing spatial MCDA. The result showed that ‘the most suitable’ and ‘suitable’ areas for the establishment of solar plants are in the south and southwest of the region, representing about 17.53% of the study area. The ‘unsuitable’ areas account for about 10.17% of the total study area, which is mainly concentrated in the northern part. The rest of the region is further classified into ‘moderate’ and ‘restricted’ areas, which account for 46.42% and 25.88%, respectively. The most suitable area for potential solar energy, yields approximately 1905 Kwh/Kwp in terms of PVOUT. The proposed framework also has the potential to be applied to other regions nationally and internationally. This work contributes a reproducible GIS workflow for a low-cost but accurate adoption of a solar energy plan to achieve sustainable development goals.

Energy, Financial, and Environmental Investigation of a Direct Steam Production Power Plant Driven by Linear Fresnel Solar Reflectors

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mokhtar Ghodbane ◽  
Evangelos Bellos ◽  
Zafar Said ◽  
Boussad Boumeddane ◽  
Abderrahmane Khechekhouche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Solar Power Plant ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Levelized Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Water Steam ◽  
Produce Water ◽  
The Mean

Abstract The objective of this paper is the investigation of the annual performance of a solar power plant with linear Fresnel reflectors in the El-Oued region at Algeria. The solar collectors produce water steam that feeds a turbine to produce electricity. The System Advisor Model (sam) tool is used for simulation. The mean net daily electricity production rate from 8:30 am to 5:30 pm is 48 MWe, and the respective annual production is 210,336 MWh/year. The mean daily optical efficiency of the solar field was close to 52%, while the mean thermal efficiency was about 39%. The net daily cycle efficiency is found to be 24%. The net capital cost of the examined system is $393 million, and the developer net present value is $47 million; the investor net present value is $15 million, the entire period of capital recovery is 11 years, and the levelized cost of electricity is 0.0382 $/kWh. The solar power plant leads to the yearly avoidance of 420,672 tons carbon dioxide emissions (operational cost savings of $6.1 million). Based on the obtained results, linear Fresnel reflectors can be used to achieve satisfying, energetic, financial, and environmental performance that can lead to sustainability.

scholarly journals Converting a Water Pressurized Network in a Small Town into a Solar Power Water System

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 4013
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Pardo ◽  
Héctor Fernández ◽  
Antonio Jodar-Abellan
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Water System ◽  
Electricity Grid ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Electricity Grids ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
The Cost

The efficient management of water and energy is one challenge for managers of water pressurized systems. In a scheme with high pressure on the environment, solar power appears as an opportunity for nonrenewable energy expenditure reduction and emissions elimination. In Spain, new legislation that eliminates old taxes associated with solar energy production, a drop in the cost of solar photovoltaic modules, and higher values of irradiance has converted solar powered water systems into one of the trendiest topics in the water industry. One alternative to store energy (compulsory in standalone photovoltaic systems) when managing pressurized urban water networks is the use of head tanks (tanks accumulate water during the day and release it at night). This work intends to compare the pressurized network running as a standalone system and a hybrid solution that incorporates solar energy supply and electricity grids. The indicator used for finding the best choice is the net present value for the solar power water system lifespan. This study analyzed the possibility of transferring the energy surplus obtained at midday to the electricity grid, a circumstance introduced in the Spanish legislation since April 2019. We developed a real case study in a small town in the Alicante Province, whose findings provide planning policymakers with very useful information in this case and similar case studies

Creation of Financial and Environmental Values With Solar Photovoltaic Projects While Managing Risks

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Shantha Indrajith Hikkaduwa Liyanage ◽  
Fulufhelo Godfrey Netswera ◽  
Shivajyoti Pal ◽  
Isaac Nthomola
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic System ◽  
The University

This study investigates 200 kWp roof-mounted solar photovoltaic system in a country where there is no legal, policy, and institutional framework to de-risk the solar energy market but present naturally conducive environment in the sun-drenched semi-arid country. The analysis of quantitative and qualitative data subject to interpretivist and positivist approaches paves the way to find out that the university, though created financial and environments values, has not addressed the risk associated with illiquid capital intensive investment and conventional financial metrics such as net present value, internal rate of return. Hence, it is recommended to manage the risk with four strategies including maintaining economic value added at 5% or more, leveraging the investment, and withdrawing a part of equity for reinvesting in diversified investment. The findings are significant for low carbon investors to identify opportunities and manage the risk in solar energy market. Energy engineers enable designing a system that meets the fundamentals of the business and environmental value.

Floating solar photovoltaic plants in India – A rapid transition to a green energy market and sustainable future

2021 ◽  
pp. 0958305X2110571
Author(s):  
J. Charles Rajesh Kumar ◽  
MA Majid
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Sustainable Future ◽  
Photovoltaic Plants

The 18,000 square kilometers of water reservoirs in India can generate 280 GW of solar power through floating solar photovoltaic plants. The cumulative installed capacity of FSPV is 0.0027 GW, and the country plans to add 10 GW of FSPV to the 227 GW renewable energy target of 2022. The FSPV addition is small related to the entire market for solar energy, but each contribution is appreciated in the renewable energy market. FSPV could be a viable alternative for speeding up solar power deployment in the country and meeting its NDC targets. So far, the country has achieved the world's lowest investment cost for a floating solar installation. Despite the lower costs, generalizations are still premature because FSPV is still in its initial stages of market entry. Continuous innovation and timely adoption of innovative ideas and technology will support India in meeting its solar energy goals and progressing toward a more sustainable future. Governments must establish clear and enforceable policies to assist developers in reducing risks and increasing investor confidence in the sector. Economic and financial feasibility are examined, and various difficulties in technology, design, finances, environment, maintenance, and occupational health that impact the FSPV deployment are discussed. Based on the research, effective and comprehensive FSPV policy suggestions are included to support establishing an appropriate market, fostering competition and innovation, and attracting large-scale investment. This paper aims to stimulate interest among various policy developers, energy suppliers, industrial designers, ergonomists, project developers, manufacturers, health and safety professionals, executing agencies, training entities, and investment institutions of the FSPV plant to implement effective governance planning and help them to participate in their ways to assure sustainable growth.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Dispatchable RES Technoeconomics: Is There a Niche for Concentrated Solar Power?

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra G. Papadopoulou ◽  
George Vasileiou ◽  
Alexandros Flamos
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Concentrated Solar Power ◽  
Levelized Cost Of Electricity ◽  
The Impact

Raising the penetration of renewable energy sources constitutes one of the main pillars of contemporary decarbonization strategies. Within this context, further progress is required towards the optimal exploitation of their potential, especially in terms of dispatchability, where the role of storage is considered vital. Although current literature delves into either storage per se or the integration of storage solutions in single renewable technologies, the comparative advantages of each technology remain underexplored. However, high-penetration solutions of renewable energy sources (RES) are expected to combine different technological options. Therefore, the conditions under which each technology outperforms their counterparts need to be thoroughly investigated, especially in cases where storage components are included. This paper aims to deal with this gap, by means of assessing the combination of three competing technologies, namely concentrated solar power (CSP), photovoltaics (PV) and offshore wind, with the storage component. The techno-economic assessment is based on two metrics; the levelized cost of electricity and the net present value. Considering the competition between the technologies and the impact storage may have, the paper’s scope lies in investigating the circumstances, under which CSP could have an advantage against comparable technologies. Overall, PVs combined with storage prevail, as the most feasible technological option in the examined storage scenarios—with an LCOE lower than 0.11 €/kWh. CSP LCOE ranged between 0.1327–0.1513 €/kWh for high capacity factors and investment costs, thus larger storage components. Offshore wind—with a lower storage component—had an LCOE of 0.1402 €/kWh. Thus, CSP presents the potential to outperform offshore wind in cases where the latter technology is coupled with high storage requirements. CSP can be viewed as one of the options that could support European Union (EU) decarbonization scenarios. As such, an appropriate market design that takes into consideration and values CSP characteristics, namely dispatchability, is needed at the EU level.

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